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Operator
Good afternoon, ladies and gentlemen, and welcome to the first quarter 2016 CyberArk Software earnings conference call.
(Operator Instructions).
As a reminder, this conference is being recorded.
I would now like to turn the conference over to your host, Erica Smith, Vice President of Investor Relations.
Please go ahead.
Erica Smith - VP, IR
Thank you, Sally.
Good afternoon.
Thank you for joining today to review CyberArk's first quarter 2016 financial results.
With me on the call today are Udi Mokady, Chief Executive Officer, and Josh Siegel, Chief Financial Officer.
After preliminary remarks, we will open the call up to a question-and-answer session.
Before we begin, let me remind you that certain statements made on the call today may be considered forward-looking statements, which reflect management's best judgment based on currently available information.
I refer specifically to the discussion of our expectations and beliefs regarding our projected results of operations for the second quarter and the full-year 2016.
Our actual results might differ materially from those projected in these forward-looking statements.
I direct your attention to the risk factors contained in the Company's annual report on Form 20-F filed with the US SEC and those referenced in today's press release.
CyberArk expressly disclaims any application or undertaking to release publicly any updates or revisions to any forward-looking statements made herein.
Additionally, non-GAAP financial measures will be discussed on this conference call.
A reconciliation for the most directly comparable GAAP financial measures is also available in our earnings press release, which can be found at www.cyberark.com in the Investor Relations section.
Also, please note that a Webcast of today's call will be available on our Website in the Investor Relations section.
With that, I'd like to turn the call over to our Chief Executive Officer Udi Mokady.
Udi?
Udi Mokady - President & CEO
Thanks, Erica, and good afternoon, everyone.
Thank you for joining the call today.
CyberArk again delivered strong results, exceeding our outlook across all metrics.
We grew revenue 43% to $47 million, and we generated non-GAAP operating income of $11 million, which resulted in best-in-class operating margin of 23%.
Our strong performance demonstrates that, first, organizations of all sizes and verticals increasing recognize that protecting privileged accounts is critical to securing their systems and data and mitigating the damage in a cyber-attack.
Second, we continue to execute our land-and-expand strategy to not only capture share in the greenfield market for privileged account security, but also maintain our leadership position.
Third, we have a powerful and attractive business model.
Josh will discuss our financial results in more detail shortly.
But, first, let me walk you through a few highlights and business trends.
Demand for CyberArk's market-leading privileged account security solution continue to be strong.
The diversification of business across verticals, customer size, and geography has and continues to demonstrate the breadth of our market.
Sales to multiple verticals more than doubled in the first quarter, including healthcare, government, retail, media, and education.
Our momentum with hospitals continued into Q1, as two of our largest license deals were with major metropolitan hospitals that purchased multiple products.
Beyond our success in the enterprise, we also continued to see increased activity with mid-sized organizations, like universities, credit unions, and law firms, demonstrating that organizations of all sizes need this critical layer of security.
Our Q1 performance shows that our business is not dependent upon a continuous flow of news coverage of high-profile breaches.
As I've said many times before, the vast majority of our business is the result of proactive cybersecurity and compliance programs and not in response to breaches.
CyberArk's investments in sales and marketing delivered strong results in the first quarter.
Our new business engine added more than 100 new logos, bringing our total count to over 2,600 customers.
As in prior quarters, the majority of these customer wins were greenfield engagements, highlighting that the market for privileged account security is still in the early innings and is a significant opportunity.
Our business continues to remain balanced between new and add-on sales.
And five of our top 10 deals were new business.
New customers also continue to take a more strategic platform approach to protecting their privileged accounts.
In the first quarter, nearly 30% of new business deals included three or more products.
Our strong performance with add-on and cross-sell demonstrates the value that we provide to our customers through our experience and through our CyberArk platform.
One great example for Q1 was add-on business with a large national retailer who initially purchased from CyberArk in 2012.
Since the initial order, this customer has purchased well over $1 million in licenses for Enterprise Password Vault and Privileged Session Manager.
There are many more examples I could share, each demonstrating that the initial license is only the beginning of the opportunity.
In the first quarter, what we call the CyberArk network effect gained momentum.
Multiple six-figure new business deals benefited from accelerated sales cycles because key decision makers had positive CyberArk experiences at previous companies.
In one win, the Chief Information Security Officer transitioned to a new position from a large retailer to a multinational conglomerate and selected CyberArk to vault credentials, monitor and secure sessions, as well as identify and analyze anomalous behavior.
We also saw a major technology vendor mandate that one of their service providers secure their privileged accounts with CyberArk, which led to a six-figure deal for three of our products, including Application Identity Manager.
Our team works hard to deliver high levels of customer satisfaction.
And it is very rewarding to see their work be recognized.
We are very pleased with the growth in the government sector, which was among our fastest-growing verticals this quarter.
We closed six-figure deals in the government vertical in each of our three major theaters, Americas, EMEA, and APJ.
Our significant investment over the last 18 months also paid off with CyberArk being added to the US Department of Defense Unified Capabilities Approved Product List, an even higher bar than the common criteria certification we achieved last year.
After rigorous testing, CyberArk is now the only comprehensive privileged account security solution to be included on this elite list of approved vendors.
This designation represents another important achievement in our long-term strategy and commitment to better serve the US federal market.
Regarding geographies, the Americas continue to be our strongest and most developed region, delivering our highest growth rate.
In EMEA, we grew our revenue and continued to develop our pipeline.
We are building awareness across EMEA and continue to educate prospects on our solution and the benefits of privileged account security.
The Asia-Pacific region represents a significant untapped opportunity.
Across all of our geographies, we are making investments to increase market awareness, further develop our channels, and grow our pipeline.
RSA Conference is one of our most visible sales and marketing events during the year.
And this year was our most productive event yet.
We had a significant increase in C-suite interactions with Chief Security Officers and notably CIOs.
The C suite was focused not just on the importance of privileged account security, but also measuring and reporting on the positive impact a CyberArk investment can have on the organization security posture.
We also introduced Privileged Threat Analytics 3.0, which further differentiates us from the competition.
We are now the only vendor that provides a comprehensive platform to proactively protect domain controllers, helping prevent attackers from taking over the network.
In Q1, we continued to make great progress with our acquisition of Viewfinity, which we completed in October.
We launched Viewfinity 5.5, the initial integration into the CyberArk Shared Technology Platform.
We signed Viewfinity deals for Cloud and on-premise delivery.
And two of our top 10 deals included Viewfinity.
Among our Viewfinity wins was a Fortune 500 financial services company that purchased licenses for four of our products.
This organization chose Viewfinity over a competitive offering because we provide a single privileged management solution that combines least privileged with application control as well as vaulting and session management products.
I'm sure you've all read about the increased number of ransomware attacks over the past few months.
These attacks clearly demonstrate the need for the CyberArk Viewfinity.
Our solution combines the protection and management of business user privileges with application control.
This approach can prevent unknown applications or software from running or can restrict and isolate the application's access, which is effective in mitigating the risk of ransomware attacks.
Longstanding customers adopting Cloud services are using CyberArk to protect Cloud assets.
In recent months, one of our largest state utilities in the US has been leveraging Privileged Session Manager and Enterprise Password Vault to manage its Office 365 assets.
Leveraging CyberArk, administrators are performing their day-to-day operations, including provisioning users, troubleshooting exchange issues, and securing a remote access to active directory.
I would like to finish my remarks by sharing my excitement with last week's launch of the CyberArk C3 Alliance, our new global technology partner program.
It is a testament to the importance of privileged account security and CyberArk's leadership position in the market that our global partner program includes leading companies like FireEye, Splunk, RSA, and ForeScout, and more.
The C3 Alliance is the first of its kind, with a foundation in privileged account security, and is being driven by the broad awareness among our joint customers that unsecured privileged accounts pose one of the most significant threats to the enterprise.
Through CyberArk's C3 Alliance, customers will benefit from greater protection of privileged credentials used across the organization, including those used by a wide range of software solutions, like compliance management, vulnerability management, and DevOps tools.
They will also benefit from faster detection and targeted response capabilities enabled by the sharing of privileged activity data with analytic and forensics tools.
Together with our partners, we are helping to build privileged account security best practices into an integrated security fabric, making CyberArk even more strategic and deeply entrenched in customers' security programs.
I am pleased that 2016 is off to a strong start.
Our results give us confidence that we are just scratching the surface of this tremendous opportunity.
As we look into the remainder of the year, we plan to make disciplined investments to capture market share and extend our leadership around the globe.
As a result, we believe these investments will drive our growth while delivering solid profitability.
With that, let me turn it over to Josh.
Josh Siegel - CFO
Thanks, Udi.
We were very pleased to exceed our outlook for the first quarter across all the guided metrics, revenue, operating income, and EPS.
We grew our total revenue by 43% year over year to $46.9 million.
License revenue reached $27.5 million, increasing 38% over the prior-year period and representing 59% of total revenue.
Our strong license growth was evenly split between the new and existing customers.
We were also very pleased to have our first meaningful revenue contribution from our acquisition of Viewfinity.
Maintenance and professional services revenue was $19.4 million, increasing 50% over the prior-year and representing 41% of revenue.
This growth reflects the pro rata impact from our record license revenue growth last year and our consistent greater than 90% renewal rates we continue to achieve.
Our strong renewals are the result of the high levels of customer satisfaction from both our support as well as the tremendous value that the customers are seeing with our updates and upgrades.
Geographically, our business in the Americas was strong, in the first quarter increasing 69% year over year to $29.3 million or 62% of total revenue.
EMEA grew 23% to $15.2 million or 33% of total revenue.
APJ region was down a bit to $2.4 million or 5% of total revenue in the first quarter, which was primarily related to the timing of revenue recognition.
As I move through the P&L, all financials except revenues will be discussed on a non-GAAP basis, which excludes share-based compensation, public offering expenses, amortization of intangibles related to acquisitions, and the tax effects related to those non-GAAP adjustments.
Please note that a full GAAP to non-GAAP reconciliation can be found in the tables of our press release.
Our first quarter non-GAAP gross profit was $41.1 million or an 87.6% gross margin.
That's slightly above the 87.3% non-GAAP gross margin in the same period last year.
Consistent with our strategy to stay focused on our opportunity and grow CyberArk, during the first quarter, we continued to make investments across all levels of the organization.
For the first quarter, research and development grew by 61% year over year to $6.5 million.
The year-over-year increase is due to the addition of engineers related to our two acquisitions in late last year as well as our ongoing organic investment in innovation to maintain our leadership position in the market.
Sales and marketing expenses for the first quarter increased 51% year over year to $20.1 million.
We continue to expand our marketing initiatives and personnel to enhance brand awareness and contribute to pipeline growth.
Also, during the quarter, we had a great presence at the RSA Conference, which Uli talked about earlier.
To capitalize on our market opportunity, we added sales and marketing-related headcount across all geographies and departments, including direct sales, channel support, and customer success.
G&A increased by 60% to $3.7 million as we continued to invest in scaling the business and see increased operating expenses related to being a public company.
In total, non-GAAP operating expenses for the first quarter of 2016 increased 54% to $30.4 million compared with $19.7 million for the first quarter last year.
Our overall expense growth is primarily related to headcount as we ended the first quarter with 692 employees, up from 644 at year end and compared with 487 at the end of the first quarter of 2015.
Again, this quarter, we demonstrated the power of our business model with our revenue outperformance generating non-GAAP operating income of $10.7 million or 23% operating margin, which was ahead of our guidance.
This compared to non-GAAP operating income of $9 million or 27% operating margin in the year-ago period.
Non-GAAP net income was $8.3 million or $0.23 per diluted share for the first quarter, up from $5.7 million or $0.16 per diluted share for the first quarter last year.
Turning to our balance sheet, we ended the quarter with $254 million in cash, cash equivalents, short-term deposits, and marketable securities.
That's increasing from $238 million at year end.
That's coming from the generation of $16.5 million in cash flow from operations during the quarter.
Before I share guidance for the second quarter and full year, as a reminder, our guidance does not consider any potential impact to financial and other income and expense associated with foreign exchange gains or losses as we do not try to estimate the future movements in foreign currency rates.
So, for the second quarter of 2016, we expect total revenue of $47.5 million to $48.5 million or 32% growth year over year at the midpoint.
We expect non-GAAP operating income to range between $8.6 million to $9.5 million and non-GAAP net income per diluted share of $0.18 to $0.20.
This assumes 35.9 million weighted average diluted shares.
Our second quarter non-GAAP operating margin guidance reflects the full run rate of the headcount increases we made in the first quarter as well as additional hires we plan to make to help drive our revenue growth.
We are raising our full-year 2016 revenue to a range of $209 million to $211 million or growth of approximately 31% at the midpoint.
We are raising non-GAAP operating income to be in the range of $41.7 million to $43.3 million and our non-GAAP net income per diluted share of $0.87 to $0.91.
This assumes $36.3 million weighted average diluted shares.
Our results in the first quarter demonstrates our commitment to making responsible investments that continue to deliver strong operating results.
We believe that our investments will enable us to capitalize on the significant greenfield opportunity in front of us, which will position CyberArk to deliver profitable growth over the long term.
I will now turn the call over to the operator for QA.
Operator?
Operator
(Operator Instructions).
Sterling Auty, JPMorgan.
Sterling Auty - Analyst
Yes, thanks.
Hi, guys.
Udi Mokady - President & CEO
Hi, Sterling.
Sterling Auty - Analyst
Wonder if you could elaborate a little bit on your existing customers and where we are in terms of the uptake, in other words, the follow-on orders as they roll out to broader production.
In other words, where -- is there a bunch that are still early in the funnel that you expect to come on and do their bigger purchases here over the next couple of quarters, or are we seeing the bulk of customers move into full production already?
Udi Mokady - President & CEO
Hi, Sterling.
I would say that the majority of our customer base is also early innings and really taking the -- into the full opportunity with the product set.
We're seeing much more strategic approach with new customers and with existing customers to turn what we call CyberArk projects into CyberArk programs.
But, again, most of them are still early on.
The pace of awareness is accelerating definitely in the US.
Sterling Auty - Analyst
And then a follow-up question, do you update us in terms of -- you're still kind of early I believe in your expansion of the channel overall in terms of the total number of resellers that you're working with.
Any update in terms of where that -- where we are in terms of sheer number of resellers and what you're thinking in terms of the expansion through the year?
Udi Mokady - President & CEO
Yes, we talked about having 250 global channel partners at the end of the year and choosing I would say quality over quantity.
The major investments are actually making more and more of them enabled and trained.
And they're really jumping onboard.
This quarter, within Q1, it's the first time we launched a partner advisory forum that we did both in the US and EMEA with top channels.
And you can really see that their -- this is one of their top-performing products.
And for those that are focused on delivering services, they also see a tremendous opportunity in working with us.
I would say that the go to market here is really get them enabled and get representation in many countries, but again, quality over quantity.
Sterling Auty - Analyst
Got it.
Thank you.
Udi Mokady - President & CEO
Thanks, Sterling.
Operator
Shaul Eyal, Oppenheimer & Co.
Shaul Eyal - Analyst
Thank you.
Hi, guys, good afternoon.
Congrats on the ongoing strong execution.
Uli, maybe more of a bird's eye view type of question, a bit of mess afterhours, some additional security-related companies have reported more of mixed results, a very, very strong quarter, up in guidance.
Investors seem to be a little confused about the demand environment.
Can you assist us a little bit with what you're seeing out there?
And then I have a follow up.
Udi Mokady - President & CEO
Sure.
So, again, in our world, we exceeded outlook across all metrics.
And we're very, very happy and very excited about the Q1 results.
From a demand perspective, we're seeing a strong demand environment, continued pipeline growth across all regions.
We do differentiate a lot because we're a proactive security measure, and we're not dependent on specific breach headlines, and on the fact that it's a measurable layer.
And so, when customers deploy CyberArk, they can actually report up on the results and why they made their organization safer.
So, demand is healthy.
And I can say that it's across the board.
Shaul Eyal - Analyst
Fair enough.
Udi, last quarter, this quarter again I think in your prepared remarks, you're highlighting the legal vertical apart from the different verticals.
Specifically on law firms and maybe on the heels of the Panama Papers, do you see this vertical accelerating faster than others?
It appears that law firms are in a way late adapters of compliance solutions when considering the ultrasensitive information they're keeping on file.
So, how do you think about -- ?
Udi Mokady - President & CEO
-- Yes, so, Shaul, I would say the top accelerating verticals are the ones I mentioned like healthcare and government.
And really, those would be enterprise acceleration.
And law firms are for us a great example of seeing the demand trickle into smaller-type organizations and also to see the supply chain effect.
The example I mentioned was a large enterprise demanding one of its service providers to deploy CyberArk.
And we've had cases where that's forcing law firms, where the enterprise wants the supplier as a law firm to comply.
They're also seeing that they're a major attack vector.
Of course, the Panama breach is -- or the Panama Paper affair, but that's clearly some kind of a breach, is an example of the wealth of information that the law firms are sitting on.
So, it's -- I would say it's another type of vertical.
There are even more exciting things on the enterprise front.
Shaul Eyal - Analyst
Thank you very much.
Good luck.
Udi Mokady - President & CEO
Thank you.
Thanks, Shaul.
Operator
Gabriela Borges, Goldman Sachs.
Gabriela Borges - Analyst
Hi, good afternoon.
Thank you for taking the question.
Udi, just one for you on the pace of how quickly you think the greenfield opportunity could evolve in the space this year.
Just curious to get your thoughts on what you think the limiting factor on adoption is right now.
Is it budgets are coming available on the customer side, such as maybe with the federal budget next year, or is it more on the awareness side and having more channel partnerships (inaudible)?
Would be curious to get your thoughts on the catalysts that we should be looking for as we go through the year.
Udi Mokady - President & CEO
Okay.
Great.
So, first of all, Gabriela, we're [excited] to have you on the call.
I would say that, in our world, and it's executing on a greenfield opportunity.
And so, the pace of adoption is the combination of blocking and tackling execution, which we're doing right with our hybrid approach, direct sales, and combined with strong channels.
But, we always have to combine it with education.
And we're seeing various levels of that, as I mentioned before.
The North American market is the most educated on the criticality of this layer.
And we're expanding that and continue that into EMEA and APJ.
It's a long-term opportunity.
And in almost every geography, we see that education follows with sales, and new verticals are waking up.
Specifically, the government, we're very excited because it is a vertical that was lagging, just like healthcare was in the past.
And we're just seeing consistent understanding that they have to do it.
Sometimes, they're mandated to do it.
And they'll follow government pace, which will serve us for the long term.
Gabriela Borges - Analyst
That's very helpful color.
Thanks so much.
And then I have a follow up, if I could.
Just if you think about some of the alliances that you've announced, like the C3 Alliance that you mentioned earlier, maybe just an update on how you're thinking about partnering with larger companies through alliances like that or even if something like M&A might make some (inaudible).
Thank you.
Udi Mokady - President & CEO
So, this is a very unique one.
It's our global technology partnership.
So, it was a culmination of a variety of ecosystem partnerships that we were working on for quite a while.
Some of them are very large companies and including publicly traded companies, not all.
We mentioned some of the security companies, but also systems management companies and others, where there's an integration to ensure the security of the customer that anything that has to do with the stronghold of privileged access is under control or that we feed them with the critical information that has to do with privileged access to their -- through their systems.
And of course, within this ecosystem, there'll be companies where we will do more go to market and find bigger triggers to go together.
And the M&A dimension is a whole separate discipline that we have.
Gabriela Borges - Analyst
Appreciate the color.
Thanks very much.
Udi Mokady - President & CEO
Thank you.
Operator
Saket Kalia, Barclays.
Saket Kalia - Analyst
Hey, guys.
Thanks for taking my questions here and fitting me in, and very nice quarter.
Udi Mokady - President & CEO
Thank you, Saket.
Saket Kalia - Analyst
Hey, Udi.
Hey, just a quick kind of housekeeping question, can you just remind us roughly what Viewfinity contributed this quarter or maybe where that revenue growth of 43% was organically roughly?
Josh Siegel - CFO
Yes, hi, Saket.
This is Josh.
As we -- we're not going to necessarily be breaking out products on a regular basis because -- as we have not done in the past.
But, it definitely was the first time that we had a meaningful contribution and very much puts us on track to the types of numbers that we talked about last year of the type of license contribution that it would give to us this year.
And as you recall, we actually resold a product in this space in the past.
So, that contract went away.
And the contribution that we got from Viewfinity in the first quarter well exceeded the contribution that we were getting from the Avecto resale in the first quarter of last year.
Saket Kalia - Analyst
I see.
I see.
Got it.
And then just a follow up also for you, Josh.
Just on the EPS guidance, very nice EPS beat this quarter, not all of it flowing through to the full year.
So, was there any timing around expenses that's maybe getting pushed into later parts of 2016 or any thoughts on just the EPS guide versus this quarter's beat?
Josh Siegel - CFO
Yes, we very much -- we flowed through in the first quarter, as you saw.
We flowed -- basically were able to flow through the entire $3 million beat into the bottom line.
And as we look at the next nine months, we still are preserving our plan to invest this year.
And while I believe about half of it is going into the guidance, we have an aggressive plan this year.
And it -- while we did raise a bit compared to our guidance in February, we didn't feel comfortable at this point and want to leave the option open for us to continue to invest at levels that might take some of that leverage out in the back half of the year with regard to hiring of account executives and mostly people in the sales and marketing organization.
We -- again, we believe that we're still in early innings of the greenfield opportunity.
It's a message we've said many times before.
And we want to be in a position where, in the second half of the year, we set ourselves up to remain being a high grower for 2017.
Saket Kalia - Analyst
Makes sense.
That's it for me.
Thanks, guys.
Udi Mokady - President & CEO
Thank you.
Operator
Jonathan Ho, William Blair & Co.
Jonathan Ho - Analyst
Hey, guys.
Congratulations on the strong results.
Udi Mokady - President & CEO
Thank you, Jonathan.
Jonathan Ho - Analyst
Just wanted to start out with the multiproduct comment that you had that there were 30% of folks that were buying those products.
Can you maybe give us a sense of what they're buying together?
And has there been sort of any change, particularly as you've rolled out the new products?
Udi Mokady - President & CEO
Yes, I would say definitely the growth engines are kicking in.
And many new deals include Viewfinity, include our PTA, include our AIM, our Application Identity Manager, which is a very strategic and sticky product because it manages the nonhuman aspect.
I know you know that product very well.
If I try to generalize the most common three, definitely Enterprise Password Vault, PSM, the first two, and followed by PTA, AIM, and now more and more Viewfinity.
Jonathan Ho - Analyst
Got it.
And then you guys talked a bit about increasing the opportunity in sort of mid-sized businesses.
And I guess what I'm trying to understand is that, do you guys think that this could be a pretty significant portion of the business?
How much sort of TAM does this add?
And do you have sort of the right product to go after this market, just given the midmarket tends to want things that are maybe less complex or less expensive in terms of those product sets?
Udi Mokady - President & CEO
Jonathan, I think it's a great question because the greenest of the greenfields right now for us that we're going after is the enterprise and the top 10,000, 20,000 enterprises out there.
And that's where the major go-to-market effort is and our focus.
The -- what we love about seeing the mid-sized opportunity come in is twofold.
It just shows that the problem also exists down as we trickle down even beyond those enterprises and that they do find our solutions to be a fit.
And this is without going after it strongly.
Number two, Viewfinity has a very strong midmarket play, especially given with their SaaS option.
And so, it allows us to play more in parallel and into the midmarket.
Jonathan Ho - Analyst
Got it.
Thank you.
Udi Mokady - President & CEO
Thank you.
Operator
Gray Powell, Wells Fargo Securities.
Gray Powell - Analyst
Great.
Thanks for taking the questions.
And congratulations on the good numbers.
Udi Mokady - President & CEO
Thank you, Gray.
Gray Powell - Analyst
So, just a couple on my side.
My understanding is that you generally have very good visibility on deals that you close over the next couple of months and that the typical sales cycle, it's more like, call it, six to nine months.
Is that accurate?
And if so, just based on your pipeline and the visibility you have with demand, how much variability do you think we could see in the second half of the year?
Udi Mokady - President & CEO
Yes, I think it's pretty accurate to say that we're an enterprise software company.
And I think it's pretty typical with a lot of others.
We have pretty clear visibility on the deal flow over the next couple of months and then pipeline visibility over the next several quarters.
I think the sales cycle, we still look at it as kind of on average six to nine months sales cycle.
And I think, if we look historically, we've seen -- because we're in a -- we're still in the early innings.
And it's still a greenfield opportunity.
I think, for the last couple years, we've seen some volatility, good volatility in favor of CyberArk with regard to the pipeline from quarter to -- and when we go out another six months to 12 months.
And that's actually allowed us to come into the beginning of each year and be able to show nice growth guidance each year, as we did this year and as we did last year at the beginning of 2015.
So, it typically -- the pipeline that we have shows us the opportunity.
But, as we get into the second half of the year, new pipeline develops also for 20 -- also for the current year and -- but for sure, for the beginning of the following year.
Gray Powell - Analyst
Got it.
That's really helpful.
Thank you very much.
Udi Mokady - President & CEO
Great, Gray.
Operator
Andrew Nowinski, Piper Jaffray.
Andrew Nowinski - Analyst
All right.
Thanks.
Just to start off with a question on billings, I know you don't guide for it.
So, I was just wondering if you -- how would you characterize your billings relative to your internal expectations in Q1?
And was there anything abnormal in that that impacted billings in Q1?
Udi Mokady - President & CEO
No, I don't think there was anything abnormal.
Again, we don't guide for it because we're not a classical SaaS company.
We're a perpetual license company.
So, for us, our classic rev-rec model is to get orders and deliver and recognize with only the maintenance piece being recurring and kind of affects billings with regard to revenue.
But, if we look -- if we kind of did the classical calculation, billings moved in the right direction and increased nicely on a year-on-year basis.
So, there's nothing unusual there from our perspective.
Andrew Nowinski - Analyst
Okay.
And then just regarding linearity, I know a vast majority of your sales are really proactive sales.
But, did the market volatility earlier in the year have any sort of impact on your quarter?
Udi Mokady - President & CEO
No, as I mentioned, a really fabulous quarter and with the sales cycles that we just mentioned that there's nothing in recent developments that affected us.
We saw healthy pipeline flows and healthy pipeline continue to build.
And it's really the proactive nature of our business.
Andrew Nowinski - Analyst
Got it.
Thanks.
Udi Mokady - President & CEO
Of course, it's the combination of the demand, but also a real strong focus on having the best execution.
Operator
Erik Suppiger, JMP Securities.
John Lucia - Analyst
Hey, guys.
Thanks for taking the question.
This is John on for Erik.
Your Q2 guidance -- hey, guys.
Your Q2 guidance calls for a significantly lower sequential increase than you saw last year and the year before.
Is there something new that's affecting seasonality?
Would just be good to understand the puts and takes there.
Udi Mokady - President & CEO
No, I think that, last year was a different growth environment that was going on.
It was also still coming within our first couple of quarters out of the IPO.
I think part of it coming into Q2 this year is we exceeded -- we had a nice -- we had a great Q1 where we exceeded guidance and expectations by close to $3 million.
And we feel good about being able to present the 32% guidance for Q2.
And I think the numbers are getting bigger.
And so, I think we're still showing good growth on a year-on-year basis in the Q2 guidance.
John Lucia - Analyst
Okay.
And then can you talk about what you're seeing in terms of the use case for PAM and how that's evolving?
Are you starting to see PAM being used more as a broad security function rather than more of an operational function?
And if so, how much deeper can you go into a customer when they're starting to use the product for a little more broad use case in terms of security?
Udi Mokady - President & CEO
Yes, as I mentioned earlier, we're definitely seeing customers call this the CyberArk program.
And privileged account security exists in every piece of the IT infrastructure, including their Cloud assets and Cloud infrastructure.
So, when customers take it as a program, we're a layer on the inside and across the board.
And so, we're -- and to an earlier question, we're seeing many more of these.
And we're landing twofold.
Very often, we're landing on customers that are taking a risk-based approach to putting in this program.
But, there are still customer that come to this for compliance reasons.
And we land at a -- in a part of the organization and then help them expand all across.
So, we're a security layer that is used by IT operations.
And so, we're used and felt across the security organization.
John Lucia - Analyst
Are you starting to see more business users add licenses, or is it still mostly for the IT operations user?
Udi Mokady - President & CEO
Okay.
I see your question.
So, Viewfinity is definitely an expansion to all users and going across.
And given our model with the rest of our products, the footprint is not really dependent on just number of IT users, which is with one of our products, but actually the extent of the IT infrastructure.
So, we can be a piece that is protecting every user in the organization because we protect every desktop, every server, every application, every database.
And that's how we get a footprint that's not dependent on the IT user population.
John Lucia - Analyst
Got it.
Okay.
Thank you.
Udi Mokady - President & CEO
Thank you.
Operator
Catharine Trebnick, Dougherty & Co.
Catharine Trebnick - Analyst
Thank you for taking my question.
Udi, could you talk a little bit -- you had a nice quarter.
Anything -- a lot of the companies discussed January and February sales being a little light.
Did you see any linearity and should we seeing in your -- in this quarter?
Udi Mokady - President & CEO
No, hey, Cathy.
No, we did not see any change in the linearity.
We're an enterprise software sales company.
So, definitely, we do a lot of business at the end of the quarter.
But, there was really nothing different from -- .
Catharine Trebnick - Analyst
-- And is there any difference in when you approach an enterprise organization?
Is it usually the CIO or the CISO that you sell to when you go into market?
Udi Mokady - President & CEO
So, our prime engagement is Chief Information Security Officer.
What we're seeing is many more CIOs, again, especially in North America, but also around the world.
Many more CIOs know that privileged account security is measurable security.
And they really like that.
And we find that we've had -- and we've had visits from senior customers to the CyberArk offices, where the CIO attends.
We've had meetings in -- at the RSA Conference with CIO in attendance really understanding and knowing what this is all about because I think that, with -- that what they're looking for now is measurable security.
Catharine Trebnick - Analyst
All right.
Thank you.
Udi Mokady - President & CEO
Thank you.
Operator
Ken Talanian, Evercore ISI.
Ken Talanian - Analyst
Hi, guys.
Thanks for taking my question.
And congrats on the quarter.
Udi Mokady - President & CEO
Thank you.
Ken Talanian - Analyst
I just wanted to touch on your go to market.
I was wondering if you could elaborate a bit more on how you manage the split investments on channel versus direct.
And then with regards to the channel specifically, you mentioned a focus on quality.
And I was wondering how you're managing incentives for your partners there.
Udi Mokady - President & CEO
Okay.
Great.
So, I would say that, even in areas where we work in a hybrid fashion, like in North America, the direct salesforce or the -- are working hand in hand with the channels and are augmented by a channel management team on our side.
So, if you take a metropolitan area, they would be working directly with accounts, but also interacting with the local channels and getting help from our own channel management team.
So, it's a very -- there's a very clear message of being super channel friendly, channel first in every opportunity, but also, back to your second point, expecting the channels, those who invest more will get more.
And that's kind of my point on the quality.
If they get trained, if they get enabled, if the -- when they bring us, when they register deals, they get higher margins.
And we believe that really incentivizes the right behavior and is best for the customers because this is a mission-critical software.
And the customer wants knowledgeable people coming in and advising them about that.
And so, I mentioned the partner advisory meetings we had here, where we're seeing more partners really get it that the more they invest, the more margin they will get.
They will get the services opportunity.
And it's really in the right direction.
This includes also advisory firms that we have more and more advisory firms build a practice around CyberArk for privileged account security.
Ken Talanian - Analyst
Okay.
And just in terms of the actual sales and marketing dollars, is it in one direction in terms of headcount?
Josh Siegel - CFO
It's -- it would be -- we have more direct sales than we would have on the channel side.
But, if we -- if you add in all the overlays that are related to channels and upsales and business development and related, it starts to even out.
Ken Talanian - Analyst
Okay.
Great.
Thanks very much.
Udi Mokady - President & CEO
Thank you.
Operator
Thank you.
I show no further questions at this time.
I will now turn the call back over to Mr. Mokady.
Udi Mokady - President & CEO
Thank you.
I would like to thank CyberArk's customers, employees, and partners for their hard work and dedication, which has been key to our success.
We're looking forward to seeing you at conferences and events throughout the year.
Thank you very much.
Operator
Ladies and gentlemen, this concludes today's conference.
Thank you for your participation, and have a wonderful day.
You may all disconnect.