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Operator
Ladies and gentlemen, please standby. Good day, and welcome to the PolarityTE First Quarter 2022 Business Update Conference Call. Today's conference is being recorded.
And now at this time, I would like to turn the conference over to Cameron Hoyler. Please go ahead.
Cameron J. Hoyler - General Counsel, Secretary, EVP of Corporate Development & Strategy and Chief Compliance Officer
Thank you, operator. Good morning, and thank you for joining PolarityTE's call to discuss first quarter 2022 results. I'm Cameron Hoyler, General Counsel. On the call today are members of the executive team: Richard Hague, Chief Executive Officer and President; and Jake Patterson, Chief Financial Officer.
Before we begin, I would like to remind everyone that today's discussion will include statements about the company's future expectations, plans and prospects that constitute forward-looking statements for purposes of the safe harbor provisions under the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. We caution that these forward-looking statements are subject to risks and uncertainties that may cause actual results to differ materially from those indicated. These forward-looking statements are based on our current expectations and may differ materially from actual results due to a variety of factors, including, but not limited to, those detailed under the caption Risk Factors that are described in our annual report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2021, and subsequent reports filed with the SEC.
Any forward-looking statements made on this call speak only as of today's date, Monday, May 16, 2022, and we disclaim any obligation to update such statements to reflect events or circumstances that occur after today's call, except as required by law.
I'd like to highlight to participants that the call is being recorded. A replay of the recorded call will be available on our website in the Investor Relations section shortly following the conclusion of the call. Additionally, it is the property of PolarityTE and any redistribution, retransmission or rebroadcast of the call in any form without PolarityTE's expressed written consent is strictly prohibited.
I would now like to turn the call over to Richard Hague, CEO.
Richard Hague - President & CEO
Thanks, Cameron, and good morning, and welcome, everyone. As we announced via a press release on Friday, I'm very pleased to report that the FDA has granted SkinTE a Regenerative Medicine Advanced Therapy designation. This RMAT designation is an incredible accomplishment for our company and comes on the heels of the first patient being enrolled in our Phase III pivotal study of SkinTE in Wagner 2 diabetic foot ulcers less than a month ago. I'll elaborate on the importance of the RMAT and the status of our ongoing pivotal trial after we discuss the quarter's financials. But needless to say, we are thrilled with the progress that we've made over the last several months.
I would now like to turn the call over to Jake Patterson, our CFO.
Jacob Alexander Patterson - CFO
Thank you, Richard, and good morning, everyone. Operating costs and expenses decreased $1.6 million or 15% for the 3-month period ended March 31, 2022, compared to the 3-month period ended March 31, 2021. For the 3 months period ended March 31, 2022, cash used in operating activities was $6.0 million or an average of $2.0 million per month compared to $6.6 million of cash used in operating activities or an average of $2.2 million per month for the 3-month period ended March 31, 2021.
As of March 31, 2022, we had $18.7 million in cash and cash equivalents and working capital of approximately $17.2 million. We believe cash and cash equivalents on our balance sheet, together with the net proceeds of the IBEX property sale, will fund our business activities into the fourth quarter of 2022. Our goal continues to be maintaining a base operational cash burn, which excludes costs associated with clinical trials and BLA-related activities below $2 million per month on average.
I'd now like to turn the call back over to Richard for additional operational remarks.
Richard Hague - President & CEO
Thanks, Jake. So I'd like to discuss 3 key items in more detail. First, the RMAT designation, what it is, how we got it and what we believe it means for PolarityTE and SkinTE moving forward; second, our Phase III pivotal study in DFUs; and third, the continued advancement of our intellectual property estate.
As some of you may know, the RMAT designation framework was established under the 21st Century Cures Act. It is a dedicated program designed to expedite the development and review processes for promising regenerative medicine products. These can include gene therapies, tissue-engineered therapies in human cell and tissue therapies. Importantly, however, products that are regulated solely under Section 361 of the Public Health Service Act are not eligible for an RMAT designation.
To be eligible for RMAT, a sponsor must submit an application and demonstrate the FDA that their product satisfies 3 criteria: first, that the product is a regenerative medicine therapy, in the case of SkinTE, a human cell and tissue therapy; second, that the product is intended to treat, modify, reverse or cure a serious or life-threatening disease or condition; and third, that the preliminary clinical evidence indicates that the therapy has the potential to address unmet medical needs for such disease or condition.
It is clear that FDA agrees that the chronic cutaneous ulcers and DFU specifically are a serious or life-threatening condition. To underscore this, we think it's important to highlight some key statistics related to DFUs. The DFU is the most common chronic wound of the foot with an annual incidence of 1.1 million to 3 million in the U.S. alone. The prevalence of diabetes is roughly 37 million people in the U.S. or 11.3% of the population. The lifetime risk of someone with diabetes developing a foot ulcer is as high as 34% leading to 20% of all diabetes-related admissions.
When current management strategies fail to heal DFU or when they are left untreated, the ulcers typically progress, leading to increased risk of mortality, impairment of day-to-day functioning and morbidity that often includes amputation. The presence of comorbidities, length of a time a DFU has been present, wound size, depth and presence of exposed structures are all correlated to decreased likelihood of healing and increased risk of critical complications such as infection and amputation. Unfortunately, more than half of DFU become infected, and 17% to 20% of these result in some level of amputation. Researchers have found that between 2010 and 2015, even after controlling for the prevalence increase in diabetes, the age-adjusted rates for diabetes-related nontraumatic lower extremity amputations increased by 50%. Both minor and major amputations increased during this time, which is a concerning finding as amputation is accepted as an important index for successful care.
Limb loss has a more substantial negative impact on the quality of life than any other complication of diabetes. In addition to their impact on the quality of life, both DFU and lower extremity amputation appear to be more than just a marker of poor health. They are independent risk factors associated with premature death. 5-year mortality rate for patients with a DFU, a minor amputation and a major amputation are astonishing 30%, 46% and 57%, respectively. By comparison, the 5-year pooled mortality rate for all-cause cancer is 31%.
Regarding FDA's third RMAT criteria related to preliminary clinical evidence, we have long known that the clinical data we generated while SkinTE was marketed as a 361 HCT/P had value, not only to the patients whose lives were improved, but also to our understanding of how the product worked in different wound types.
While our SkinTE development program remains focused on chronic cutaneous ulcers such as the Wagner Grade 2 DFUs and our first pivotal study under IND, the RMAT submission also allowed us to show FDA all of the clinical data that has been published to date. In the RMAT submission, we included data from completed and ongoing clinical studies evaluating safety and efficacy of SkinTE in multiple patient populations, including 3 completed pilot studies in DFU, VLU and burns and 2 randomized controlled trials in DFU and VLU.
In addition to the formal clinical studies, compelling clinical evidence was provided from 8-K series across a wide array of wound types, which included trauma, pressure and burn wounds. I would like to emphasize that all of these data are in the public domain and are cited in our investor presentation. We would strongly encourage those interested in learning more about SkinTE to read the peer review publications that report these impressive data.
Overall, we are very excited about what the RMAT designation may mean for our SkinTE development program. Similar to breakthrough therapy designation, RMAT provides the benefits of intensive FDA guidance on efficient drug development, including the ability for early interactions with the FDA to discuss potential ways to support accelerated approval and satisfy post-approval requirements, potential priority review of the biologics licensing application and other opportunities to expedite development and review.
In this correspondence granting our RMAT, the FDA offered us the opportunity to request a multidisciplinary, comprehensive discussion between PolarityTE and the FDA regarding the SkinTE development program, including planned clinical trials and plans for expediting the manufacturing development strategy. We will be making this request shortly and are eager to work closely with the agency to identify potential means to accelerate and broaden our development program.
I'd now like to provide an update on our first pivotal study being conducted under the open IND, our COVER DFUs trial. Two patients have now been enrolled and additional patients are being screened at 3 currently active sites. Importantly, last week, we hosted a meeting with physicians and coordinators from 15 sites that will now be qualified to begin identifying patients for our study. I personally had the opportunity to interact with many of the attendees at this meeting, and the enthusiasm for having access to SkinTE to treat patients under this study was incredibly high. As a result, over the coming weeks, we expect enrollment to steadily increase.
Finally, I'd like to provide a brief update on our intellectual property. We have received additional patent issuances and allowances, and the total number of allowed and granted utility patents worldwide is now 18, with 4 in the U.S. and 14 internationally. We continue to pursue additional patent applications in the U.S. and abroad related to our regenerative technologies, including SkinTE.
In terms of recent developments, the U.S. PTO notified us that an additional U.S. patent application will issue on May 24, and the claims to be issued are for compositions that relates to the company's MPFU technology in combination with a cryoprotectant. We also received notification of issuance allowance or patent grants from patent offices in Israel, New Zealand, Vietnam and Costa Rica.
To close the call, I'd like to reiterate my thanks to our team who have accomplished a tremendous amount in the first several months of 2022. We look forward to continued engagement with FDA and we'll share additional information regarding our progress in due course.
Finally, I'd like to emphasize that with these recent accomplishments, we believe that PolarityTE is well positioned for continued execution of our development plan for SkinTE and to explore opportunities for strategic partnerships or transactions. Thank you.
I'd now like to open the call for Q&A.
Operator
(Operator Instructions) We'll hear first from...
Kristen Brianne Kluska - Analyst
This is Kristen Kluska. Congrats on the recent RMAT designation. Wanted to first ask if you could talk a little bit more specifically about some of the topics you plan on discussing with the agency as a result of this meeting. I think in the press release, you said in manufacturing an expedited way of getting the drug approved. So can you comment a little bit more specifically on that?
Richard Hague - President & CEO
Kristen, thanks for the question. First off, the first topic that we'll be discussing with them is our second trial design. So we had mentioned previously we've been working with the FDA to get clarity around that. We actually had requested a Type C meeting. And as a result of the RMAT being granted to us, FDA asked us to actually cancel that meeting and reschedule it under the RMAT. So we're going to request this Type B meeting shortly. And in that discussion, we will absolutely be talking about the trial design for our second study in order to accelerate the approval or the generation of data, I should say, for this current indication of chronic cutaneous ulcers.
Additionally, to your point about manufacturing, obviously, we want to make sure that we have every i dotted and t crossed when it comes to our manufacturing capabilities and our ability to achieve results that are in line with FDA's expectations. So as part of those discussions, of course, we'll be talking to FDA about the status of our ongoing transition to GMP and our ability to ensure that we are in line and on target with FDA's expectations. And obviously, if there are ways for us to expedite this process through these discussions with FDA, we'll certainly pursue that.
Kristen Brianne Kluska - Analyst
Okay, appreciate that. And just from a communication standpoint, what should we expect? Are you going to plan on press releasing when you have a meeting scheduled? Or is the next update going to be the minutes? Essentially, just trying to figure out how you guys plan on communicating when or if the meeting takes place.
Richard Hague - President & CEO
Yes. It really depends on timing. If it aligns with an upcoming earnings call, then certainly, we'll use that as a vehicle. If not, we'll certainly PR any material information that is gathered through the interactions with the FDA. If it's a standard interaction that is simply a dialogue to determine certain processes that we're going to follow, we wouldn't necessarily share that. But certainly, as we get clarity around certain specific actions that we plan to take, we will most definitely share that publicly.
Kristen Brianne Kluska - Analyst
Okay. And then final question for me is just on durability and follow-up. So obviously, you have a very unique back story in terms of SkinTE utilization. So just curious, I understand this new path towards an approval, but have you looked at collecting further follow-up data? Or have you talked closely with these physicians who have utilized the product, both the ones that were in the trial and then both the ones that were kind of these one-off utilizations? Like are you tracking the durability and some of the follow-up around SkinTE cases?
Richard Hague - President & CEO
Yes. That's actually a very good question and a timely question. We are actually working to continue to gather data, both data that has not yet been published or presented anywhere and other data in terms of, as you described, continued follow-up and durability. So we are working currently on a publication plan and hope to be able to generate some meaningful data from the past use of SkinTE in a variety of different wound types.
One specific area that we are targeting as an update on pressure injuries. We had a couple of different sites using the product quite a bit in that particular wound type, and we hope to be able to be in a position to get some data published specific to that. So it's a great question. It's something that we consider to be a very unique opportunity for us given our past commercial experience.
I will say that in talking to the physicians that attended our recent Investigator's Meeting, I'd say roughly half of the physicians there had used SkinTE previously. And as I said, the excitement for getting access to the product, once again, under the study was really, really high, and they all had very, very positive things to say about their past experience with the product and the patients that they had treated. So we certainly plan to find vehicles for ensuring that, that any data that we can't capture will be utilized effectively.
Operator
And we'll now move to our next question. We will hear from...
Carl Edward Byrnes - MD & Senior Research Analyst
This is Carl Byrnes from Northland Capital Markets. I'm wondering if you could speak to your expectations with respect to the time line of the Phase III DFU trial, specifically when you might complete patient enrollment and if there would be interim data and approximately what time line that would occur as well as top line -- complete top line readout for this study.
Richard Hague - President & CEO
Yes, good morning, Carl, and thanks for the question. So we've talked previously about timing, and it's early days, but our internal targets are tied to monthly enrollment of roughly anywhere from 4 to 6 patients per month approximately. We are planning to do an interim data readout. So if we're fortunate to stay on track with our target, we would expect to have patients -- half of our patients fully enrolled by roughly around the end of this year, early into Q1 of next year, which would, given the 6-month follow-up of last patient in, would get us sometime in late Q2, early Q3 of next year for the interim data. Obviously, we're going to do everything we can to accelerate that. And then as I said, these 15 sites that were part of our Investigator's Meeting, we're very enthusiastic about enrolling patients.
So we'll continue to report back as we see enrollment increase and give us a better clarity on the time line and the targets. But we believe that sometime, as I said, Q2, Q3 of next year, we'd be in a position to have the interim data. And I think at this point, I'll wait to see how enrollment shapes up in the coming months to make a longer-term statement around the full data readout.
Operator
And ladies and gentlemen, this will conclude your question-and-answer session. I'll turn the call back over to your host for any additional or closing remarks.
Cameron J. Hoyler - General Counsel, Secretary, EVP of Corporate Development & Strategy and Chief Compliance Officer
Thank you all very much for joining the call today, and have a nice day.
Operator
With that, ladies and gentlemen, this does conclude your conference for today. Thank you for your participation, and you may now disconnect.