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Operator
Greetings and welcome to the Frequency Electronics second-quarter 2014 earnings release conference call. At this time all participants are in a listen-only mode. A question-and-answer session will follow the formal presentation. (Operator Instructions) As a reminder, this conference is being recorded.
Any statements made by the Company during this conference call regarding the future constitute forward-looking statements pursuant to the Safe Harbor provisions of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Such statements inherently involve uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially from the forward-looking statements.
Factors that would cause or contribute to such differences are included in the Company's press release and are further detailed in the Company's periodic report obligations -- periodic report filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission. By making these forward-looking statements, the Company undertakes no obligation to update these statements for revisions or changes after the date of this conference call.
It is now my pleasure to introduce your host, General Joe Franklin, Chairman of the Board for Frequency Electronics. Thank you, General Franklin; you may begin.
Joe Franklin - Chairman
Thank you very much, Doug; and welcome, everyone, to our conference call for the second quarter of fiscal year 2014. I appreciate very much you all tuning into this. And certainly, we look forward to your questions when we are done.
With us today, of course, is Alan Miller, our Chief Financial Officer, who will have the financial report for our second quarter; and Martin Bloch with his comments -- our Chief Executive Officer -- on how our Company has done and where it's going. Very pleased, again, to have you here. We will have questions and answers after this is done.
Alan, why don't you go right ahead?
Alan Miller - CFO and Treasurer
All right, thank you, Joe; and good afternoon, everyone. For the second quarter of fiscal 2014, Frequency had revenues of $17 million compared to $16.8 million in the first quarter of this fiscal year and compared to $17.6 million in the year-ago quarter.
Revenues from satellite payloads remain the dominant market for Frequency and the area for largest expected growth going forward. Satellite payload revenues increased nearly 20% over the prior year and accounted for over 55% of consolidated second-quarter revenues -- similar ratios as in the first quarter.
Revenues from non-space US government DOD programs, including sales by FEI-Elcom and FEI-Zyfer, accounted for about 20% of consolidated revenues compared to the high 20% range last year. Total revenues for US government DOD end use, both for space and non-space programs, account for approximately 60% of Frequency's consolidated revenues. Network infrastructure revenues, which are recorded in FEI-NY, FEI-Zyfer, and Gillam-FEI were about 15% of consolidated revenues, down slightly from the prior year.
Based on current backlog plus our new satellite bookings for legacy products, which were awarded in the first half of this year, we anticipate continued strong revenues from the satellite payload market in fiscal year 2014. Cost of sales in the second quarter of both years was approximately $10.8 million, resulting in gross margin of $6.2 million in the fiscal 2014 quarter compared to $6.7 million last year. The gross margin rate was 36.6% in fiscal 2014 compared to 38.3% last year. As we have discussed previously, our gross margin rate is impacted by product mix and the lower sales volume at our subsidiaries.
Fiscal 2014 SG&A expenses of $3.5 million were comparable to last year's $3.5 million and were at 21% of revenues in this current fiscal year compared to 20% of revenues last year. This level of SG&A expenses is in line with our expectations; and as revenues increase, we would expect to see the ratio of SG&A expenses to revenues to decrease.
R&D spending in the second quarter was $1.5 million compared to last year's $1.2 million. As noted in our first-quarter conference call, we continued to accelerate R&D spending on our view expanded satellite payload product line of microwave receivers and up/down converters. Year-over-year IR&D spending is up $600,000, which reduced fiscal 2014 profit margin by about 2%. We expect the rate of R&D spending to moderate during the second half of fiscal 2014; thus, fiscal year second-quarter operating profit is $1.3 million compared to $2 million last year.
Other income, which generally consists of investment income offset by interest and other expenses, netted to income of $897,000 in the second quarter of this year compared to income of $92,000 a year ago. During the second quarter we recognized a gain of $736,000 on the sale of certain manufacturing equipment under a rubidium oscillator license agreement. This yields pretax income of $2.2 million compared to $2.1 million last year, and net income was about $1.4 million each year.
Diluted earnings per share was $0.16 in fiscal 2014 versus $0.17 in fiscal 2013, due to a higher tax provision in the current year. The fiscal 2014 tax provision was recorded at an effective rate of 36% compared to last year's rate of 32%. Now, this depends on the profitability of our foreign subsidiaries, which we anticipate our effective rate to fall in the range of 32% to 36% for all of fiscal 2014.
For the six months of fiscal 2014, we used $2.5 million of operating cash flow, primarily due to growth in accounts receivable and inventory. The growth in inventory is in preparation for the production phase of the multi-satellite Iridium program and other recently-booked new contracts. As we consume this inventory, we expect to generate increased revenues and positive operating cash flow in the second half of this current fiscal year.
Our reported backlog at the end of October was $57 million compared to $51 million at the beginning of this fiscal year. Except with respect to cost-plus contracts, our backlog includes only the funded portion of long-term contracts. Following the end of the second quarter, we expect to receive additional funding of approximately $20 million on booked orders, which will be recorded in backlog at the time of funding as this year progresses.
Over three-fourths of our backlog is for long-term satellite programs, split about equally between commercial and US government programs. However, based on recent satellite bookings, we expect the ratio of commercial satellite programs in our backlog to increase. Frequency continues to maintain a healthy balance sheet with a strong working capital position of $77 million.
I will turn the program over to Martin. I look forward to your questions later. Martin?
Martin Bloch - President, CEO, and Director
Thank you, Alan. I'd like to provide some color of Frequency and both the initiatives we have started. As you have heard, Frequency Electronics had excellent bookings in New York, primarily on both military and commercial satellites. Subsidiaries like FEI-Elcom and FEI-Zyfer were impacted by program delays due to government inaction on this point. They weren't sitting on their hands and praying; they used the time to improve their product line and to support product developments at FEI.
Our up/down converter initiatives, which we started to accelerate at the beginning of this year, has made great progress. We have gone through the engineering phase and demonstrated the new, smaller-sized, lighter-weight converters to our customers. And we are now in the process of finished qualification of both the Ku- and the Ka-Band up/down converters/receivers.
We expect to finish them in the fourth quarter of fiscal 2014. Initially, we were shooting for the end of December, but changes in demonstrating the engineering models which were suggested by our customers -- they were minor changes, but they caused us to incorporate them at this time, before going through the final qualification.
At the same time, we have had very active proposal efforts on these new products. Although we haven't booked anything substantial on this item, we have quite a few proposals outstanding for the up/down receivers, both at Ku- and Ka-Band. I would like to emphasize that our excellent booking at FEI-NY is based primarily on legacy product and has very little of the new initiative in our backlog, funded and non-funded.
We have gotten a very interesting program that has come to life again. In 2005 we participated on a WAAS program, which will eventually be used for secure commercial aircraft automatic landing. And that experimental up/down receiver/converter was flying since 2005. Based on the excellent results that the FDA has gotten on this one experimental, we are now putting another host payload on. And we think that this program will eventually take root, and that it has legs on it.
Again, this is a C-Band up receiver and a L-Band down converter on this. They have also started initiatives in supplying equipment that are made by FEI-Zyfer, FEI-Elcom, and FEI for the new initiatives to provide secure, very accurate timing for secure communication and for other functions on this.
I am happy to see the progress that we are making on the satellites. And as Alan has mentioned, between commercial and military satellites, that's the majority of our backlog. And we see that the major growth will be in that area.
As of -- including November, we now have larger bookings on commercial than we have on the military satellites, but both have increased in the month of November.
I would like at this time to open to questions and answers. So go ahead, guys.
Operator
Ladies and gentlemen, at this time we will be conducting a question-and-answer session. (Operator Instructions) James McIlree, Chardan Capital.
Jim McIlree - Analyst
Thank you and good afternoon. Martin, you talked about excellent bookings for legacy products. Is that the $20 million that you referred to in the press release?
Martin Bloch - President, CEO, and Director
Well, we actually booked a lot more in the first half of the year. Alan, what was the number? I think it was about $24 million --
Alan Miller - CFO and Treasurer
Right.
Martin Bloch - President, CEO, and Director
-- on this, of which we got most of the funding in; and we expect the remaining of the funding on that booking to be done in the next couple of months.
Jim McIlree - Analyst
But those bookings that you expect to come in are for the --.
Martin Bloch - President, CEO, and Director
And they are all on legacy products.
Jim McIlree - Analyst
All legacy products?
Martin Bloch - President, CEO, and Director
Well, almost all.
Jim McIlree - Analyst
Does that have positive margin implications for the Company?
Martin Bloch - President, CEO, and Director
Yes.
Jim McIlree - Analyst
Okay.
Martin Bloch - President, CEO, and Director
I couldn't have asked a better question. Obviously, you have the lowest risk and the least amount of engineering effort in order to get them out of the house.
Jim McIlree - Analyst
Right. And on the new products, you mentioned that it's been delayed slightly because of customer requests. Can you elaborate on that? Is it they want different features? They want different form factor?
Martin Bloch - President, CEO, and Director
No, no, no. Let me give you a very simple example on this point. We took our engineering breadboards and demonstrated to all of our major customers in the United States and getting their inputs. And one wanted, you know, a little bit larger bandwidth; a little bit better suppression of spurious; a better noise figure. All just minor tuning on our concept.
And we felt that their inputs were very useful. And we can incorporate it in the qual models, so we don't have to make any changes subsequently. So they were all very constructive inputs that we got from the ultimate users. And we incorporated those changes, and we are now building the slightly modified units to put them through the final qual testing.
Jim McIlree - Analyst
Okay. And then, Alan, you talked about inventories building for anticipated product shipments. So once those shipments have occurred, where would be a reasonable expectation for inventories to land?
Alan Miller - CFO and Treasurer
I think a mid-30 range is more appropriate. We have been growing that for the last, probably, three or four quarters now, I think, as we have got some long-lead materials in-house for this program, which is going to go into the production phase early next year -- next calendar year, I should say.
Jim McIlree - Analyst
Right. And that's the Iridium X program? Did I hear that right?
Alan Miller - CFO and Treasurer
Yes.
Martin Bloch - President, CEO, and Director
That's the main one. There are two other programs -- and it's very cost-effective, by the way, to buy the material in one lump sum, because you save a lot on screening. And since the cost of money is very inexpensive, it really makes a lot of sense. That programs will go from inventory into final products, which should end up as revenue and as cash flow.
Jim McIlree - Analyst
And is there a few million of receivables that will -- will receivables come by down by a few million, as well, in the next couple of quarters?
Alan Miller - CFO and Treasurer
Oh, yes. Actually, November was a very good collection month for us. We had about $7 million in billed receivables on the balance sheet at the end of October; and we collected, probably, about $8 million, $9 million of that just in the one month.
Jim McIlree - Analyst
Great. Thanks a lot. Appreciate it.
Operator
Tristan Thomas, Sidoti & Company.
Tristan Thomas - Analyst
One really quick housekeeping question. Regarding the asset sales, should we you expect anything like that moving forward? Or was this really just a one-time event?
Alan Miller - CFO and Treasurer
The asset sale was really a one-time. It was manufacturing equipment we're selling to -- there's people under a license agreement. There may be some additional revenues related to that license agreement, but it won't be anything of that similar magnitude.
Tristan Thomas - Analyst
Okay. And then could you maybe provide a little more color regarding the -- you mentioned the K-Band up receiver and the L-Band down converter -- where they are in terms of qualification?
Martin Bloch - President, CEO, and Director
Okay. Let's say the L-Band up/down converters for Iridium have finished qualification, and we are now starting the production phase on that area. And this -- of course, we have already delivered the EMs; the EQMs; and the first PFM, which is the first flight models.
They will go in into a fairly significant rate sometime in the middle of 2014 and complete in 2015. They have to ship 160 up/down converters and 82 timing systems for that program.
When it comes to the higher frequency, the Ku- and the Ka-Band up converters, they are primarily targeted for military and commercial communication satellites, where they want to put a lot more capacity, a lot more channels on the same platforms. And we have lots of proposals outstanding for that type of work. Our mission was to make something that is smaller, lower power, and lower weight, so we can put more converters on the same platform.
Tristan Thomas - Analyst
Okay. Got you. Good. One final question. I was just curious, especially regarding your Zyfer segment, what are they really seeing regarding sequestration from their customers? Are people still delaying orders? Are we at the point we are canceling orders now?
Martin Bloch - President, CEO, and Director
Well, FEI -- on the satellites, it was the exact opposite. We had a boom on this.
When it came to FEI-Zyfer and FEI-Elcom, the contracts got delayed. They've been hit a little bit.
Tristan Thomas - Analyst
Okay. Thank you, guys.
Operator
Sam Rebotsky, SER Management.
Sam Rebotsky - Analyst
Good afternoon, gentlemen. The $20 million -- if we add that to the $56 million, has that been booked? Or we expect it prior to January 31?
Does this make this an unusually high backlog? When does that $20 million get recorded as income and revenue and profit? Do we get bigger sales and profits in the second half of the year, or the rest of the year?
Alan Miller - CFO and Treasurer
Well, there's a bunch of questions in there. These programs, of course, are multi-year programs. So immediate funding is not essential for us to start working on them and getting revenues.
So we have partial funding, and we are working on them now and getting revenues and cash flow -- we are billing the customers as we go. So we anticipate that the additional funding will come in in the balance of this fiscal year and will therefore be part of the backlog. And then we will continue to work on those into the balance of 2014 into 2015. It should increase our revenues opportunities, because the opportunity is there. We have the higher volume of business in-house now.
Sam Rebotsky - Analyst
Does this increased backlog -- does this increase the dollar per satellite? We are shooting for higher numbers. We are assuming you are around $5 million per satellite. Do you get to a higher number with these backlogs?
Martin Bloch - President, CEO, and Director
We are in the range of between $5 million and $10 million per satellite that we got. And I want to clarify -- you asked a good question on this -- we have established rules at Frequency that in backlog, we only report the portion that's fully funded.
So if we get a $10 million contract, and they are funded to $5 million -- but it's a firm contract, but we will only use $5 million in the backlog, and $5 million is booked business. And on those $20 million on this, about -- we booked a total of $40-plus million in the first six months, and we got funding on most of them. And we expect, like Alan said, that we will get the rest of the funding in the very near future. But definitely in this fiscal year, and it should turn into significant business in fiscal 2015 and then in the second half of fiscal 2014.
Sam Rebotsky - Analyst
So now we are going to start seeing -- I guess, do you think we have to wait to -- do we see significant increases in the end of the year, or just normal increases?
Martin Bloch - President, CEO, and Director
Normal increases on this, but significant in fiscal 2015.
Sam Rebotsky - Analyst
Okay. You do work on drones?
Martin Bloch - President, CEO, and Director
Yes.
Sam Rebotsky - Analyst
Did you do anything with Amazon? Is there any potential?
Martin Bloch - President, CEO, and Director
Oh, are you kidding? You got caught by that? I will tell you, if they put 100,000 on the United States, they will kill a couple of people. I don't know how many packages they will deliver. (laughter)
But we are the major supplier on precision timing for real drones that are used in surveillance and attack for the US military. We provide a very ruggedized, rubidium/quartz low-g-sensitivity standard that we have on many of the assets that are now flying. This is a product that we will expect will grow.
Sam Rebotsky - Analyst
And have you hired an IR firm yet? Are you ready to start making more presentations? And what is the timetable for this?
Alan Miller - CFO and Treasurer
Well, we haven't hired an IR Firm. But we are scheduled to go to a couple of conferences: we will be at the Needham conference in January and the Cowen Aerospace and Defense conference in February.
Sam Rebotsky - Analyst
Okay. Sounds good. Sounds good. Look, I guess with all the stuff that's going on in the area, you should be able to get a little bit more discovered. So good luck.
Operator
Michael Eisner, Private Investor.
Michael Eisner - Private Investor
I'm not sure if you mentioned -- I came on late -- anything with Gillam, and I think you call it the smart grids?
Martin Bloch - President, CEO, and Director
The RTUs?
Michael Eisner - Private Investor
Yes, exactly. Thank you.
Martin Bloch - President, CEO, and Director
They are progressing; they are in tests, and the French will do it at their own pace. But it looks very promising as a future product, with lots and lots of slots for the substation in France and in other countries.
So far the testing is going great. We don't know when they are going to start procurement, but we hear that it's going to be late 2014, beginning 2015.
Michael Eisner - Private Investor
Your calendar, fiscal, or?
Martin Bloch - President, CEO, and Director
I didn't hear. Calendar years. The French don't work on FEI fiscals; they work on the calendar year. So they expect to start procuring end of 2014 calendar and beginning of 2015. That's the latest we hear from them. But all the testing is going very well.
Michael Eisner - Private Investor
And you'd be -- how are you going to produce these? Are you ready to produce them, rather?
Martin Bloch - President, CEO, and Director
I'm sorry. I didn't understand that one.
Michael Eisner - Private Investor
Do you have the manufacturing capability to produce these?
Martin Bloch - President, CEO, and Director
Absolutely. It's in place and ready to go.
Michael Eisner - Private Investor
Okay. Thank you.
Operator
There are no further questions in the queue. I would like to hand the call back over to management for closing comments.
Joe Franklin - Chairman
Thank you very much, all of you, for tuning in. We really appreciate it.
We look forward to March, when we will have our third-quarter report for you. In the meantime, we wish you all the best for the coming holidays. God bless America, and Go Army. Thanks, folks.
Martin Bloch - President, CEO, and Director
Happy new year. Have a healthy one.
Alan Miller - CFO and Treasurer
Thanks, everybody.
Operator
Ladies and gentlemen, this does conclude today's teleconference. Thank you for your participation. You may disconnect your lines at this time and have a wonderful day.