Teradata Corp (TDC) 2020 Q3 法說會逐字稿

Ladies and gentlemen, thank you for standing by, and welcome to the Q3 2020 Teradata Earnings Conference Call.

(Operator Instructions) Thank you.

I would now like to turn the conference over to your speaker today, Matt Garvie, Senior Manager of Investor Relations.

Please go ahead, sir.

Good afternoon, and welcome to Teradata's 2020 Third Quarter Earnings Call.

Steve McMillan, Teradata's President and Chief Executive Officer, will lead our call today; followed by Mark Culhane, Teradata's CFO, who will discuss our financial results.

Our discussion today includes forecasts and other information that are considered forward-looking statements.

While these statements reflect our current outlook, they are subject to a number of risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially.

These risk factors are described in today's earnings release.

Teradata's most recent 10-K filed with the SEC and in the Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2020, expected to be filed with the SEC in the next few days.

We undertake no duty or obligation to update our forward-looking statements.

On today's call, we will be discussing certain non-GAAP financial measures, which exclude such items as stock-based compensation expense and other special items described in our earnings release.

We will also discuss other non-GAAP items, such as free cash flow.

A reconciliation of non-GAAP to GAAP measures is included in our earnings release, which is accessible on the Investor Relations page of our website at investor.teradata.com.

A replay of this conference call will be available later today on our website.

And with that, I will turn the call over to Steve.

Good afternoon, everyone.

Thanks for joining us today.

I'm pleased to report that Teradata executed extremely well in Q3 and delivered good results for our shareholders.

We exceeded our expectations and guidance for all key metrics, including ARR, recurring revenue, free cash flow and non-GAAP earnings per share.

This strong performance comes as a result of concentrated efforts from across the organization.

The team delivered very well, delivered solid sales execution in all regions, provided ongoing support for our customers to help them obtain the greatest value from their beta assets and significantly advance our technology for the cloud.

We also stepped up and directly addressed outdated market perceptions with clear market messages and implemented focused cost discipline as well.

As a testament to our growing momentum in the cloud, I will start today's remarks by sharing examples of our Cloud-First success with customers.

We're starting from a great base and a well-established strong commitment to helping customers leverage their data assets and solve their complex data challenges at scale.

We are, therefore, seeing substantial growth in our cloud business across regions, industries and public cloud platforms.

Loblaws, a large Canadian retailer is migrating key applications and database technologies to the cloud with Teradata.

This customer is a great example of our ability to operate in a hybrid multi-cloud model as Loblaws now runs Teradata Vantage on more than 1 public cloud platform.

A leading truck manufacturer in Asia has selected Vantage on AWS as its cloud data analytics platform.

The customer will leverage Vantage in the cloud for real-time analysis of vehicle data to provide insights from vehicle functionality and performance, drive predictive maintenance and determine value-added services to offer its customers.

On this one, we are partnering with a regional provider of integration services.

A global Fortune 500 CPG company headquartered in Europe committed to Teradata Vantage on Azure in the quarter.

The significant competitive wins was the result of our team's ability to prove its credentials in migrating the customer's large and complex workloads to the Azure cloud.

Our customer will leverage the advanced analytical capabilities of Vantage on Azure to drive rapid innovation and expedite the delivery of new high-value business outcomes for its global finance, supply chain, sales, marketing and HR functions.

A large American retailer and long-standing Teradata customer is migrating its Teradata environment to Azure.

Its scale of production analytics is enormous with millions of queries run weekly.

It reviewed alternative cloud data warehouse solutions and selected Vantage on Azure.

Vantage offers unmatched performance and reliability.

Our customer will continue to support a myriad of business critical functions, including merchandising and assortment planning, finance, supply chain and demand forecasting as well as digital marketing, price management and its growing data science operations.

And finally, we brought in a significant Vantage on Azure win on a Fortune 100 CPG company.

When this customer completes its migration to the cloud, it will be our largest Vantage on Azure deployment.

The customer is leveraging its data assets for analytic use by all major divisions of its worldwide business.

It relies upon Vantage across its entire organization to democratize analytics, in finance and HR, drive down the cost of inventory and supply chain, while increasing revenues from sales, marketing and e-commerce.

I've just run through a small selection of the cloud wins we are seeing, but I wanted to commence my remarks highlighting our strong positive momentum and significant increases in cloud ARR.

Now I'll provide an update on 4 areas that are propelling us forward and fueling this momentum: first, our technology innovation; second, our ongoing progress in execution and efficiency; third, an update on how we are strengthening our executive leadership to guide our future, profitable growth; and finally, I'll wrap up by providing a status on our transformation efforts.

I'll start with the advancements we've made in the quarter with our Cloud-First technology.

We had a great milestone with the general availability of Teradata Vantage on Google Cloud and in our first Google Cloud customer wins.

Teradata is now the only data analytics platform provider with hybrid multi-cloud offerings across all 3 of the top public clouds, providing the utmost deployment flexibility for our customers.

It's important to our customers that Vantage software is consistent across all environments, whether multi-cloud, hybrid or on-prem.

This flexibility makes migration to the cloud environment easier, faster and lower risk while providing the scale they need without compromise.

To make it easy for customers to benefit from data analytics in the cloud, we introduced new flexible cloud pricing options.

Our blended pricing option is ideally suited for enterprise class usage and provides predictability in billing while delivering the lowest cost at scale.

Our cloud consumption pricing option is an affordable pay-as-you-go usage-based offer.

Businesses leveraging our consumption pricing model will never worry about utilization, system sizing or resource status since we manage these on their behalf.

We further make it risk-free to get started with Teradata Vantage in the cloud with our 0 down consumption pricing option.

Long-term Teradata customer, True Value Company, one of the world's leading hardware wholesalers, is one customer now taking advantage of the company's new cloud consumption pricing model.

We introduced a new cloud cost calculator on our website to help people understand the cost for Vantage in the cloud, designed to help change the inaccurate cost perceptions of the Teradata.

By answering 5 simple questions, visitors will see a cost estimate for using Vantage in the cloud, including the recommended consumption model, either blended or consumption.

Visitors can get a customized cost report based on their inputs.

Many organizations are surprised when they consider cloud-only options and realize how fast the cost escalates when they try to scale.

As customers scale workloads in the cloud, Teradata has the lowest cost per query in the cloud because of our industry-leading query optimization and workload management.

As we accelerate our Vantage road map on the cloud, integrations with cloud-native services continue to remain a top priority.

We recently released connections to manage Hive and Spark on the big 3 cloud platforms.

This extends our hybrid cloud and multi-cloud capabilities as customers move workloads to the cloud.

We further extended cloud-native Vantage integrations with AWS AppFlow and Azure Data Factory.

As an example, our customers can combine data in Vantage with customer's sentiment data from social media and opportunity information in Salesforce as well as support and call logs through ServiceNow to build a complete customer 360 profile that can help them and their customers increase sales and reduce churn.

So overall, a great quarter of advancing our cloud-based data analytics platform technology.

You can be assured that we will keep up the pace here as, going forward, we will be allocating approximately 3/4 of our research and development spend to Cloud-First initiatives.

This is a significant redirection from just a year ago, and we believe it will fuel our growth and movement to the cloud.

At Teradata, we firmly believe that businesses will continue to increase their need to leverage massive amounts of data as they build their enterprises of the future.

Data is proliferating, and organizations need partners who will help them leverage their data in the cloud with those rapidly escalating consumption costs.

This leads to a tremendous growth opportunity for Teradata.

As enterprises test multiple cloud solutions and commit or recommit to Teradata, we look forward to continuing our leadership role in this exciting market.

We believe and we prove to customers every day that Teradata has best technology and expertise to help them leverage data cost effectively and at massive scale to unlock real business value.

While we are building our cloud momentum, we are also seeing customers add to their Vantage on-prem solutions.

Texas Health Resources, a regional health care provider, expanded its Teradata environment.

And here, we work in partnership with Celebrus.

The customer is capturing, cleansing and orchestrating patient data, using predictive decision models to drive virtualized care options to the right patients in real time, particularly important now during COVID-19.

There's a great article that our IR team will be happy to share on how this customer is using predictive analytics to improve patient care.

Saudi Telecom Company, a telco leader in the Middle East as well as being an industry leader in the adoption of analytics, continues to expand its Teradata platform.

The expansion will address both the strategic direction and digital transformation as well as key programs around customer value management and support the Saudi national initiative to help government and health care with COVID-19 analytics.

Saudi Telecom continues to drive success with its Teradata platform and has tripled its capacity for analytics to Teradata over the last 18 months.

Complementing our progress in technology innovations, we correspondingly made advancements in our execution during the quarter.

In Q3, we expanded our partner ecosystem, and Teradata became a partner of the Volkswagen Industrial Cloud.

We will support Volkswagen on their open IoT platform by providing cloud-based data analytics to optimize production processes and drive productivity increases in Volkswagen's plants.

Also, we have actively stepped up our marketing to increase market awareness of our Cloud-First positioning.

We are proud of our hybrid multi-cloud differentiation and are committed to building awareness of our leadership in helping businesses unlock value as they turn data into a strategic asset.

We'll remain vigilant and publicly address misperceptions in the market as we declare our differentiated position.

Our organization also continued to prove its resilience with remote work arrangements to keep our people and our customers safe during the pandemic.

And I'm very proud of our team, their persistence and dedication in this unprecedented time.

We are executing customer engagements in executive briefings virtually around the globe, and these focused sessions are leading to great opportunities.

We're seeing much greater engagement with customers at the executive level on our Cloud-First offerings.

Teradata has received some outstanding industry recognition as the firms who follow technology are acknowledging the ever-increasing importance of data-driven decisions and are taking note of our strength with the cloud data analytics platform.

We were named by IDC in its fintech top 100 ranking as #34.

Inclusion in this list recognizes our compelling value proposition as a leading supplier of technology to the financial services industry.

As you know, financial services remains an important vertical for us, and we remain steadfast in our commitment to providing best-in-class data analytics to support this dynamic industry.

IDC also named Teradata in its Asia Pacific MarketScape recognition of major vendors for cloud data analytics platforms.

In its research, IDC noted that Teradata is a good match for companies that need hybrid cloud flexibility and prioritize security and performance for the analytics workloads.

The research further pointed out that Gen D workers in large enterprises concerned with operations and governance often look to Teradata solutions.

These recent industry analyst recognitions follow a strong score in the Forrester Wave on data management for analytics from earlier this year.

In fact, Teradata received the highest score in the current offering category.

The report noted that Teradata remains a prominent choice especially for hybrid deployments where scalability and availability are critical.

Now I'll turn to how we are strengthening our executive ranks as we accelerate our drive to the cloud, at an increasing rate of profitable growth.

We brought in Nicolas Chapman as our Chief Strategy Officer to ensure we have a well-defined strategic and operational plan as we accelerate our transformation to a Cloud-First company.

Teradata has made solid progress on this front, and Nicolas will help build on our success and momentum.

Nicolas has a proven track record in driving organizational performance through cohesive strategy planning and execution and joins us from Imperva and McKinsey.

Additionally, we appointed Hillary Ashton as our Chief Product Officer and brought together all aspects of our technology innovation into one organization dedicated to ensuring delivery, differentiated value to our customers and an extraordinary customer experience from our Cloud-First technology.

Hillary joined us from PTC just under a year ago and has accelerated her innovation cadence of keeping a customer-centered approach.

I'm also very pleased that we have appointed Molly Treese as our Chief Legal Officer, succeeding Laura Nyquist, who recently retired as our former General Counsel.

We'd like to thank Laura for her 34 years of dedicated service to Teradata as we congratulate Molly on her promotion to this critical role in our company.

Molly is a seasoned leader with outstanding judgment and deep knowledge of Teradata and will help guide us forward.

Further, we've named Erica Hausheer as our Chief Information Officer.

Erica will lead Teradata's IT and security organizations and will drive the ongoing use of our own data analytics technology to advance our business objectives.

Of course, we too are using data to drive our business.

Erica joins us from 3D Systems and Hewlett-Packard Enterprise.

It's very gratifying to have these incredibly capable executives in our leadership rank.

These appointments reflect our commitment to enhancing diversity and inclusion throughout our culture as we hire the best talent to help us move the company forward into our next chapter of market success.

I do want to recognize Scott Brown, our Chief Revenue Officer, who just departed the company as he becomes the President and CEO of FinancialForce.

We wish him the best in this great career opportunity.

The improvements began in our go-to-market organization contributed to our Q3 success, and I have great confidence in our GTM team to execute their plans and ensure a seamless continuation of our sales efforts going forward.

We have an active executive search in progress for a new CRO.

Before I pass the call to Mark, I would like to provide an update on our transformation efforts and the work we have been undertaking to better align our investments to our Cloud-First initiatives.

In Q3, every organization in the company has reviewed their operations and is working to adjust costs to better position the corporation for a move to the cloud and the continuation of profitable growth.

This encompasses nonrevenue-generating programs, real estate rationalization and select head count reductions, including a voluntary separation program and a more recent involuntary reduction program that will result in lowering head count and therefore costs.

Our efforts should result in a more optimized business model for financially healthy footing as we enter 2021.

We'll hear more from Mark on the actions to realign our cost structure and our investments to accelerate our business and strengthen our bottom line.

As we near the end of such a tumultuous year resulting from the global pandemic, it has become abundantly clear that enterprises of the future need to be able to adapt with agility and speed to unpredictable situations.

To do that, they need data.

And there is no better data analytics platform than ours.

Teradata's hybrid multi-cloud architecture gives businesses the flexibility and portability to manage through dynamically changing environments.

Our platform is built for today's hybrid multi-cloud world, and we are going to keep our momentum going strong.

And with that, I'll turn the call to Mark.

Thank you, Steve, and good afternoon, everyone.

I am pleased to report that the company delivered a strong quarter with better-than-expected recurring revenue, ARR growth, non-GAAP earnings per share and free cash flow generation.

We accomplished these strong financial results while making further progress in realigning our R&D and product management organization and investing to support our Cloud-First initiatives as well as taking actions to reduce and streamline our overall cost structure.

Before I continue to highlight a few key elements of our Q3 operating results, I want to make it clear that unless stated otherwise, my comments today reflect Teradata's results on a non-GAAP basis, which excludes items such as stock-based compensation expense and other special items identified in our earnings release.

Additional commentary on key metrics and segment trends can be found in the earnings discussion document on the IR website at investor.teradata.com.

We delivered $365 million in recurring revenue, which was above our guidance range and was 6% growth year-over-year.

We generated $47 million in incremental ARR this quarter and exited the quarter with a total ARR balance of $1.501 billion, an 8% increase over Q3 of 2019.

We were particularly pleased with the strength we saw in our EMEA and APJ regions, which helped drive recurring revenue and ARR ahead of our expectations.

Perpetual revenue came in as expected at $17 million, slightly up from the prior year, although the mix of deals varied from expectations, driving better-than-expected gross margins.

Consulting revenue declined 28%, as expected, as we continue to refocus our consulting business on higher-margin engagements to drive increased software consumption within our customer base.

In addition, we had continued impact from the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic as some customers canceled certain projects as they continue to manage their discretionary spending, especially for on-site consulting engagements.

We expect to see a continued year-over-year decline in consulting revenue in the fourth quarter given our overall strategy and the ongoing uncertainty around COVID-19.

Turning to gross margins.

Recurring revenue gross margin was 70.4%, up 70 basis points from the third quarter of 2019 and up 60 basis points sequentially from Q2.

We benefited from a couple of onetime items in Q3, including favorable FX revaluation, which we don't expect to carry over into Q4.

In addition, we are expecting our increased cloud momentum to be a headwind to our Q4 recurring revenue gross margin and expect recurring revenue gross margin on an annual basis to be flat year-over-year.

As we have previously stated, we are more than happy to incur short-term recurring revenue gross margin impact from accelerating cloud ARR momentum.

Perpetual revenue gross margins came in well ahead of our expectations at 58.8%, driven by a large U.S. customer purchasing hardware on a perpetual basis.

We expect Q4 perpetual revenue gross margin to be similar to prior year Q4 level.

Consulting margin was 13.9% versus 9% in the third quarter of 2019 as improved utilization, improved cost management and better price realization helped drive significant improvement over last year.

We continue to expect consulting margins to increase sequentially in the fourth quarter and to be in the low double digits for the year.

Total gross margin came in at 61%, up 500 basis points year-over-year and ahead of our expectation.

The improvement was driven by better-than-expected gross margins in each revenue category as well as the continued favorable revenue mix shift to higher-margin recurring revenues and away from perpetual and lower-margin consulting revenues.

We expect Q4 gross margins to sequentially decline and be approximately 400 basis points higher than Q4 of the prior year.

Turning to operating expenses.

Total operating expenses were down 2% year-over-year and came in lower than expectations primarily due to certain expenses shifting to Q4 as well as our focus on expense management.

We continue to reallocate spend towards our cloud initiatives and offers, modernizing our go-to-market sales motions and redirecting our marketing focus to virtual events and other higher ROI areas during COVID.

We expect our fourth quarter operating expenses to be up sequentially, primarily driven by higher sales commissions as well as from sales and marketing investments in our cloud initiatives and modernizing our go-to-market sales motions.

We are continually evaluating opportunities to optimize our cost structure while investing in our Cloud-First initiatives and transforming our go-to-market organization to accelerate our recurring revenue growth and expand our opportunities in the market, particularly in the cloud.

We had an exceptionally strong free cash flow quarter, driven by our shift to the subscription model as well as excellent execution by our collection organization.

Free cash flow in the third quarter was $58 million, which contributed to year-to-date free cash flow of $171 million, well ahead of prior year actual full year free cash flow of $89 million and our beginning of the year expectations of $150 million.

As Steve mentioned, we took initiatives to realign the company to be cloud-First, more agile and to position Teradata for increased growth, profitability and capitalize on our opportunity for the long term.

The first action we took was to offer a voluntary separation program for certain employees, which gave us more flexibility realigning the company as well as reducing our expense levels.

The second program was an involuntary reduction in force action that will enable us to realign our investments and operating expenses to accelerate our move to the cloud, add new talent to support our Cloud-First initiative and reduce our overall expense structure.

In addition, we are rationalizing our real estate footprint around the world especially given that working virtually is likely to become more commonplace in the future.

We will provide more commentary on this topic in the future, but it's another opportunity to more efficiently operate and realign additional investment dollars to our cloud initiatives.

From these actions, we expect to incur restructuring charges of approximately $70 million to $80 million of which approximately $28 million was recorded in Q3 and the remaining balance to be recognized in Q4 and 2021, with the vast majority of it in Q4 of 2020.

Cash usage for these restructuring actions is expected to be approximately $75 million, of which approximately $50 million is expected to be used in the fourth quarter of 2020.

We currently estimate these actions will reduce annual expenses by approximately $80 million to $90 million before considering any reinvestment towards our strategic initiatives for 2021 and beyond as well as any further cost reduction considerations, both of which are currently being evaluated.

We will provide more commentary on these topics on our Q4 call in early 2021.

As a result of our strong free cash flow quarter in Q3 and our expectations for another strong cash flow generation quarter in Q4, we expect our Q4 free cash flow after including the aforementioned Q4 restructuring cash payments to be breakeven to slightly positive, resulting in our full year free cash flow to be approximately $170 million to slightly higher for the full year, which is a significant increase over prior year free cash flow of $89 million.

Although COVID-19 has been disruptive for our customers and employees, we are quite pleased with how our team has adapted and supported our customers as well as realign the company to be cloud-first.

Turning to guidance.

We came into the year set up for a strong year and remain optimistic based on the pipeline we see for the fourth quarter.

For Q4, we expect recurring revenue in the range of $371 million to $373 million.

We expect a higher mix of cloud ARR and recurring revenue in Q4, which is fantastic.

However, it does come at lower margin.

But we are happy to take the short-term gross margin impact for the favorable shift to the cloud.

In addition, we will see higher operating expenses in Q4 compared to Q3 driven by higher sales commission expense and sales and marketing expense related to our cloud initiatives and modernizing our go-to-market motions.

Lastly, the benefits from our restructuring activities predominantly impact 2021 and will not be a tailwind to expenses and margins in Q4.

We continue to expect our full year tax rate to be approximately 23% and a full year share count of approximately 111 million weighted average shares.

Taking all this into account, we expect non-GAAP EPS in the $0.23 to $0.25 range.

In terms of ARR, we expect another quarter of strong incremental ARR growth and expect ARR to grow 8% or higher for the full year.

As in prior years, we anticipate providing guidance and commentary for 2021 when we report the results at the end of the year.

And with that, operator, we are ready to take questions.

(Operator Instructions) Your first question comes from Katy Huberty from Morgan Stanley.

Mark, can you help us reconcile the really strong third quarter results, Steve's bullish comments on Vantage cloud adoption, your comments about accelerating cloud adoption in the fourth quarter with the guidance that doesn't necessarily imply sort of normal fourth quarter strong seasonality?

Is there anything in terms of timing of when deals are closing that's impacting the recurring revenue guidance for the fourth quarter?

And then I have a quick follow-up.

Yes.

Well, first of all, we're taking a conservative approach just as we did in Q2 and Q3 when we laid it out, not expecting much in terms of contribution from whatever business we closed in Q4.

Not all the ARR that exists at the end of Q3 starts to flow to revenue on October 1 because start dates can be out further.

Clearly, we're seeing lots of momentum in the cloud, and we're seeing interest in our consumption model in the cloud, and you start work -- when you have consumption deals, you don't take revenue ratably from the AR perspective, you take it as it's consumed, and that can vary as well.

So overall, it's a conservative posture we're taking, and we are bullish about what we see in our business for Q4.

And Mark, coming into this year, you viewed 2020 as the year of inflection for really all financial metrics, and we certainly saw it in free cash flow, which has been incredibly strong this year.

But when you think about revenue, EPS and free cash flow growth, do you think that we could see the trifecta in 2021?

Obviously, understanding that you're not guiding to specific numbers yet.

Yes.

We've said all along, we thought sort of '19 becomes the bottom across a lot of our metrics, certainly for free cash flow, for EPS.

Given the midpoint of our Q4 guide, that puts our full year at $1.19, well ahead of the prior year's $1.05.

And that includes probably $0.07 -- $0.06, $0.07 of FX headwind compared to the $1.05 in the prior year, even at $1.19.

So yes, we believe we're focused on profitable growth, growing the top line as well as growing the margin profile of the business, and we'll lay that out on our Q4 call.

Congrats on the quarter.

Yes.

Thank you.

Your next question comes from Wamsi Mohan from Bank of America.

Mark, your EPS guide for the fourth quarter suggests maybe about $10 million or so more expense than what we talked previously.

And you alluded to some of the things including incremental marketing effort that Steve mentioned to address misperceptions about cloud performance and cost.

Is this something that you view as a run rate expense that we should be annualizing into calendar '21?

I know you also said that there was $80 million, $90 million of savings that should come through.

So just trying to think through the moving pieces over here, whether or not this incremental sales and marketing expense is going to continue into 2021?

And I have a follow-up.

Yes.

So a couple of things, Wamsi.

As I mentioned in my prepared remarks, Q3 EPS came in much higher than we anticipated.

Some of that was a shift out of expense out of Q3 to Q4, clearly, some things that we were thinking were going to happen in Q3 that have now been sort of scheduled into Q4.

That's having an impact on the EPS delta.

We had better-than-expected gross margins.

We're not expecting the gross margins at 61% in Q4.

So both of those things are reflected in why the EPS guide is where it is not -- we do not expect that the Q4 number annualized to be the run rate going forward, clearly, where -- there are some onetime things that were going in Q4 that won't persist across next year.

And as you had rightly pointed out, given the actions we've taken to date, it potentially has savings next year prior to any of our reinvestments and what we're doing.

But -- and we'll weigh all that out when we get to our Q4 call.

Okay.

And Steve, these increased investments for Cloud-First, how will you be measuring the success of these investments?

And should investors expect incremental disclosure on what's happening in terms of new customer adds, in terms of maybe cloud-specific ARR or any other metrics or TCV or some sort of metrics that you might be able to share down the road here?

Wamsi, I hope you're doing well.

Yes, we are looking at our cloud investments as really accelerating our existing customers' adoption of cloud, but also giving us the capability to win net new workloads in the cloud with the customer base.

That's going to manifest in a strong cloud recurring revenue growth.

And that's really the key metrics that we're looking at.

Mark and I have been having a discussion around incremental disclosures about our cloud business.

We don't have anything planned in the short term.

But I think you should stick with us.

And as we go through next year, we'll certainly -- that's a consideration for us.

And your last question comes from Raimo Lenschow from Barclays.

This is Pree Gadey for Raimo Lenschow.

Congrats on the quarter, first of all.

With, I guess, cloud being a little bit more of a focus going forward, with cloud in there, I feel like it's muddy -- the ARR number, the bookings numbers, billings.

So what's, I guess, the best way to view how Teradata is doing going forward, like a normalized metric?

Well, I'll take the first part of this, and then Steve can add to it.

So I mean we clearly are looking at how much of our ARR is moving and shifting to the cloud, whether that's from existing customers, moving workload to the cloud, net new customers and so forth.

So clearly, it's going to manifest itself in what's happening in our ARR metric, which we already talk about every quarter.

At the end of the year, we break down the components of what represents our ARR balance across subscription, managed services, maintenance, upgrade rates, et cetera.

And as Steve alluded to, we'll look to see whether we start to augment some of those metrics with specific cloud metrics as components of that at some point across 2021, but we are seeing strong momentum from our customer base and prospects as to what we're doing in the cloud and what we're capable to do there at scale versus the native-only -- the native cloud-only providers.

And so we're excited about how things are lining up.

Stay tuned, and we'll lay out 2021 when we get through Q4.

All right.

Great.

Yes.

I look forward to seeing those cloud metrics.

I guess staying on the cloud topic, if you could give us a little bit more color on what type of customers you're seeing moving to the cloud and how the consumption model might be changing the way customers are using Teradata?

And kind of finally, are you picking up new customers that you never would have before?

Or is this mainly on-premise Teradata customers that are shifting some workloads to the cloud as well?

Pree, I'll take that.

We're seeing all of the elements that you just outlined.

And I think you saw in some of my opening comments that we're seeing tremendous success with our existing customers.

So our cloud wins are really a mix of on-prem migrations as well as net new workloads.

We're being really aggressive on that migration front because we want to make sure that we take customers on the cloud journey.

Our consumption pricing model has essentially given us a lot less friction in moving clouds -- moving customers to the cloud.

So we see the opportunity of both our technology advances and our commercial models as providing opportunities for both existing and new customers to really try out Teradata in the cloud, experience the real differentiating capabilities in terms of us operating with performance at scale and delivering real business advantage.

One of the things that Teradata is fantastic at, whether it's on-prem or in the cloud, is our query optimization and workload management.

What that means is that our customers that are using Teradata, either in public cloud environments or on-prem, can make sure that their critical workloads are executing at the most effective and efficient cost point, yes.

So having that consumption pricing option, the really affordable, pay-as-you-go usage-based capability really does give us that incremental capability to get new customers with us.

And as you heard in the prepared remarks, I think we've got some good examples of customers that are taking advantage of that.

There are no further questions at this time.

I turn the call back over to Steve McMillan.

Thank you very much, operator, and thank you for all of the questions.

I'm really proud of the Teradata team for delivering a strong financial performance in the quarter and a solid execution across the company.

Customers are increasingly adopting our cloud data analytics platform, and we're going to keep up the momentum there.

We made good progress in our transformation and optimizing our business model for our ongoing future success.

And we all plan to stay focused on the task at hand and finish the year on a strong note.

So thanks, everyone.

Ladies and gentlemen, this concludes today's conference call.

Thank you for participating.

You may now disconnect.