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Operator
Good morning and welcome to the TrustCo Bank Corp fourth-quarter 2015 earnings conference call. (Operator Instructions)
Before proceeding, we would like to mention that this presentation may contain forward-looking information about TrustCo Bank Corp New York that is intended to be covered by the Safe Harbor for forward-looking statements provided by the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Actual results and trends could differ materially from those set forth in such statements due to various risks, uncertainties, and other factors.
More detailed information about these and other risk factors can be found in our press release that preceded this call and in the risk factors and forward-looking statement sections of our annual report on Form 10-K and as updated by our quarterly reports on Form 10-Q. The statements are valid only as of the date hereof and the Company disclaims any obligation to update this information except as may be required by applicable law.
Today's presentation contains non-GAAP financial measures. The reconciliations of such measures to the most comparable GAAP figures are included in our earnings press release, which is available under the investor relations tab of our website at trustcobank.com. Please note this event is being recorded.
I would now like to turn the conference over to Mr. Robert J McCormick. Please go ahead, sir.
Robert McCormick - President and CEO
Thank you. Good morning, everyone. As [Vol] said, I'm Robert McCormick, President and CEO of TrustCo Bank. Joining me on the call today are Mike Ozimek, our CFO, and Scot Salvador, our Chief Banking Officer. Also in the room is Kevin Timmons, who most of you deal with a regular basis.
Thank you for your interest in our Company and joining us for an update today. As has become customary, I will open this up, hitting the highlights. Mike will give detail on our financial performance, then turn it over to Scot for an update on loan, deposits, and nonperforming. We can wrap up with questions and answers.
As the release said, fourth quarter at the Bank and even the entire year can best be described as solid. We ended the year with total deposits over $4.1 billion. This was up about $94 million on average over year-end 2014.
This was a good year for deposits, with nice growth in all of the lower-cost categories. We also frontloaded a lot of our growth to earlier in the year. Combined, this gave us the ability to reduce our exposure to higher cost deposit categories.
Our loans were up this year and ended at almost $3.3 billion. That's an all-time high. This amounted to about $163 million in average growth. The vast majority of the growth took place in our residential categories.
Our commercial loans were down, as we've previously reported. There are some crazy things happening in the commercial loan area causing our runoff. We are happy to take a cautious approach, continuing to work with our existing customer base. The result was a margin of 3.14% for the quarter, up from 3.08% at 9/30/15 and down slightly from fourth-quarter 2014.
We had total assets of $4.7 billion, up over $90 million on a year-over-year basis. Our tangible equity ratio was up slightly to 8.72%. Our core net income was $42.2 million for the year, up from $41.5 million in 2014. Please recall we had two large one-time items that increased 2014 earnings.
Our efficiency ratio ended the year at 55.4. That's down from the prior quarter, but up from year-end 2014 and still way better than our peers. We continued to see improvement in asset quality, and nonperforming assets fell by $5.7 million compared to year-end 2014. Our nonperforming asset ratio improved to 0.73%.
Our net charge-offs in 2015 fell to $5.3 million, down from $6.5 million in 2014. Our nonperforming loans also fell to 0.86% from 1.08% at the end of 2014. We did open two branches in 2015, bringing our total to 146.
Our average deposits per branch continue to grow. Just as a reminder, we continue to do all of our business through our branch network, still do not accept brokered deposits, or pay a premium for large accounts.
We continue to operate under a formal agreement with the OCC. We are unable to go into great detail with regard to this agreement. We have made a number of corrective measures in both policy and practice. And we feel we are at least on the right track and are going through tremendous amounts of validation to make sure we stay on track.
Now I'm going to let Mike go over the numbers. Mike?
Mike Ozimek - SVP and CFO
Thank you, Rob. I will now review TrustCo's financial results for the fourth quarter of 2015. Net income was $10.2 million for the fourth quarter of 2015 compared to $10.7 million for the fourth quarter of 2014. As Rob said, despite the continued added cost during the fourth quarter in response to recent regulatory concerns, net income continues at a solid level.
The loan portfolio averaged $3.3 billion during the fourth quarter of 2015, an increase of $163 million on average from the fourth quarter of 2014 or 5.2% and $23 million over the third quarter. The sustained growth continues to be concentrated in the residential real estate portfolio. This continues a positive shift in the balance sheet from the lower-yielding investments to higher-yielding core loan relationships.
The total average investment securities, which include AFS and the ATM portfolios, decreased during the fourth quarter by approximately $97 million or 12.9% on average over the third quarter of 2014. This was the result of approximately $46 million in securities called during the fourth quarter of 2015 and the average impact of additional calls of approximately $84 million of securities in the later part of Q3 2015 and by the cash inflows the by mortgage-backed securities portfolio. The decrease was offset by approximately $50 million of investment purchases made in the fourth quarter of 2015.
Average core deposits increased $109 million or 3.8% from the fourth quarter of 2014 to the same period in 2015. As we have discussed before, our core deposit counts typically represent longer-term relationships and are lower cost than time deposits.
Our cost of interest-bearing deposits decreased 2 basis points from the fourth quarter of 2014 to 39 basis points for the quarter, which continues to reflect our pricing discipline with respect to CDs and other non-maturity deposits.
Our average balance of overnight investments was $670 million for the fourth quarter of this year, up $17.3 million over the average balance in the third quarter. In addition to the liquidity that is on our balance sheet, in the current rate environment, we expect that we will have between $200 million and $400 million of loan payments coming in over the next 12 months and approximately $100 million to $150 million of investment securities cash flow during this same time period. This continues to give us opportunity and flexibility moving into 2016.
Our net interest margin benefited during the quarter from the increase in yield on earning assets and a 2 basis point reduction in interest-bearing liabilities. As a result, it increased to 3.14% in the fourth quarter, up from 3.0% in the third quarter and down slightly from 3.17% in the fourth quarter of last year.
Our provision for loan losses has increased to $1.3 million for the fourth quarter of 2015 compared to $800,000 in the third quarter of 2015, and up $300,000 compared to the $1 million recorded during the fourth quarter of 2014. This increased level of provision in the fourth quarter was a result of a single commercial loan charge-off.
We do not expect this level of provision to be reoccurring. In fact, we continue to see positive trends in virtually all asset quality measures and delinquencies. The level of provision for loan losses in 2016 will reflect the continued improvement quality of the portfolio and economic conditions in our geographic footprint and the ongoing resolution of existing problem loans.
Non-interest expense came in at a $4.4 million for the fourth quarter, up slightly from the third quarter of 2015. Our financial services division had approximately $842 million of assets under management as of December 31, 2015.
Now onto non-interest expenses. Total non-interest expense came in at $23.1 million, down approximately $350,000 from the third quarter and up approximately $870,000 from the same period last year. During the quarter, in the fourth quarter of 2015, salary and benefits expense included two items of note.
It benefited by approximately $850,000 as a result of the decision of management to eliminate the liability related to the 2015 annual cash bonuses of the senior executive officers. It also included an additional $550,000 of salary expense reclassed from other expense categories to salary and benefits. As mentioned in the past, we do these reclass entries at year end so our payroll and benefit expense match our W-2s and our final payroll registers.
We continue to expect the estimated total annualized cost of implementing the recommendations in the agreement will be approximately $5 million annually. These added costs reflect the Company's continued investment in our systems within the retail loan and deposit areas as well as enhanced regulatory compliance measures.
We would expect over the next several quarters to continue to experience increased professional services expense. However, that will start to level off in 2016 as we complete the implementation of the requirements of the agreement. As noted last quarter, you will see a continued shift from professional services to the salary and benefits expense line as new hires replace consultants moving forward.
ORE expense came in at $570,000 for the quarter, which is within expectations. We expect ORE expense to stay in the range of $500,000 to $1 million per quarter. All the other categories of non-interest expense are in line with prior quarters and our expectations. Going forward, we expect the total reoccurring non-interest expense to be in the area of $23 million to $23.5 million per quarter.
Our efficiency ratio continues to be strong, despite the increased costs discussed earlier. We will continue to focus on what we can control by working to identify opportunities to make the processes within the Bank more efficient. Fourth-quarter 2015 came in at 55.37%, down slightly from the third quarter of 56.04%.
As noted in prior calls, fourth-quarter numbers continue to be negatively affected by our decision to retain a large amount of overnight investments and the increased costs associated with implementing the recommendations of the agreement. I would expect the efficiency ratio to stay generally in this range.
Finally, the capital ratios continue to stay strong. And consolidated tangible equity tangible assets ratio improved to 8.72% at the end of the fourth quarter, up from 8.46% compared to the same period in 2014.
Now Scot will review the loan portfolio and nonperforming loans.
Scot Salvador - EVP and Chief Banking Officer
Okay, thanks, Mike. The loan portfolio grew by $11.3 million on the quarter in actual numbers, with the residential portfolio growing $16.2 million and commercial loans decreasing $5.4 million as we continue to be very mindful in that area.
Year over year, total loans have increased $135 [billion] or 4.3%, with residential loans increasing by $153 million. Residential loans on the quarter grew by $15.4 million in Florida as the activity continued to be solid in that region throughout the year. New York and the other areas had net residential increase of approximately $1 million.
The quarter saw a very successful implementation of the new TRID regulations in all our regions. Interest rates, which did increase slightly for a brief period around the Fed's tightening, have settled back down and we are currently at 3.99% for a 30-year fixed-rate. This rate has remained fairly steady for a protracted period.
Our backlog at year end is down approximately 15% from the third quarter, which represents a fairly typical slowdown for the holiday period and about 9% lower on a year-over-year basis. We would expect activity to pick up as we progress further into the first quarter.
The news remains positive with respect to asset quality. Early-stage delinquencies remain strong and nonperforming assets dropped to $34.7 million at December from $37.8 million in September and $40.5 million at December 2014. Overall asset quality indicators continue to improve, with nonperforming loans now standing at 0.86% of total loans versus 1.08% a year earlier. The coverage ratio or allowance to nonperforming loans is now at 158%, up from 141% in September.
Rob?
Robert McCormick - President and CEO
Thanks, Scot. We are happy to respond to any questions you have.
Operator
(Operator Instructions) DeForest Hinman, Walthausen & Co.
DeForest Hinman - Analyst
Can you talk more about the things you are worried about on the commercial lending side? You've said this last couple calls, but maybe can you delve into it in a little bit more detail and talk about what you are seeing in the New York market and what you're seeing in the Florida market and why that gives you pause?
Robert McCormick - President and CEO
I think some of the rates that are being offered are very attractive to borrowers and much less attractive to the lender. And I don't think it's priced -- not that it's easy to price to risk, but I don't think the premium for a commercial loan or the risk that goes along with a commercial loan is baked into the rates that are being offered.
You are also seeing -- I don't know if credit standards slide or just go to a point we are not comfortable with, especially unit values in multifamily housing and some of the hotel and motel financing that's going on right now.
DeForest Hinman - Analyst
Is this in both the New York market or is it more related to the Florida market?
Robert McCormick - President and CEO
No. New York market, too. What you find in the New York market is many, many, many competitors are chasing far too few transactions. And it becomes almost a fever pitch.
DeForest Hinman - Analyst
Do you have any commentary on construction activity in the capital region at all? With a lot of multifamily units going up, do you think the market is getting a little ahead of itself or do you think the building is measured in this area?
Robert McCormick - President and CEO
I would stop at your initial comment that there's a lot of multifamily housing going up in the capital district. And I don't know if the population growth is matching that construction.
DeForest Hinman - Analyst
Okay, thank you.
Operator
(Operator Instructions) Having no further questions, this will conclude our question-and-answer session. I would like to turn the conference back over to Mr. McCormick for any closing remarks.
Robert McCormick - President and CEO
Thank you for joining us, everyone, this morning. And if you're in Washington, or New York, or Philadelphia, good luck with the storm this weekend. Have a great day.
Operator
The conference has now concluded. Thank you for attending today's presentation. You may now disconnect.