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Operator
Good day, ladies and gentlemen, and welcome to the SouthSouthside Bancshares Quarterly Investor Conference Call. At this time, all participants are in a listen-only mode. Later we will conduct a question-and-answer session and instructions will follow at that time. (Operator Instructions) As a reminder, this conference is being recorded.
I would now like to introduce your host for today's conference, Ms. Deborah Wilkinson, Executive Vice President of Investor Relations for SouthSouthside Bancshares. You may begin.
Deborah Wilkinson - EVP, IR
Thank you, [Vicky]. Good morning everyone and thank you for joining Southside Bancshares first quarterly earnings call. The purpose of our call is to discuss the Company's results for the quarter just ended and our outlook for upcoming quarters. A transcript of today's call will be posted on southside.com under Investor Relations tab.
During today's call and in other disclosures and presentations, I'll remind you that any forward-looking statements made are subject to risks and uncertainties. Factors that could materially change our current forward-looking assumptions are described in our earnings release and in our Form 10-K.
Joining me today to review Southside Bancshares' third quarter 2015 results are Sam Dawson, President and CEO, and Lee Gibson, Senior Executive Vice President and CFO.
Our agenda today is as follows. First, you'll hear Lee discuss an overview of financial results for the quarter, including loan growth, oil and gas exposure in our loan portfolio, an update on our securities portfolio and an update on efficiency and cost savings subsequent to our merger with OmniAmerican Bank in December of 2014. Then Sam will share his comments on the quarter.
I will now turn the call over to Lee.
Lee Gibson - Senior EVP & CFO
Thank you and good morning everyone. Welcome to Southside Bancshares third quarter 2015 earnings call. We had another successful quarter with net income of $11.8 million, a 93% increase over the same period in 2014. Net income for the nine months was $32.3 million, a 30% increase over the same period in 2014. Our diluted earnings per share increased 48% to $0.46 per share for the quarter ended September 30, 2015 compared to 2014.
During the third quarter, we reported loan growth of $59.3 million or 10.8% on an annualized basis. This is in line with our expectations for loan growth for the next several quarters. It's important to note that over 65% of this loan growth occurred in September and as a result, we expect to realize the full net interest income benefits of this third quarter loan growth during the fourth quarter.
We continue to experience roll-off from the acquired indirect auto loan portfolio, which decreased approximately $18 million during the third quarter. Since December 31, 2014, the balance of this portfolio has decreased 39% and was approximately $93 million at the end of the third quarter, and is declining at an average monthly rate of $6 million.
Because Southside is a Texas-based bank, we're continually asked about the oil and gas exposure in our loan portfolio. I can tell you that it is minimal and that it is our intention that it will remain minimal.
The direct oil and gas exposure at the end of the quarter was $33.5 million or 1.48% of the loan portfolio. Total direct and indirect oil and gas exposure at the end of the quarter was $61.1 million or 2.69% of the loan portfolio. At the end of the quarter, we did not have any oil and gas loans in non-accrual status. Loan loss provision expense during the quarter of $2.3 million was a little higher than we anticipated.
During the quarter, we renewed one purchased impaired credit that required an additional reserve of approximately $400,000. At renewal, this purchased impaired credit was restructured and is now reflected in non-performing assets, which is the reason for the increase in non-performing assets this quarter.
We also determined during the third quarter that a credit placed on non-accrual during the first quarter required an additional reserve of approximately $600,000. This combined with the reserves required with respect to $59 million of loan growth during the third quarter accounted for most of the provision expense.
Next, I'll provide a brief update on the securities portfolio. At the end of the quarter, the securities portfolio reflected a decrease of approximately $75 million from the prior quarter. The duration of the portfolio is 4.72 years, up just slightly from the prior quarter's duration of 4.69 years. The average balance during the quarter increased $52 million from the second quarter and the yield increased 1 basis point as premium amortization decreased approximately $280,000 during the third quarter due to decreased pre-payments.
During August and September, we sold approximately $75 million of CMOs where continued prepayment risk was a concern and book yield was near zero. We anticipate continuing to use a barbell approach for our purchases utilizing CMOs for the short end and US agency CMBS and Texas municipal securities for longer end.
Our net interest margin decreased 4 basis points on a linked quarter basis to 3.35% during the third quarter. We believe that since a large portion of our loan growth occurred in the latter part of the third quarter and our loan pipeline for fourth quarter looks very healthy, combined with the changes we made in the securities portfolio during the third quarter by selling very low yielding CMO securities, the margins should hold in the fourth quarter or may improve depending on loan growth.
A couple of comments on non-interest expense. During the third quarter, depreciation expense which is a part of occupancy expense, reflected a normalized level. During the second quarter, we made an adjustment of approximately $600,000 reducing occupancy expense and non-interest income to adjust for the depreciation expense associated with the basis step-up of the leased building we acquired in Fort Worth. This depreciation expense reduced that lease income.
In addition, during the third quarter, we converted all of our debit cards to another processor and incurred approximately $400,000 in unexpected losses during a short period of time. The issue that caused these losses was corrected during the quarter. This amount is reflected in other expense.
We are extremely pleased with the cost savings achieved as a result of the merger with OmniAmerican. Cost savings realized to-date of approximately 37.5% have exceeded our initial projection of 30% to 35%. We have also undertaken a project to identify other operational efficiencies, cost containment opportunities and non-interest income revenue generating opportunities which should be complete by the middle of 2016.
I will now turn the call over to Sam.
Sam Dawson - President & CEO
Thank you for joining us this morning. As Lee just outlined, we have good news to share this quarter. We're very pleased with the 10.8% annualized loan growth during the third quarter.
Our Fort Worth and Austin markets are doing exceptionally well and we continue to see strong quality loan demand from both of these markets. Our East Texas market continues to grow but at a more measured pace and loan demand there remains good.
With the pace of the indirect auto portfolio roll-off slowing and the rate at which the loans we have committed are now funding, we believe annualized double-digit loan growth could be sustainable well into 2016. Our third quarter loan growth was driven by $46.6 million increase in construction loans, $36.3 million increase in commercial real estate loans and $5.9 million increase in municipal loans.
Several of our construction loans have long-term leases from highly rated national tenants as collateral. The growth experienced in both construction and commercial real estate loans is diversified among our market areas.
Our merger with OmniAmerican was approved in December 2014, and our systems conversion was completed in March of this year. As with most bank mergers, we have made systems selections across the bank and through the hard work of our dedicated staff, it was a relatively smooth transition, completed only four months after closing date.
Basically, the merger transaction is complete and has gone far better than expected. Again, it was hard work by our North Texas and East Texas teams that have made the transition go so well. Not perfect, but I'll say close.
We knew there were significant synergies and a similar credit culture from the start. And through this integration process, a true partnership has emerged as we worked closely together and analyzed various expenses and the appropriate centralization of several functions. We continue to fine-tune processes to ensure quality customer service, as well as a focus on additional efficiency.
We are focused on loan growth with a long-term target of moving loans to comprise approximately 70% of balance sheet assets. It may well take three to five years to accomplish this, but we are beginning to see through progress.
The indirect automobile portfolio [we've acquired] in the recent acquisition of OmniAmerican continues to roll off and the total balance outstanding now is under $100 million. That roll-off clouds our actual loan growth numbers and obscures what we believe is solid loan growth, especially over the past several months. Our target loan growth remains 10% to 12% annually.
Fortunately, as Lee indicated earlier, our exposure to oil and oil-related industries is nominal. Neither the Austin nor the Fort Worth economies are centered in oil production and as a result, we have seen no deterioration in either market due to the current oil pricing downturn.
On the acquisition front, we anticipate beginning to look for opportunities in early 2016. Our focus market for an acquisition remains a triangle from Tyler to Fort Worth to Austin and back to Tyler. Our preferred target bank would be above $500 million in assets.
At this time we will conclude our prepared remarks and open the lines for your questions. Vicky, if you would open the lines, please?
Operator
(Operator Instructions) Kevin Fitzsimmons, Hovde Group.
Kevin Fitzsimmons - Analyst
I was trying to write down quickly, I just want to make sure I got this straight, the things, Lee, that you were going over that kind of lumpiness in some of the run rates. So I got that there were $400,000 of unexpected losses from this card system conversion that's baked in other expenses that we should really pull out or think about pulling out for run rate when we're planning for next quarter, is that right?
Lee Gibson - Senior EVP & CFO
That's correct.
Kevin Fitzsimmons - Analyst
And then the second was this depreciation expense adjustment within occupancy cost and was so -- I didn't get the amount on that, and is that something we pull out going forward or was that just some --
Lee Gibson - Senior EVP & CFO
It just -- it looks like -- if you look at second quarter to third quarter, it looks like the expense -- non-interest income expense went up, and really, it just normalized because if you look at first quarter to second quarter, it went way down and it's back up but it's at a normalized level.
Kevin Fitzsimmons - Analyst
Okay, great. That's helpful. Can you give us a little sense of your outlook on -- how we should think about provisioning going forward? So, we've -- I'm looking back over the last several quarters and we had a number of quarters of elevated provisions, but that was when indirect auto, I guess, was a bigger piece of it and -- or subprime rather, right, and then, in second quarter, we had this big drop off and now we're stepping up and the things that you outlined, I guess, if we pull them out, but you're also thinking about much stronger loan growth. So we're thinking about a provision maybe not as high as this quarter, but definitely higher than last quarter just because of the loan growth you're seeing.
Lee Gibson - Senior EVP & CFO
That's correct. With the loan growth we're anticipating, it would certainly be higher than the second quarter's provisioning expense. The credits that we had to -- to put additional reserves against our credits that we've been -- one of them is a credit that was from the merger that we had discounted fairly heavily coming in at merger date when we restructured it. We [didn't] need to put an additional reserve on it and then the other one is the credit from first quarter. So it's not new credits that are popping up. It's those two credits. So, at this point, we believe that the provision expense is going to be driven by loan growth.
Kevin Fitzsimmons - Analyst
Those amounts were [400K reserve for the PCI credit, a 500K] reserve for the non-accrual loan from first quarter and then everything other than that in the provision was really for loan growth for the most part this quarter.
Lee Gibson - Senior EVP & CFO
For the most part, yes.
Kevin Fitzsimmons - Analyst
Okay. Just one quick last one. Sam, on M&A, when you say you're going to start looking in early '16, are those conversations already happening and starting, and what's your sense on the willingness of sellers in Texas. I know there is still a little bit of shock over the price of oil. And I don't know whether that (multiple speakers).
Sam Dawson - President & CEO
Yes, I think there is probably a little bit of shock on the part of the bankers right now also. As you know, when we start looking, we kick a lot of tires. We anticipate that we will start that process in '16. We had not started yet.
Obviously, our focus has been on the transition of OmniAmerican and as we've said, it has gone very, very well. But we will start to look. We realized there is not a lot going on in the market right now because of the oil situation I think. So we'll see what's out there.
We made an acquisition in 2007, we made our second acquisition in 2014. I doubt seriously [it'll be seven years] before we pull the trigger, but we do take a lot of time and we want to start looking -- because there might be opportunities and if there are, we want to be able to take advantage of that.
Kevin Fitzsimmons - Analyst
And when you described that triangle, when we think about it, is it really a potential target be on one of the three points of the triangle or could it be in the middle really?
Sam Dawson - President & CEO
Well, it obviously could be in the middle (inaudible) that's just kind of a basic triangle we use -- we might slide outside of the triangle a little bit, but I doubt we would slide as far as Houston. We want to stay in that triangle if we can. We feel like we're in probably two of the strongest markets in the country, in Fort Worth and Austin, and so we don't want to get too far away from that.
Operator
Brady Gailey, KBW.
Brady Gailey - Analyst
I had a follow-up question on the cost savings. It sounds like the OmniAmerican cost savings were all realized as of today. Where those savings all reflected in the 3Q number, like the 3Q expense base. If you stripped out the couple of non-recurring things, it was a little under $26 million. Is that kind of a good base to go into the end of the year and into 2016?
Sam Dawson - President & CEO
I think so. I think it is. We have hired new lenders in Austin, so that skewed a little bit of the costs base, but that occurred during the third quarter and they are already beginning to produce and book loans but, yes, I think that is a good number to use.
Brady Gailey - Analyst
And then you talked about how now that OmniAmerican cost [savings] were behind you, you are going to work on additional operational efficiencies also cost containment (technical difficulty). Is there any way to quantify what the potential expense reductions could be from these additional initiatives or is it too early?
Sam Dawson - President & CEO
Yes, I think it's a little too early to quantify that, but we do believe that there are some nice -- and quite frankly a lot of it is revenue-driven we believe in non-interest income. So, but we think it's a little too early to quantify that. Probably, we'll be able to do that sometime in the first quarter.
Brady Gailey - Analyst
Okay. And then Lee, the margin guidance for the fourth quarter is kind of flat, maybe up a little bit. Any shot at where we think the margin will be in 2016? Do you think it will still be in this kind of [3.30% to 3.40%] range?
Lee Gibson - Senior EVP & CFO
I would hope that if loan growth continues at this double-digit pace that we should see the margin start to gradually climb during 2016 as investments become a smaller percentage of the earning asset base and loans become a higher percentage of earning asset base.
Brady Gailey - Analyst
As that happens, so loan growth, what we're going to see next year on a double-digit basis, but looking at bond balances, you expect those to continue to fall as you see that loan growth coming?
Lee Gibson - Senior EVP & CFO
I think they'll kind of remain stable for a while and then we'll see what happens in the marketplace and that will really be more driven by what the market dictates as far as securities go. If it is the market dictates that we need to shrink the securities portfolio, then we will. If we continue to have a really (inaudible) we may hold the securities portfolio where it is.
Operator
Brad Milsaps, Sandler O'Neill.
Brad Milsaps - Analyst
Just a couple of follow-ups, almost everything has been addressed, but (inaudible) that in addition to that, that $600,000 kind of reversal on depreciation expense you had last quarter, you also had a like adjustment to other income, did you get that back this quarter or is most of that just eaten up with the decline in mortgage banking because you've had both those sort of offsetting last quarter and just kind of curious if that was incorrect or if you didn't make that back, then kind of how to think about it?
Lee Gibson - Senior EVP & CFO
It's normalized also because basically the $600,000, $300,000 of it had to do with the first quarter and $300,000 had to do with second quarter because it was a basic adjustment on that building in December that basically we finalized during the second quarter and so the non-interest income is basically in more normalized level in the third quarter as well.
Brad Milsaps - Analyst
Okay. All right. That makes sense. And then just a follow-up, the tax rate, I know you are one of the best at working the tax rate lower, but it was even made a little lower than I thought, you kind of thought that maybe it might be kind of high teens with Omni fully loaded, you kind of still here in this mid-teens number, what are you thinking going forward into 2016?
Lee Gibson - Senior EVP & CFO
In 2016, I'm thinking that we will be in the high teens in 2016, most definitely. The reason we're in this mid teens is really driven by the first two quarters when we have a lot of the merger costs still priced in and so that's basically an annualized tax rate, it goes close through all four quarters.
Operator
Michael Young, SunTrust.
Michael Young - Analyst
Wanted a follow-up on the Brady's question a little bit, on the balance sheet remix getting towards that 70% mix of loans. As we look at sort of 10% to 12% loan growth next year, would you expect sort of the balance sheet growth or earning asset growth to be about half of that or do you think that it's going to be higher given what you've said about holding the [loan book study]?
Sam Dawson - President & CEO
Let me jump in and then Lee can jump in after me, but I think we're hopeful that we will be able to achieve double-digit loan growth. As we see the roll off continue and with the way things have been moving the past several months, I think we have a good shot at seeing double-digit loan growth. With that, Lee, what are your -- any difference?
Lee Gibson - Senior EVP & CFO
No, I think that's correct and that's really where we're anticipating that our growth is going to come from, unless something unusual happens in the marketplace. I don't really see asset growth coming on the investment side to any great extend. You might see a little bit but we could also see some decline and it really just depends what happens to the investment environment.
Michael Young - Analyst
Okay. And you have pretty good construction loan growth this quarter. I was just curious if you could provide some color around how much of that was existing loans that were funding up versus new relationships put on during the quarter.
Lee Gibson - Senior EVP & CFO
A lot of that were existing relationships that we had committed back, some in the first quarter and second quarter that we're just now -- they had put in their equity funding and we're just now starting to fund those projects. I think Sam mentioned several of them have leases as collateral that are from highly rated corporations. Lot of projects are very, very strong.
Michael Young - Analyst
Okay. And just one last one. Lee, do have the amount of margin benefit this quarter from purchase accounting accretion or the dollar amount [either]?
Lee Gibson - Senior EVP & CFO
It's right around 8 basis points and I can get you the amount, but it's right around 8 basis points.
Operator
Brett Rabatin, Piper Jaffray.
Brett Rabatin - Analyst
I joined a few minutes later. You may have covered this, but just wanted to talk about the loan growth and get maybe a little more color if I could around the construction loan growth. What kind of projects you guys are doing on the CRE side? What type of properties you're dealing on that as well?
Sam Dawson - President & CEO
Probably, as we said, we're working with some national firms, lot of things that are coming out of the Austin market. We are seeing a lot of flow I think too out of Fort Worth. I think probably to talk about specifics, as we said, both of those markets have really shone brightly the last few years and so we are continuing to generate a lot of growth out of that. Some of the projects are not necessarily in the State of Texas also. Some of the projects maybe outside of the state. So, I don't know if that really gives you the color you want. Lee, you may be able amplify more on it?
Lee Gibson - Senior EVP & CFO
I think most of the CRE projects are probably in the market that we're in and we have strong LTVs, strong debt coverage ratios, things of that nature, fully leased up, good solid tenants, that type of things. The only project in terms of construction that we have I think outside of Texas are related to these national tenants that we have leases as a collateral that if we told you the name of the tenant, it's someone that we all know and we'll be very comfortable with. So, those are the type of projects we're looking at.
Brett Rabatin - Analyst
Okay. And Lee, on the commercial real estate side, would a lot of that be office, retail, what sort of -- maybe a little breakdown on [the real estate side]?
Sam Dawson - President & CEO
It's really a combination of both. Its office and retail. We have a project down I think in the Austin area that is a retail project where ATB is anchor tenant in it and it's the big retail center, it's a great project and it's fully leased out and very successful. So, it's a combination of both retail and office.
Operator
Thank you. (Operator Instructions) Michael Young, Sun Trust.
Michael Young - Analyst
Just one follow-up on the (inaudible) non-accrual in the first quarter, you took an additional mark this quarter. Does that sort of pretend that you're ready to move that on out or was that an updated appraisal? Can you give any color there?
Sam Dawson - President & CEO
Yes. It has to do with an updated not so much appraisal but re-evaluation of the collateral position and that was the reason for the additional provision expense.
Operator
(Operator Instructions) I'm not showing any further questions at this time. I would now like to turn the call back over to Sam Dawson.
Sam Dawson - President & CEO
Thank you, Vicky. We would like to thank you for being on our first earnings call today. The earnings are beginning to fall into place as we had hoped. Our loan growth has started to ramp up and we expect it will continue. The merger is in reality completed and it was far smoother than we anticipated. Asset quality is strong. We operate in two dynamic markets and one very stable solid market. The fourth quarter looks promising. And we're excited about 2016. See you soon and thanks again for joining us.
Operator
Ladies and gentlemen, thank you for participating in today's conference. This does conclude the program and you may now disconnect. Everyone have a great day.