Spire Inc (SR) 2018 Q1 法說會逐字稿

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  • Operator

  • Good morning, ladies and gentlemen, and welcome to the Spire First Quarter Earnings Conference Call. (Operator Instructions) Please note, this event is being recorded.

  • At this time, I would like to turn the conference over to Scott Dudley, Managing Director of Investor Relations. Please go ahead, sir.

  • Scott Dudley, Jr.

  • Good morning, and welcome to Spire's earnings call for the first quarter of fiscal 2018. We issued our news release this morning, and you may access it on our website at spireenergy.com, under Newsroom. There's also a slide presentation that accompanies our Webcast today, and you may download it from either the Webcast site, or from our website under Investors, and then Events and Presentations.

  • Presenting on the call today are Suzanne Sitherwood, President and CEO; Steve Lindsey, Executive Vice President and Chief Operating Officer of Distribution Operations; and Steve Rasche, Executive Vice President and CFO. Also in the room with us is Mike Geiselhart, Senior Vice President of Strategy and Corporate Development.

  • Before we begin, let me cover our safe harbor statement and use of non-GAAP earnings measures. Today's call, including responses to questions, may contain forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Although our forward-looking statements are based on reasonable assumptions, there are various uncertainties and risk factors described in our quarterly and annual filings with the SEC, that may cause future performance or results to be different than those anticipated. In our comments, we will be discussing net economic earnings and contribution margin, which are non-GAAP measures used by management when evaluating our performance and results. Net economic earnings exclude from net income, fair value accounting and timing adjustments associated with energy-related transactions as well as acquisition, divestiture and restructuring activities.

  • Beginning in the first quarter of fiscal 2018, we also exclude the earnings impact of the recently enacted Federal Tax Cuts and Jobs Act. A full explanation of the adjustments and a reconciliation of non-GAAP measures to their GAAP counterparts are contained in our news release.

  • So with that, I will turn the call over to Suzanne.

  • Suzanne Sitherwood - President & CEO

  • Thank you, Scott, and a warm welcome to all who are joining us this morning for our first quarter update. As you know, we are on a journey to transform our company. Indeed, our continued transition over the past few months involve bringing all of our gas companies together under one name and one mission. Now we are Spire and we're redefining what it means to serve. While much has changed throughout our journey, one thing hasn't. We've stayed focused on consistently delivering on our promises. We have done this by staying true to our 4 strategic priorities and delivering the best service to our customers. We are growing organically by expanding our service to more homes and businesses, while delivering that service even more efficiently. We are investing in infrastructure to upgrade our technology platforms and distribution systems, and to upgrade our supply options by bringing a strategic interstate pipeline to the St. Louis region.

  • We are delivering on our long-term growth targets through the successful acquisition and integration of our Gas Utilities, and we're leveraging our technology platforms by launching a whole new customer-experience approach including mobile options. Driven by technology and innovation, our new approach makes it easier for residential customers and business owners to connect with us and manage their needs on the go. We are delivering on our promises, so I must begin by thanking our Spire employees for their dedication, teamwork and commitment to safety and excellence. I am so proud of every single one of our 3,300 employees. They are committed to doing their very best every day, because they care deeply about people and believe in doing things right. They are the reason we're able to deliver on our promises and build momentum year-over-year. So thank you to our team. I'm proud to work beside you.

  • Earlier today, we reported solid fiscal 2018 first quarter net economic earnings of $1.19 per share, which excludes the impact of tax reform. Steve Rasche, as he usually does, will review our first quarter results in more detail. And much like other CFOs around the country are doing, as a result of the historic tax law changes, Steve will provide our current thinking as it relates to tax reform.

  • I'd like to point out that our improved earnings reflect a return to more normal weather usage compared to last year's warmer-than-normal weather usage. It also reflects our continuing commitment to organic growth and investment in our business. When it comes to this year's colder temperatures, our customers are feeling the impact. So as we navigate through the winter, we're focused on utilizing our communication platforms to better educate our customers about what to expect in their bills, how to reduce energy consumption and what payment options are available to balance spikes in usage.

  • Also, we have been working to identify opportunities in natural gas pipelines and storage that bring long-term benefits to customers. That work led to our decision to pursue the Spire STL Pipeline project, which is still on target to be operational mid-fiscal year 2019.

  • We made additional progress on our storage strategy with the recent acquisition of a facility. I'll share more about that in a moment.

  • Regarding the Spire STL Pipeline, we expect to receive a certificate of public convenience and necessity from FERC early this year. While the FERC has recently asked a number of pipeline operators and project sponsors to update their cost of service, and applicable rates to show the impact of tax reform, we don't believe this request will slow down the process. We provided our response to FERC late last week. Once we have FERC approval, we can complete the process of acquiring land rights and move into the construction phase. Our expected capital investment in the project remains $190 million to $210 million, including about $70 million this fiscal year. Meanwhile, we are continuing to evaluate opportunities on the western side of Missouri and Alabama. More to come as we continue to analyze prospects.

  • Regarding storage, Spire operates natural gas storage in Missouri East and liquefied natural gas storage in Alabama. I'm pleased to tell you that we recently expanded our storage opportunities and are leveraging our natural gas expertise to bring value to customers and shareholders.

  • In December, we acquired a majority interest in Ryckman Creek Resources, a storage facility in Wyoming, with a certificated capacity of 35 Bcf of working gas. We believe this gas storage facility has great growth potential based on its interconnection with 5 interstate pipelines serving multiple regions. It's access-direct and its location near the liquid (inaudible) hub. We see opportunity to serve multiple geographic regions and customer groups, including utilities, power generators and pipeline. Our initial investment to purchase the facility was $26 million and we plan to invest about $15 million over the next few years to enhance operating and financial performance. We'll do this by upgrading its infrastructure and management team with support from our shared services organization. We expect that this storage facility to be modestly accretive starting in fiscal 2019, after we complete our integration and upgrade work in 2018. For that reason, we will be excluding the storage facility results from our 2018 net economic earnings per share.

  • Shifting to our dividend. Following our annual shareholders meeting last week, the Spire board declared the quarterly dividend of $0.5625 per share, which is payable April 3. As we noted last quarter, the Spire board raised the dividend by 7.1% again for 2018, to an annualized rate of $2.25 per share. We are proud of our long history of delivering value to our investors. This year marks 15 years of consecutive increases and 73 years of continuous payments. We remain well within our conservative payout target while providing attractive dividend yield.

  • Before I turn the call over to Steve Lindsey to review our gas company results, I'd like to share my thoughts regarding yesterday's deliberation by the Missouri Public Service Commission. While the case has not been decided, I am very disappointed and concerned over the tenure and direction of recent commissioned discussions. This includes the adoption of several positions that run contrary to good business practices, and positions that serve to weaken customer protections.

  • Spire has long been aware that Missouri has an unfavorable antigrowth regulatory environment. A recent national ranking of state regulatory environments places only 4 states below Missouri. In the current case before the Missouri Public Service Commission, Spire has made a number of proposals that will improve Missouri's ranking and bring significant benefits to our customers. In the rate case, Spire has also detailed the extraordinary work that has gone into making the company, with the aim of providing better, more cost-efficient service to our customers. As a result of this growth and more efficient operations, Spire's natural gas bills in Missouri are actually lower than they were a decade ago. Spire has not increased its base rate for Missouri customers in 8 years for anything other than safety-related and mandate public improvement. Unfortunately, due to deliberations in this case, the Commission has signaled that it will reject many of the company's proposals and positions that run contrary to fair and balanced outcome for our customers and shareholders. Steve and Steve will explain more about this in their remarks.

  • Now I'd like to pass the call to Steve Lindsey.

  • Steven L. Lindsey - Executive VP & COO of Distribution Operations

  • Thank you, Suzanne, and good morning to everyone. I also want to acknowledge the outstanding efforts of our employees who continue to demonstrate dedication to their jobs and a commitment to delivering great service to our customers while keeping themselves and our community safe. Especially proud of how our employees performed at a high level when it really counts, during the winter heating season. As Suzanne noted, our financial results benefited from the return of more natural weather compared to the past 2 years.

  • Our financial results were also supported by strong operational performance that built upon the positive momentum coming out of last year. Our results reflect that our Gas Utilities continue to grow in terms of customers and margins, driven by our organic growth initiatives and further investment in infrastructure upgrades, new business and technology.

  • In the first quarter, our pipeline replacement spend was $55 million across our 3-state footprint. We also increased the capital we put towards new business to over $22 million, which is 66% higher than the same period last year.

  • In Missouri alone, new meter growth is 15% higher than last year. Importance of these investments really are twofold. First, we get recovery of our pipeline upgrade spend with minimal regulatory lag; and second, our investments in our system and new business support customer additions that drive additional margin and earnings. Our pipeline upgrades also result in lower maintenance costs and improved reliability in the future. After the very strong year we had operationally in fiscal 2017, our goal for this year is to keep that performance going and improve even further. I'm pleased to say that even with the demands placed on our system and our employees during the cold winter, we're tracking well against our performance targets for the year.

  • At Spire, everything starts with safety and we never stop working to further reduce employee injuries and improve our driving performance, and this quarter showed that continuous improvement.

  • Another key area for us is the performance of our distribution system, particularly in managing the O&M activities across all of our companies. We continue to build on last year's success in both reducing the number of leaks on our system and responding to them quicker. Last year, we made significant investments in technology, systems and processes that support our customer service. We're seeing the benefits of our efforts as we continue to raise the bar on how we care for the homes and businesses that we serve.

  • For example, in Alabama, Spire recently received the 2017 J.D. Power Business Award for Customer Service Excellence for Gas Utilities. In fact, they had the highest store in the entire nation adding another national championship trophy to the state of Alabama.

  • Let me turn now to the Missouri legislative and regulatory matters, starting with the legislative side.

  • With the start of a new Missouri legislative session in January, we have once again filed to put forth legislation to improve the regulatory construct in the state. Senate Bill 730, the Rate Case Modernization Act, similar to a bill we helped get introduced last year, seeks to streamline and modernize the rate setting process. The bill includes a rate stabilization mechanism to protect our customers from the impact of weather variations and other usage variables such as conservation and energy efficiency. The bill also proposes annual reviews to support rate stability. Not only is the approach more timely, it is also streamlined to ensure balanced outcomes can be achieved with less investment of time and money compared to the current process. It also endorses concepts such as performance-based incentives and accountability for cost management. The Senate Bill was voted out of committee last week. Meanwhile, there is similar legislation in the house, HB 1878 that is currently in committee. In Alabama, we're supporting legislation aimed at damage prevention. The "One Call" legislation would establish a standard for locating utilities prior to excavation work. Alabama is currently deemed inadequate by the Pipeline and Hazardous Material Safety Administration, or PHMSA, largely due to the lack of a standardized program that exists in other states.

  • Now let me update you on regulatory matters. As I'm sure most of you probably know, one of the numbers that the Missouri Public Service Commission had at term that ended in December. In early January, Governor Eric Greitens appointed Republican State Senator Ryan Silvey to fill the seat vacated by Democrat Stephen Stoll. In making the appointment, the Governor said that Senator Silvey understands the need for all Missourians to have access to reliable and affordable energy. He certainly brings an understanding of issues facing Spire and other utilities in the state, given his former role as Chairman of the Senate Committee dealing with energy and environment.

  • Turning to our Missouri rate cases, they're close to being concluded. We filed last April, seeking a modest increase of about $59 million, exclusive of the amounts we're currently collecting through the Infrastructure System Replacement Surcharge, or ISRS. Our requests reflect the benefits of our growth, including the significant investments we have made in infrastructure and technology that have produced many benefits. Our requests also include cost savings and synergies for our Missouri customers totaling nearly $70 million, which would not have been possible had we not chosen to grow with a gas company in Missouri, as well as Alabama and Mississippi. The Missouri Commission is now deliberating the issues in the case, including yesterday's agenda meeting. As Suzanne mentioned, we're very concerned over the direction of those discussions. We strongly believe that an appropriate level of equity capitalization and fair and reasonable recovery of our costs are necessary to properly recognize the investments we have made to deliver cost savings and better service to our customers. We also believe that the rate-setting process should provide the proper incentive to encourage us to continue our efforts that deliver benefits to these -- to our customers.

  • Based on the 11-month schedule for cases to be adjudicated in Missouri, new rate should go into effect in March, 30 days after the final order. That would point to a commission decision in mid-February. We're working with utility commissions across Alabama, Mississippi and Missouri to determine how to return the benefit of tax reform to our customers. Within the last 2 weeks, at the request of the Missouri PSC, Spire and commission staff filed their analysis and recommendation regarding the adjustment needed to reflect in rates and the benefit to the recently enacted Tax Cuts and Jobs Act. A hearing has been scheduled for February 5. At this time, it has not been determined how, or if, this review will impact -- of the impact of tax reform will be addressed within our pending rate case, which examines all of our cost-of-service factors.

  • With that, let me turn call over to Steve Rasche for a financial update.

  • Steven P. Rasche - CFO & Executive VP

  • Thanks, Steve, and good morning, everyone. Before we dive into the financial results, let me make a quick observation on tax reform. Our debt financials for the quarter, like almost every company in the U.S ., will include impacts from the legislation that was passed just 41 days ago. I will touch on those impacts for our company and our plan going forward in just a minute. We'll focus our time this morning and going forward, on the net economic earnings of our businesses, which excludes the generally noncash, pardon the term, noise, caused by the GAAP treatment of this significant legislation.

  • With that said, let's start with a review of operating results for the first quarter of fiscal 2018. Starting on Slide 12. I believe the headline tells it all. Without the impacts of tax reform, the return of near-normal weather patterns is the real driver of our performance this quarter. Net economic earnings were just under $58 million, reflecting heating degree days so far this fiscal year that were just below normal across all utilities, a stark contrast to the warmer weather over the last 2 years. We see that translated to stronger operating results across our businesses.

  • Gas Utility posted net economic earnings of $59.5 million, up $7.7 million from last year. Gas Marketing earnings were $3.6 million, up $2.2 million from last year. And other corporate expenses were down slightly at $5.2 million.

  • Net economic earnings were $1.19 per diluted share, which reflects the higher earnings, offset in part by a 6% increase in shares from our April 2017 equity unit conversion.

  • Let's look at the income statement on the next slide. Total operating revenues of $562 million were 13% higher than last year on a combination of higher weather-related demand and higher utility commodity costs. Contribution margin was up as well, consistent with the colder weather this quarter. Our Gas Utilities margins grew 12%, or $12 million or 5%, driven by demand in Missouri, where we do have some weather sensitivity of roughly $8 million, higher ISRS revenues of $3.4 million and customer growth in other revenues. All continuing the positive trends we saw last year and the tangible results met the commitments to investing in our communities and strengthening our relationship with customers.

  • I should also note that the margin gains in our Southeast utilities were modest, given the regulatory mechanisms in place in Alabama. And as you know, we prefer this rate design, because it protects our customers and the utility from weather volatility.

  • Turning to Gas Marketing, margins increased by $6.4 million, as weather-driven volatility returned to the natural gas market, and we were able to use our storage resources and expertise to create value.

  • Looking at operating expenses, utility fuel costs were up $47 million reflecting higher demand. Other operation and maintenance expenses were down $1.5 million, as higher weather-sensitive employee and bad debt expenses were more than offset by lower maintenance cost.

  • Depreciation and amortization was higher, consistent with our higher capital investments over the last year, and taxes other than income were driven by higher volumes. Gas Marketing operating expenses were down marginally, as average commodity costs declined, while volumes rose. And finally, interest expense was higher by $2.3 million, largely due to the $170 million in Spire Missouri debt, issued in September, as well as higher short-term interest rates.

  • We continue to grow our cash flow and maintain a strong financial position as outlined here on Slide 15. First quarter EBITDA was up 16% from last year to $148 million. Short-term liquidity was also very solid, with roughly 40% of our credit facilities unused and available in what is generally the high watermark for our working capital levels. Our long-term equity capitalization also strengthened this quarter, and we stand at just under 50% equity capitalization, up nearly 70 basis points from last quarter. That capitalization includes the first tranche of our Alabama senior notes, shown here on this slide. By the way, we completed the second tranche in mid-January.

  • Now let's turn back to tax reform. As most of you know, tax reform is a truly significant piece of legislation. It puts the U.S. in a more competitively strong position globally and we are very bullish on its beneficial impacts to our commercial, industrial and residential customers.

  • There's been a lot of press about companies increasing their investment in the U.S., increasing wages and paying bonuses as they figure out how to share the benefit of lower taxes. And it's true, all companies will benefit from lower taxes.

  • Beginning in 2018, and that reduction is from 35% to 21%. Regulated entities are a bit of a different animal, since income tax expense, like all costs we incur to serve our customers, are recovered as part of our customer bill. That's why the tax reform legislation includes protections for regulated businesses like utilities to ensure that we can keep our rates low, continue to invest, and have access to low-cost capital. As a result, we expect to pass the benefits of tax reform to our customers.

  • Looking quickly at the impacts in the first quarter of our financial results. As I mentioned at the outset, our GAAP results included an initial assessment our -- of tax reform impacts principally changes in our effective tax rate, and the remeasurement of legacy deferred tax assets and liabilities. Our GAAP income statement for the quarter includes a nearly $60 million benefit, as in lowered GAAP tax expense, reflecting the remeasurement of our nonutility deferred tax liabilities. Essentially, a reduction in the future tax payments due to lower tax rate going forward. This is a largely noncash adjustment and, as I noted earlier, we have removed it from net economic earnings to provide clarity into the true run rate earnings of our business, and to provide better comparability with last year. We are also evaluating the business impacts of tax reform. At this point, we don't see any changes to our operating or capital plans for 2018, assuming we receive fair and balanced regulatory treatment for tax reform, as has been the traditional approach across our footprint. To that point, as Steve mentioned, we're already working with the commissions on how to get tax reform benefits to our customers.

  • A couple of other key points based upon our initial assessment. While tax reform did not have a material impact on our cash flows for this quarter, we do anticipate it will reduce our cash flows in the future as we lower our customer's bills, thus impacting our credit metrics. This is part of our discussion with the regulators on how to share benefits back to our customers.

  • Secondly, while interest is fully deductible inside our regulated operations, the new legislation does impose limits on other interest expense. Based on our initial investment, we do not anticipate this to have a material impact on our go-forward earnings, given our largely regulated business mix and our strongly growing nonregulated earnings.

  • Looking beyond 2018, we are assessing the impacts and opportunities provided by tax reform. First and foremost, we see an environmental growth, both from the economic boost and higher business investment, as well as the elimination of bonus depreciation, which would help us grow rate base. We are evaluating those opportunities while striking the right balance in terms of capital structure, debt and equity financing activities and credit metrics. We have many tools to consider, and will update you as we learn more and get additional guidance both at the federal level and we reach agreement on regulatory treatment at the state level.

  • Turning to Slide 18. As Steve mentioned, capital spend for the quarter was higher by 24%, with growth coming from infrastructure upgrades, new business and Spire STL Pipeline. We remain on track with our current plan, and our fiscal year 2018 CapEx target of $490 million is up $5 million, reflecting the additional spend anticipated from our storage acquisition.

  • Our 5-year capital spending plan remains at $2.3 billion, focused on infrastructure, investments in our utility level, across our footprint and backed by upgrade programs of roughly 20 years in length. We're -- as a remainder, fully 80% of our spend is expected to be covered with minimal regulatory lag or contribute to earnings.

  • And also a quick follow-up comment about our Missouri rate cases. We agreed upfront to ring fence each of our utilities, protect our customers and to make sure that their bill reflects only the cost in capital required to operate inside their state. And at the same time to ensure that everybody benefits from our growth. In all areas, we have, and continue, to operate in a responsible way as we transform our businesses to serve our customers better, including how we manage the capital needs and costs of our Missouri customers. It is very disappointing for the Missouri commission to not only ignore much of what we've done so far, but then to adopt positions that are not fair, reasonable or sustainable. As Suzanne mentioned, Missouri is currently ranked as one of the most challenging regulatory environments by RRA, and positions like those taken yesterday, just reinforce the view that Missouri is a difficult place to operate. As the CFO, I expect the commissions' positions, if carried through, to put significant pressure on the credit ratings for our Missouri utilities, which could increase our financing costs to customers. Obviously, we disagree with that direction and outcome. Needless to say, we have a lot of complex moving parts in our outlook going forward. We continue to evaluate the opportunities and the challenges of tax reform and our Missouri rate proceedings. Rest assured, all of us at Spire remain committed to growing our business, investing back in our communities and doing so in a fair and balanced way for the benefit of all of our stakeholders. We'll update you on our progress including our investment targets and guidance in our second quarter earnings call.

  • Let me turn it back over to you, Suzanne.

  • Suzanne Sitherwood - President & CEO

  • Thank you, Steve and Steve. I'd like to close with this thought. Several years ago, we made the decision to remake this company with the aim of providing better, more cost-effective service to our customers. The result of those efforts have been nothing short of transformational is a testament to the 3,300 dedicated employees that we've been able to deliver and even exceed those ambitious goals. On behalf of our employees, customers, communities and shareholders, rest assured that Spire will continue to pursue all means at its disposal to ensure the final resolution in the Missouri rate case, balances interest and that Spire remains positioned to bring savings and quality of service to our customers.

  • Now we're ready to take your questions.

  • Operator

  • (Operator Instructions) The first question will come from Michael Weinstein of Crédit Suisse.

  • Michael Weinstein - United States Utilities Analyst

  • Maybe you could talk a little bit about the legislation that's being proposed, Senate Bill 730. How that might improve things on the ground for you guys going forward and what the rate case schedule would look like under the new law, if passed and also, how things might be different this year from last year and the year before that?

  • Suzanne Sitherwood - President & CEO

  • It seems, Michael, what you've articulated is really 2 parallel path. We have our, obviously, current rate case and as we've talked about this morning, it's an 11-month process and it is meant -- it was mentioned that, that rate case most likely will get the order midmonth and then the rates go effect in March. If we are not satisfied with the outcome of the case just by matter of the process itself, we have the opportunity to seek reconsideration on specific aspects of the case and obviously, we would pursue that. And without a positive outcome from that step, then we have the opportunity to actually take the facts before a judge. So that's the runway with this specific case. Relative to the legislation, Steve did mention some of that process of what our alternative even go back through...

  • Steven L. Lindsey - Executive VP & COO of Distribution Operations

  • Thanks for the question, Michael. Couple of pieces that would really be I would call transformational for our regulatory mechanisms here are that it would introduce rate stabilization, which would help protect the customers and the utility during big weather variations. The other part is that you would have annual reviews and so you would have a much more timely regulatory update period and process. And there are other things that are being introduced such as performance-based incentives and you can think of those as the company delivering on our expectations to our customers. And then some other measures relative to cost management, so we feel very good that this is a comprehensive way to think about regulation. And it's a lot of the same type approaches that we currently have in Alabama, which we feel is very fair to customers as well as the utility to create a very balanced approach.

  • Michael Weinstein - United States Utilities Analyst

  • And it sounds like, the legislation passes that, that this would -- yes, we are having pretty tough time right now in this current rate case, but with the -- I mean, would it be fair to say that under the new legislation you have, I guess, an initial rate case of sets rates and then there was an annual review after that. But, I think, is that the end of rate cases as we know them under the new law?

  • Steven L. Lindsey - Executive VP & COO of Distribution Operations

  • Well, I think, what you do is exactly like you mentioned. You have a base case to establish things such as ROE and those type of things. And again they get reviewed on an annual basis, which is much more frequent than the current process. So I think in describing, would that be the end of rate cases as you know them, I wouldn't say that in totality, but you just have a different frequency of those and then again, you would have a much more frequent update period than you do in the current regulatory process.

  • Suzanne Sitherwood - President & CEO

  • And I think the cadence, Michael is, when you have that "annual" review, there's information that's filed throughout the year. And there's a timing and cadence aspect to reviewing toward that year-end information and all the input elements, if you will, versus us taking months preparing a filing, filing that and going through that 11-month adjudicated case, which just by its nature as everyone on the phone knows puts you in a more sort of litigious environment. Just by the nature of the way those cases are versus working together throughout the year, have the review and then moving into the following year.

  • Steven L. Lindsey - Executive VP & COO of Distribution Operations

  • And the last piece of that to kind of piggyback on Suzanne's comments there is, we would file quarterly updates and then have an annual true-up period. So there would be much more frequent review of just our ongoing business results as we move forward.

  • Michael Weinstein - United States Utilities Analyst

  • Okay, just one last question. On FFO-to-debt metrics and other metrics that Moody's and S&P might be looking at, after-tax reform, what -- I think you mentioned that you expect weaker credit metrics as a result of tax reform going forward. Is there any way to quantify any of that? Or how that might affect things?

  • Steven P. Rasche - CFO & Executive VP

  • Michael, this is Steve. The other Steve, since there are 2 of us in the room. There's still a lot of negotiations and decisions that have to be made, especially about how those -- how the benefits of tax reform overall and again overall it's a great benefit, how those get shared back to our customers. Our plan, if you look at our 5-year plan and you look at our credit metrics, pretax reform showed improvement in all of our credit metrics and that's not just FFO-to-debt, that's also leverage and holdco and all the things that both Moody's and S&P look at. And all of that supported our current credit ratings and that's our goal overall.

  • We agree and I think it's been -- we've been clear from the start, the tax reform does impact our FFO. As I look at our numbers and again we still have some fairly big questions that if it impacts our FFO-to-debt on the order of magnitude of about 100 basis points that and we still show improvement going through the period. I'm confident that we are going to find the right combination of both regulatory relief and also the other tools that we and every public company has in our toolbox to make sure that we can get inside the metrics that make sense to support our current credit metrics. That's really our plan going forward and there's a lot of to be done in that assessment and a lot of it has to do with the negotiations that we need to undertake on the regulatory front, so we'll continue to monitor it and you can rest assure, we've had discussions with our rating agencies. They understand the process and we need to get through the rate case and then understand that and then we'll figure out, where are the other steps are moving forward.

  • Operator

  • The next question will come from Sarah Akers of Wells Fargo.

  • Sarah Elizabeth Akers - Senior Equity Analyst

  • I had a question on tax reform, outside of the regulated utility. Do you see an EPS hit from the lower tax shield on your unrecoverable interest expense from just going from the 35% to the 21%?

  • Steven P. Rasche - CFO & Executive VP

  • The short answer, Sarah, is no. Our perspective, as you know, the utilities broadly and regulated industries worked hard, while the legislation was being crafted to make sure that there would be protection for interest deductibility for regulated entities and we were successful in getting that in the final legislation. That's important, because of the amount that we're investing back into our communities and then the capital we need to do that. One of the outstanding questions in which we're waiting for guidance from the Treasury Department is to firm up the allocation methodology that will be used for interest, specifically holdco interest because that's really the question for us and a number of our peers.

  • If you use the long-standing allocations that have been in place for many years, which really focus on asset investments in our business or you look at the true nature of why we, and how we incurred our holdco debt, it all points to an location largely to our regulated entities where we'd get full deductibility. The other point that I would make and I mentioned it on the call in the prepared remarks, our nonregulated business continues to grow in terms of EBIT or EBITDA contribution and that limit changes over the life of the legislation. We are very comfortable that, that we'll be able to the extent that interest gets allocated outside of the regulated entity, that we'll be able to cover it with the earnings power of those businesses. So we don't really see an impact from the interest deductibility question from where we stand today.

  • Sarah Elizabeth Akers - Senior Equity Analyst

  • Even if it remains deductible, is there not a -- the lower tax shield on the loss? Does that not hit the bottom line?

  • Steven P. Rasche - CFO & Executive VP

  • There is a whole bunch of noncash items that do impact us and that's really the essence of the noncash charge that you saw. That's basically taking all of the tax benefits historically that we would have recorded, timing differences between what we pay currently and what we would have booked and writing those down. As we look at our cash flow overall and the metrics I just shared on the earlier question, really looked at it on an all-in basis. So we tend to look at the entire thing and its entire impact on cash flow. I don't see it as being a deterrent at all.

  • Sarah Elizabeth Akers - Senior Equity Analyst

  • Okay. And then on the gas storage acquisition, is that facility tied to your utility operations at all? And are there long-term contracts in place to provide earnings stability? Or what's the nature of that facility?

  • Suzanne Sitherwood - President & CEO

  • Yes, so the first part of your question, Sarah, no it is not part of the utility company. In terms of the second part, yes there is an existing customer base. And obviously, we've just taken the asset and we are working through meeting those customers and understanding those contracts and so forth. We also have Michael Geiselhart in the room and that was intentional, because this is the first time we've introduced this topic. So I thought he might be able to provide some color to everybody on the phone.

  • Michael C. Geiselhart - SVP of Strategy & Corporate Development

  • Yes, the facility will have a mix of customers it has historically. But we are in the process of kind of rebuilding some of those relationships given the financial difficulties that the asset had over the last couple of years. But we anticipate, it will have a pretty robust mix of different customer types. Obviously, marketers, but also LDC's and pipelines as well as, ultimately, some power customers as well.

  • Operator

  • The next question will come from Insoo Kim of RBC Capital Markets.

  • Insoo Kim - Analyst

  • Just piggybacking off of the questions in tax reform, I think, early last year you guys had talked about a potential $0.05 to $0.10 fixed earnings -- as the different items were being talked about and discussed in the legislature. With the final tax reform having been passed, how does that earnings hit at all change at all? And was that mostly due to the -- your assumption on nondeductibility at this point, which is now assumed to be nonimpact?

  • Steven P. Rasche - CFO & Executive VP

  • Yes, Insoo, this is Steve and you're spot on. A year ago, when we were on this call a year ago actually, when we were talking about tax reform and looking at a couple plans, which were really, one of them was an accumulation of tweets as I recall. We were looking at essentially the deductibility of interest and nickel-to-dime drag, was assuming the worst case scenario, which is no interest deductibility, holdco interest, no mitigation efforts -- it was the absolute worst case scenario. And one thing that we worked hard on along with our peer utilities, and there was a group of us, is we made sure, as the legislation was being formed and, ultimately, being voted on that we addressed a lot of the concerns, not only that we had about interest deductibility, but as an industry overall that we had. So now with the legislation in place and looking at, again, historic -- traditional methods of allocation interest across businesses, we think we've been shielded completely from an interest deductibility standpoint. So that nickel-to-dime really was appropriate last year. We worked hard as you expect that we would to try offset that and I think we've been successful in doing that.

  • Insoo Kim - Analyst

  • Got it. And then in terms of the, of course, in our industry people have been talking about whether there would be more equity in the industry as a result of tax reform for you guys ahead of your -- the adjustments that you'll make on the CapEx plan everything. Does any potential equity depend on how the loss of bonus appreciation impacts your rate base? And how you adjust CapEx going forward?

  • Steven P. Rasche - CFO & Executive VP

  • Yes, great question. And I know that this is an industry wide question that we are getting. And I think from an industry perspective, the expectations of additional equity over time versus the baseline before tax reform is fair and reasonable. We have been very clear. First of all bonus depreciation was going to sunset in the next couple of years anyway. So when we think about our capital spend program going out, think about our 5-year projection right now, we were already factoring in the sunset of bonus depreciation because that was the horizon that we had to deal with. We and gas utilities in particular, and that is where I draw a distinction between my electorate and integrated brethren, we have good regulatory recovery mechanisms. So bonus depreciation was never as big an issue for us as it would be for an integrated where the capital spend would have another digit so to speak and how they think about investing every year. So bonus depreciation not an issue whatsoever. And we have been also very clear that we do have plans over our horizon looking out over the next 4 to 5 years to issue equity. A lot of that was tied to the Spire STL Pipeline and so clearly, we conditioned ourselves and we've had very specific discussions as you would imagine with our rating agencies so they understand how we view our capital structure going forward, and we've always said, and that has not changed, that we believe that a balanced capital structure, a bit more equitized than levered, is the right spot for us to be, and we have a long history of being able to improve that capital structure over time and look at the movement that we were able to put in place this quarter. So we'll continue to work it, but I would agree with you that as we firm up our plan, the equity is part of that mix, tied specifically to Spire STL Pipeline and then as we look at our capital plan and we look at the opportunities perhaps to grow rate base at a little bit faster pace, because the bonus depreciation isn't going to be taken out especially in Missouri, which is a flow-through state. How that increasing growth pairs up against the cash flows that come from that growth versus the needs for financing both on the equity and debt side.

  • Operator

  • The next question will be from Shar Pourreza of Guggenheim partners.

  • Shar Pourreza

  • Steve, just real quick, when do you expect to get visibility or guidelines from the ISRS on the holdco allocation process?

  • Steven P. Rasche - CFO & Executive VP

  • Great question, Shar. If I had that crystal ball, I'd probably use it to predict interest rates or the market. I say that with a smile on the face. We referenced and I know that as an industry, we've been very clear about the guidance that we are looking forward from the Treasury Department and one of those is to confirm that the way in which we have allocated interest over many years is still the method that is appropriate and acceptable for income tax positions going forward. So I can't predict the pace at which the Treasury Department will get to the task of giving us the guidance. In the absence of guidance, we have to go back to past precedent and practice, which would be exactly where we landed right now. But it was one issue that we as an industry tried to get addressed in the legislation. In fact, we were successful on having it in the house version of the legislation. It did not make it on to the senate version and we weren't able to get it into the final version, which is probably the only thing of the list of about 15 things as an industry that we needed to get in the legislation that we didn't. And if I -- frankly if I had to choose one not to get in, that would be the one would be at the bottom of the list, because we got interest deductibility, and we got ability not to expense CapEx, we got the favorable treatment of individual dividends at the individual taxation level. Those are the key drivers for value on our business. So that -- if you have a better view, when the treasury will get to the task of what they need to get done, I'm all ears. Otherwise we'll continue to work it and I can tell you there's call later on this morning. There is a fairly large working group of folks in the industry that are working with the treasury to try to get them to issue those rules because each of our -- us have the same concern or issue about how we assess the impacts now in the absence of that final guidance.

  • Shar Pourreza

  • Got it and then lastly on your capital program and I do appreciate that you'll update us in the next quarter. But, obviously, from various meetings we've had with commissioners, there is a viewpoint that maybe the immediate tax savings aren't necessarily needed to give back immediately, right? So there's an opportunity to sort of keep some of the tax savings and potentially go ahead and subsidize some of your forward capital needs or spending programs within the state. So there's an opportunity to pull forward some CapEx and subsidize some of the spending. But on the other end, you are dealing with somewhat of a restrictive state in Missouri. So how are you sort of thinking about some of the pushes it takes, as you formulate your capital program? And then secondary, are you getting to the point, because Missouri has been restricted for some time? Are you getting the point where you may deploy capital elsewhere or withhold CapEx similar to what we've seen in states like Oklahoma?

  • Steven P. Rasche - CFO & Executive VP

  • You threw a couple of things out. Let me talk about the capital plan and then we'll address the second question about long-term deployment of capital. We look at our capital plan from a number of aspects and I think first and foremost, you have to remember, we've got to focus on hardening and making our system more reliable, more resilient and more cost-effective, and that is, by far and away the biggest reason for and the driver behind us with our infrastructure upgrade investments. And those programs have long tails. Again, we are at about the 20-year mark, when you look at them all in, that clearly we have the opportunity option to modify those programs in whole or on the edges, but I got to tell you that we are -- our first charter is to make sure that we are doing the right thing for our customers and I would be very surprised if we would to do anything in the heart of our plan, maybe on the margins we would, but that's part of what we have to manage every day and that's where you get into some of the other items that you've talked about how the benefits of tax reform are shared. I know you're right in some other jurisdictions, there are some discussions about using some of those benefits to create other incentives or other programs or to pay for capital spend. Those discussions are yet to be had in some of our jurisdictions. We'll have to cross that bridges. We come to it and really in reality, it's a Missouri discussion because in Alabama, we are in realtime ratemaking. So we choose to expand our (technical difficulty) in Alabama, as part of our plan, as part of our rates, and we adjust on a quarterly basis, which is why we like that progressive rate approach. With regard to deployment of capital, Steve?

  • Steven L. Lindsey - Executive VP & COO of Distribution Operations

  • Sure and thanks for the question. As Steve mentioned, these are 15 to 20-year programs we have relative to infrastructure upgrades and clearly safety and reliability are great focus on those. And reliability, I think, was a big part of why we had such a successful winter. If we would not have done the upgrades that we've been doing literally over the last 4 or 5 years, I think we would have some system challenges in terms of being able to hold up. So clearly a benefit there and I think a piece that doesn't often get as much credit is this reduces our ongoing and future O&M on our system, in terms of just maintaining the system. So I think all those benefits are there and the other piece I will touch on and that I mentioned is for this first quarter, for example, we had over $22 million in new business capital and that's really a direct result of our organic growth initiatives that we got going on in every part of our jurisdictions. So I think we're seeing the benefit of that and just to give you a scale for this first quarter, that amount of dollars that we dedicated to new business made up over 25% of our total capital plans. So again, that grows the business adds additional customers and meters. And that really helps from a long-term perspective, because you're spreading cost over a broader population. So I think, between those 2, we've got a long line of sight for many years in terms of the capital that Steve has characterized.

  • Suzanne Sitherwood - President & CEO

  • And I guess, my final point on this topic would be this and Steve and Steve are right. We're always going to do the right thing, always by our customers. And even the tax conversation, for example, in front of the Missouri's commission to tie that back in to that part of your question. We were outside the timing to file any adjustments into this case. We did not have to pay the tax conversation to the commission staff and the commissioners. Again, we'll do the right thing in terms of our customer and what the impacts are going to be on their bill. So and from a formality standpoint, it is not part of the true-up in terms of what we filed in this case. But again wanting to do the right thing, we are running those calculations, cause impact to customers and bringing that before the commission.

  • Operator

  • (Operator Instructions) The next question will come from Selman Akyol of Stifel.

  • Selman Akyol - MD

  • As it relates to sort of the nonregulated side of the business, you've now undertaken a pipeline, you undertaken some storage. So as you look at over the next 5 years, what sort of additional projects you are seeing you guys wanting to invest in?

  • Suzanne Sitherwood - President & CEO

  • Yes, so we won't be able to quantify it mathematically beyond the things that we've talked to you guys about. From a pipeline perspective like the Spire STL Pipeline and our conversation with you about we are evaluating a pipeline on the west side of the state or some alternative to bring supply and to that community as well. Of course the pipelines are FERC regulated, so we would consider them regulated. Obviously, they're not state regulated, like the utilities are. In terms of storage, obviously, that is unregulated, but supported by companies, as Mike mentioned, for a large part are regulated. So from an expansion on the storage side they like all things that we do have to make sense economically, have good strong customer base, as was asked in a earlier question. So we do see opportunities there and we will evaluate it consistent with bringing shareholder value as well as growth over the long haul. Mike, is there anything particular you want to add?

  • Michael C. Geiselhart - SVP of Strategy & Corporate Development

  • The only thing I would add is that we really developed a lot of capabilities internally in terms of evaluating potential projects, moving forward, Suzanne mentioned Missouri and Alabama. We've definitely made a lot of progress in evaluating potential projects there and may have something that will become public in the not-too-distant future. And then with regard to storage, we're in the process of building, what I think is, a pretty capable team with the Ryckman asset and we'd look to do more storage assets in the future if they make sense.

  • Selman Akyol - MD

  • Great, I appreciate the color. And then just a little bit follow-up on the previous item. You noted $22 million in new capital, how much of that was dedicated to Missouri?

  • Steven L. Lindsey - Executive VP & COO of Distribution Operations

  • It's actually been fairly evenly distributed amongst our 3 largest utilities. So I would roughly say, well above 1/2, probably upwards of 2/3 are pretty close to -- dedicated to the 2 Missouri utilities. And one other thing that we are experiencing, which is -- has been a positive is, we would characterize them as strategic main extensions. They're going into underserved areas and in some cases going to serve industrial customers that are demonstrating a need for natural gas. So that's another benefit that we're seeing, particularly in the west side of the state here in Missouri and in Alabama.

  • Operator

  • The next question will come from Chris Turnure of J.P. Morgan.

  • Christopher James Turnure - Analyst

  • The potential decision that we could hear in the next 3 weeks from the Missouri Commission on capital structure could have some pretty major implications for a company with your strategy. Could you maybe elaborate on those not just for 2018, but for a longer-term, I know that you are pivoting away from adding more holdco debt now to fund acquisitions, but if you're funding midstream projects, you have a lot of holdco debt to start building the pipeline. How do you think about that? And then also on top of that, were there any other elements of the verbal decisions yesterday, outside of capital structure that concerns you versus your ask?

  • Steven P. Rasche - CFO & Executive VP

  • Yes, let me start on the capital structure side. Ultimately, Chris, we want to do what is right for our customers. And I think we've been for -- well for my tenure and specially since the time that we agreed to the MGE stipulation back in 2013, we've been operating each utility in a ring-fenced fashion, which is the fairway to think about each utility, the capital that they need, they pay for and they have their own credit ratings and we manage those businesses and appropriately allocate the cost of service, so the customers are paying only the costs that are associated with operating that utility and the capital needed in order to invest and upgrade the systems, because we are doing that across our footprint. That base philosophy, which we believe is good, prudent practice is not going to change. And at the same time, we have consistently and I think you've seen that been able to draw down our holdco debt as we operate our business as well and as the nonregulated business grows. You had mention a couple of our investments in the nonregulated side. We clearly -- on the nonutility side, I think, you can draw that distinction. I think about pipelines a little bit differently than I think about purely nonregulated businesses because we are FERC regulated as Suzanne mentioned just a second ago. So I tend to think about those with a little different view and at the right time, which is generally when we get closer to the pipeline going into service, we will establish a capital structure at that entity so that we can ring-fence that entity at just as we do the utilities, we have to do that. So I think from that, if you look at some of the discussions that we've had in the meeting yesterday, we look through the corporate capital structure really violates what we think our very basic, prudent and sustainable operating principles for our utilities and all of our entities and the last thing we want to do is have our Missouri customers have their cost of service change because of some activity that we decided to do down in Alabama. And that is exactly where looking at the corporate capital structure puts our customers in Missouri. We think it's fundamentally flawed.

  • Suzanne Sitherwood - President & CEO

  • And to that point, Chris, and to your question what are we concerned about, and I mentioned that in some of my earlier comments, we are concerned about the tenor and we are also concerned about the ex parte. We don't have an opportunity to educate the commissioners on the very complex matters and the interdependency. We are also concerned, and we believe strongly in the regulatory environment that there needs to be fair and balanced outcomes. It's part of the responsibility of the commissioners and truthfully it's the responsibility of the staff as they look at these cases and they think about the cause-and-effect. Those things need to be considered and for a state to thrive and for customers to get the best outcomes, we must have a commission and the commission staff that understands fair and balanced outcomes over time and the reason and the need for ex parte rule, it'll allow an education process for commissioners as commissions come and go. So these again are very complex items. Just think about the series of calls or questions that we've had on this call today, they are not easy. And without an informed commission, it's very difficult to get again, fair and balanced outcomes. And so the tenor, again, we're concerned about. But that being said, we've been in this business collectively around the table decades and decades, if I added it up quick probably a century. It's our responsibility as a company to manage these processes. And we will, and as I mentioned earlier, they're still -- through the long timeline, to finish out this case and we're going remain working on this and doing our best job to make sure that we get a proper outcome for our customers as well as our shareholders.

  • Christopher James Turnure - Analyst

  • That makes sense. And then when you guys look at the Wyoming investment, I think you've indicated that there is a lot of potential upside there. Wondering kind of how we can think about what you bring to the table here given the geographic kind of distance? Is it a balance sheet where others were not willing to step in? Or some other market knowledge that you draw from your non-regulated business that you can bring to the table?

  • Michael C. Geiselhart - SVP of Strategy & Corporate Development

  • Yes, this is Mike. It's definitely an intellectual capital business. I think we were able to see some value in the opportunity that was overlooked by some other participants. It was also sort of a flawed process in many respects that I think caused the number of likely strategic acquirers to sort of pass over the assets. So we saw it as sort of a diamond in the rough, if you will. We feel like we understand the issues that have occurred in the past. How to correct them moving forward and we are able to buy the asset at a very attractive price, which gives us a lot of upside in the future. Our execution plan is very diversified from the standpoint we believe the asset can serve multiple customer types in the Rocky Mountain region. But has very interesting possibilities in terms of providing sort of out of state storage capability for the West Coast in particular California and Southern California. So we have some of those customer discussions already underway and have laid out a plan that we think is pretty interesting long-term.

  • Christopher James Turnure - Analyst

  • Did you say that was a flawed process?

  • Michael C. Geiselhart - SVP of Strategy & Corporate Development

  • Yes, I think the process itself -- the sale process and the bankruptcy process in particular were very poorly run. But I think more importantly, we understand kind of the operational history of the facility, sort of where the initial development of the geology went astray, if you will, and how to really turn that around with a really relatively modest CapEx given all the equipment and all the facilities that are already in place.

  • Operator

  • And the final question this morning will come from Joe Zhou of Avon Capital Advisers.

  • Andrew Levi

  • It's Andy Levi for Joe Zhou. Just a couple of questions. First, just an update on the enabled pipeline. You guys are leaving the system and the FERC procedures. Can you just give us an update of exactly where we are? And what Enable is trying to do to stop this at this point? Or is that trade left and there's nothing they can do?

  • Michael C. Geiselhart - SVP of Strategy & Corporate Development

  • Yes, this is Mike again. Yes, we've had a sort of an interesting debate, you might say with Enable through the course of this development of the record in this case. The way we perceive it, frankly, is that Enable through the Mississippi River Transmission asset, has really had sort of almost a monopoly hold on our market for some period of time. And as we looked at our ability to access, in particular low-cost Marcellus supply, there really wasn't a good avenues through the existing pipeline connections into St. Louis to access that supply. And then we also had a concern with regard to earthquake resiliency, with the MRT system coming up and the crossing the New Madrid Fault. So both from a resiliency standpoint, physically as well as kind of a diversity into the market, we really needed a new pipeline build. And the project that we developed is certainly the most economic alternative to provide access to that gas. We've actually gone ahead and executed a long-term supply agreement and capacity agreement in REX zone 3 to support that new pipeline. So we're pretty excited about the benefits it can bring to customers in St. Louis and believe it's a very economical alternative to access those supplies. MRT, understandably would certainly like to have us remain with the same amount of capacity on their system, but that's frankly not in our customers interest.

  • Andrew Levi

  • But I'm just trying to understand the regulatory process around this. So basically, where do we stand in the regulatory process? And I assume they're trying still at FERC to prevent you from getting approval, is that the case? Or is that passed already?

  • Michael C. Geiselhart - SVP of Strategy & Corporate Development

  • Well, they are still making efforts to make their case, if you will, in front of FERC. The process is very near completion as we understand it right now, things tend to go pretty silent once projects are with the certificate staff at FERC. Our understanding is that the environmental process is done and that portion of the order is written. I think there's still some discussion that needs to occur. And frankly, a lot of the delay I think is really a function of having new commissioners that are still playing catch up on projects, including ours. So we're still optimistic and expect that we'll have an order in the relatively near future.

  • Andrew Levi

  • Okay, that's great. And then two other questions I have and then I'll let everybody go back to work. So just as far as the regulatory process yesterday, I guess, the punchline was really around the equity ratio and I guess, kind of, using the parent equity ratio going forward, versus, I guess, the 53.5% that you've been using for like the ISRS and things like that. So is that around 48% that we should be assuming if -- as far as the parent equity ratio, is that the way they're kind of looking at it? I know there was some adjustment for short-term debt?

  • Steven P. Rasche - CFO & Executive VP

  • Yes, Joe, this is Steve. It was a little unclear from the discussions because there were a number of commissioners who were voicing their opinion. That the indication was to go to the parent capital structure, I believe without short-term debt. I think we'll -- we've already talked about how we feel about that versus going with the OpCo cap structure. I think we feel strongly about that. I don't want to get out in front of the regulatory process and start talking nouns and numbers. I am focused more on what's sound and sustainable business practice and I don't believe that staying at the corporate capital structure is in the interest of our customers. So we leave it at that and there is no number put forward. They're still in the process of going through that case with deliberations.

  • Andrew Levi

  • I understand. Right, okay. And then just a follow-up on that issue. So is there any type of sensitivity that you can give us as 1% decline in your equity ratio? How we should kind of look at that earnings wise?

  • Steven P. Rasche - CFO & Executive VP

  • As you can appreciate, we know that in spades, but I think it would be inappropriate for us to have that discussion in public market until we are further in the process.

  • Andrew Levi

  • I understand. And then my last question is, I just noticed on your press release, you had -- I saw it in the fourth quarter release, but I didn't see it in the first quarter release. Just the reiteration of your 4% to 6% growth rate?

  • Steven P. Rasche - CFO & Executive VP

  • You're right. We omitted it from this quarter, because we are going to give a wholesome update looking 5 years out as we do every year in the April earnings call. I don't see anything right now that would cause us to move from that over the long-term. They are both pluses and minuses. I talk about a couple of them in my prepared remarks on the call. Tax reform, in many ways, actually hits the accelerator a little bit when you think about rate base growth. So we really have to get our arms around inside our utilities. Once we are little bit further along in the discussions with our regulators on the how that impacts our growth going forward on the rate base side and that's why we felt it was appropriate to step away from that this quarter. We are not walking away from our view that we need to grow, and we need to grow at a good rate and we'll update that and have very specific discussions on that when we get to our April earnings call.

  • Operator

  • And ladies and gentlemen, this will conclude our question-and-answer session. I would like to hand the conference back to Scott Dudley for his closing remarks.

  • Scott Dudley, Jr.

  • Well, thank you again everyone for joining us this morning. We will be around throughout the rest of the day for any follow-up questions. Look forward to speaking with you then. Take care.

  • Operator

  • Thank you. Ladies and gentlemen, the conference has now concluded. Thank you for attending today's presentation. At this time, you may disconnect your lines.