紐蒙特黃金公司 (NEM) 2022 Q1 法說會逐字稿

Good morning, and welcome to Newmont's First Quarter 2022 Earnings Call. (Operator Instructions) Please note this event is being recorded.

I would now like to turn the conference over to Tom Palmer, President and Chief Executive Officer. Please go ahead.

Good morning, and thank you for joining Newmont's First Quarter 2022 Earnings Call. Today, I'm joined by Rob Atkinson and Nancy Buese, along with other members of our executive team, and we'll be available to answer questions at the end of the call.

Before I begin, please note our cautionary statement and refer to our SEC filings, which can be found on our website. Newmont delivered on a challenging first quarter, as our operations and the mining industry as a whole, safely managed through the Omicron surge over the first 3 months of this year. As we emerge on the other side of this wave, Newmont remains well positioned to deliver solid performance in 2022, leveraging our scale and proven operating model to deliver long-term value from the world's best mining jurisdictions.

The strength of our people and stability of our global portfolio not only allows us to enjoy our short-term disruptions, it is the foundation of Newmont's clear and consistent strategy to create value and improve lives through sustainable and responsible mining.

Turning to our quarterly results. Let's take a look at the highlights. During the first quarter, Newmont produced 1.3 million ounces of gold and 350,000 gold equivalent ounces from copper, silver, lead and zinc. And despite challenges from the Omicron surge and the knock-on impact from this global pandemic, we remain on track to achieve our 4-year guidance ranges as we build momentum for a strong second half.

I recently visited Ahafo and Akyem in Ghana, as well as the Boddington mine in Australia, where I saw firsthand the significant efforts our teams are taking to protect the health and safety of our workforce, while continuing to move critical projects forward. With $7.3 billion in total liquidity, we have a net debt-to-EBITDA ratio of 0.3x, preserving Newmont's financial strength and flexibility to sustain and grow the business. We also continue to invest in and develop our most profitable near-term projects, including Ahafo North, the second expansion at Tanami and Yanacocha Sulfides. Just last week, we announced the acquisition of Sumitomo's interest in Yanacocha, which will bring Newmont's ownership in this operation and the exciting sulfides project to 100%.

And yesterday, we declared a first quarter dividend of $0.55 per share, set within our established dividend framework and consistent with our last 5 quarter. Newmont's core values of safety, sustainability, integrity, inclusion and responsibility are essential to creating long-term value for our investors, host governments, communities and employees.

Last week, Newmont launched its 18th annual sustainability report, providing a transparent look at our ESG performance and the issues and metrics that matter most to our stakeholders. And in March, we committed $5 million to provide relief and medical supplies to the millions of people affected by the war in Ukraine. We take pride in being a values-driven organization and our core values are fundamental to how we run our business and where we choose to operate.

In light of the brief geopolitical events and the Omicron surge that have impacted so many around the world, our commitment to sustainable and responsible mining is more relevant today than ever before. During our fourth quarter earnings call in late February, we provided an update on how the Omicron surge and the lingering effects of the pandemic were affecting our operations. And the impacts that our stakeholders could expect in the first quarter.

As you can see here on the slide, over the first 3 months of this year, we saw the largest spike of positive COVID cases at Newmont since the start of pandemic. And this graph only shows positive cases and does not include absenteeism from adhering to close-contact isolation protocols. As a rule of thumb, every positive case identified at site, approximately 2 co-workers were sent home to isolate for a minimum of 7 days. In addition, many of our team also needed to take time off to care for sick children and family members as COVID cases spiked in surrounding communities.

Fortunately, due to our verified vaccination status, the severity of any positive cases has remained low. As of today, 8 of our 12, that is operations, have a fully vaccinated workforce of employees and contractors, positioning us to emerge strongly on the other side of this wave and others that may come.

However, as a consequence of managing through the Omicron surge, our operations have been impacted during the first quarter by lower productivity from close-contact isolation protocols, by capacity constraints and various other safety measures. We've also experienced pandemic-related supply chain disruptions and the impacts from various state and national border restrictions. This has affected both labor availability and the delivery of equipment and critical spares. And Although our operations were not directly impacted by the Russian invasion of Ukraine, it has resulted in new and developing complexities of global supply chain and input costs.

As we described in our guidance webcast slide in December, we issued that escalation factor in 2022 when we developed our business plan to account for higher inflation expected during this year. During the first quarter, we remain in line with our inflation assumptions, but we are closely monitoring critical commodities and materials, such as natural gas and the ammonium used for the production of explosives and cyanide. And although difficult to predict at this stage, the cost pressures from these new supply chain disruptions may increase our unit cost by another 3% to 5% and toward the high end of our guidance range. We will be closely monitoring this through the second quarter, and we'll provide you with an update during our Q2 earnings call in July.

On the production front, we are well-positioned to land within our guidance and are tracking to around 100,000 ounces, below our midpoint for gold. We continue to expect both production and unit cost to improve through the second half, with approximately 53% of our production weighted to the back half of the year, driven by Tanami, Ahafo, Cerro Negro and our Canadian operations. And as we have demonstrated since the start of the pandemic, we will continue to be transparent as we can with our updates to the market as we leverage our proven operating model and balanced labor portfolio to overcome these near-term uncontrollable disruptions and deliver on our long-term commitments.

At Newmont, we have created a robust and diverse portfolio of operations, along with a pipeline of more than 20 organic projects, with the scale and mine life to deliver long-term results. Newmont will produce more than 6 million ounces of gold each year and almost 2 million gold equivalent ounces from copper, silver, lead and zinc. Combined, that is nearly 8 million gold equivalent ounces per year for at least the next decade, the most of any company in our industry. And it is important to note that this is attributable production.

Among our 12 operating mines and 2 joint ventures, nearly 90% of distributable gold production comes from top tier jurisdictions. And with the acquisition of the remaining 5% ownership in Yanacocha, 11 of our 12 managed operations will be 100% owned, ensuring that our stakeholders receive the full benefit from Newmont's clear strategic focus and superior execution.

We firmly believe that where we choose to invest and operate matters. We have a disciplined geopolitical risk program that ensures we retain and assess our jurisdictions and our risk tolerance to deliver long-term results from established mine jurisdictions.

Underpinning our portfolio is a robust foundation of reserves and resources, which combined with the gold industry's best organic project pipeline, provides the pathway to steady production and cash flow well into the 2040s. We are entering a period of need for reinvestment, as we continue to advance our near-term projects including a second expansion at Tanami in Australia's Northern Territory, the development of Ahafo North in Ghana and the Yanacocha Sulfides project, the next exciting chapter in Newmont's long and profitable history in Peru.

And with that, I'll turn it over to Rob and then Nancy for a more detailed look at our first quarter performance. Over to you, Rob.

Thank you, Tom, and good morning, everyone. Turning to the next slide, let's dive into the operations and projects starting with Africa. Tom and I had the opportunity to separately visit Ghana recently, and we are impressed with the progress of both operations as they continue to advance important growth opportunities in this proven mining district, including sublevel shrinkage at Subika Underground, the Akyem layback and of course, Ahafo North.

As indicated during our fourth quarter earnings call, Ahafo saw a challenging start to the year. The site's first quarter performance was impacted by supply chain disruptions and global border closures, impacting labor availability and the delivery of new equipment and critical spares. As an example, last year, the site ordered 4 new drills for the underground and open pit operations, and we only received the first drill in March this year, with delivery of the remaining drills expected sometime in the third quarter, much later than originally planned.

In addition, the delay of inflation of parts for existing drills is compounding the situation, creating availability challenges with the equipment that we have on hand today. Improved mill performance has helped to offset these delays, but the impacts from the pandemic have affected our ability to ramp up mining rates in the Subika Underground. And as a consequence, we are evaluating ways to improve our mining rates, which may include adding a third production level to access higher grades in late '22 and into '23, and we expect to have an update with our quarter 2 earnings in July.

Akyem delivered a solid performance in the first quarter due to sustained throughput and strong recoveries. The team continues to progress stripping of the next layback in the open pit, which will extend mine life by an additional 4 years and provide future optionality for both underground and open pit growth.

And finally, we continued the development of the Ahafo North project. Engineering is nearly 90% complete, and procurement is 60% complete, as we continue to work together with local communities, traditional leaders and regulators to get full land access and commence construction.

And just in the last few weeks, Tom and I met separately with 3 stakeholders and received strong support for this important project. And last week, we also achieved an important milestone with the cabinet in Ghana, formally approving the diversion of the highway that currently passes through a section of the new mine site.

When operations begin, Ahafo North is expected to add approximately 300,000 ounces of gold per year, while creating lasting value for host communities through enhanced local sourcing and hiring, as we develop this prolific ore body.

And now, turning to Australia. At Boddington and Tanami, we experienced the impact from the Omicron surge in the first quarter, as labor availability and close-contact isolation protocols impacted the region. In addition, the West Australian border was reopened in early March, leading to an increase in on-site cases, but also allowing our teams, contractors and business partners to move more freely throughout the country and to Tanami for the first time in many months.

At Boddington, we reported more production compared to the fourth quarter due to planned maintenance and COVID-related absenteeism, as we saw our first COVID cases on the site. These impacts were partially offset by improved rates and higher ore tonnes mined from Boddington's fleet of fully autonomous trucks. The team is diligently working multiple base positions in the circuit to access higher grade ore. And we expect tonnes mined and grade to remain strong throughout the year, as we continue to optimize consistently, efficiency and productivity from our autonomous truck fleet, a key component to delivering a strong finish to the year.

At Tanami, the site delivered a strong performance despite the impact from the Omicron surge in the first quarter and a very competitive labor market in Australia. The site also delivered lower ore grade in the fourth quarter due to mine sequencing and unplanned maintenance at our processing facilities. The team continues to progress the second expansion at Tanami, a project with the potential to extend mine life beyond 2040. As you can see here in the photo, the assembly of the headframe is nearing completion, which is an important milestone as we transition from the reaming of the shaft to commencing the shaft lining activities.

Nearly 85% of the project engineering and procurement has been completed. And over the coming months, the site will focus on the completion of the headframe installation and commencement of the shaft lining, bringing Tanami that much closer to delivering significant earns, cost and efficiency improvements.

And now, over to North America. Peñasquito delivered another solid quarter, a strong mill performance that delivered higher core product production from lead and zinc offset lower gold production. Stripping has continued in both Peñasco and Chile Colorado pits, with lower gold grade and harder ore coming from Chile Colorado in the first quarter.

And looking ahead, due to efficient sequencing, gold production from this large polymetallic mine is expected to decrease in the second quarter, but increased in the third quarter due to higher grade delivered from the Peñasco mine.

Moving to Canada. Our operations in the country as a whole continue to be impacted by ongoing challenges stemming from the global pandemic and a very competitive labor market. As indicated a couple of months ago, the Omicron surge reintroduced flight capacity constraints, testing requirements and strict close contact isolation protocols. And working closely with the First Nations, we have maintained our stringent protocols and testing regimes, even as restrictions have relaxed.

Due to the remote applications, these impacts were particularly pronounced at Musselwhite and Éléonore, where both sites delivered lower tonnes mined and processed compared to the fourth quarter. As an example, we saw absenteeism rates as high as 15% to 20% during the peak of the Omicron surge at our Canadian operations. And in Musselwhite, we decided to place the site on care maintenance for 7 days in February to reduce the spread of the virus and protect the health of our workforce and communities.

At Porcupine, our ore grade was offset by lower tonnes processed as a result of COVID-related labor absenteeism and mill maintenance, in addition to challenging rain conditions and some ventilation constraints at Hoyle Pond. The site continues to progress at Pamour layback, a project that will extend mining at Porcupine through 2035.

Construction of the water treatment plant is well underway as the team prepares to dewater the pit and advance towards full funds approval in the second half of this year.

And finally, CC&V, the mine required a mill shutdown from a conveyor fire that occurred during the first quarter. With the pending conclusion of our contract to supply concentrate from CC&V to Nevada Gold Mines, we are stepping back to assess our operating strategy at the site to determine if there is a potential for a simpler, higher value, over-the-life leach-only operation that does not carry the complexity and cost of running a mill to process a relatively small amount of ore mined. This work is underway, and we expect to have an update with our quarter 2 earnings in July.

Coming to South America. Merian delivered a solid performance despite very heavy rain and mill maintenance during the first quarter, as the site continues to utilize an ore blending strategy to balance steady grade and strong mill performance. In Yanacocha, record rainfall resulted in a federal emergency declaration of Peru, impacting the site as it continues to deliver leach-only production while we worked to develop the first phase of the Sulfides project, which continues to advance towards an investment decision in late 2022.

Engineering is approximately 50% complete, and the early efforts and construction activities continue to progress at site. And once finished, the camp will allow the construction workforce to begin ramping up in 2023. And finally, Cerro Negro delivered a strong performance in the first quarter, as a result of higher grade mined from Mariana Norte in Mariana Central and ongoing improvements in productivity despite disruptions from the Omicron surge. During the first quarter, the team successfully completed the tailing storage facility expansion project, and we continued to progress the first wave of expansions at Cerro Negro, including the development of the Marianas and Eastern districts to extend existing operations beyond 2030.

The team is currently advancing the development of the San Marcos [decline]. And as you can see in the photo, the construction of the roads, infrastructure platforms and ports of access are all well underway in the Eastern District.

And with that, I'll turn it over to Nancy on the next slide.

Thanks, Rob. Let's start with a look at the financial highlights. In the first quarter, Newmont delivered $3 billion in revenue at a realized gold price of $1,892 per ounce. Adjusted net income of $546 million or $0.69 per diluted share. Adjusted EBITDA of $1.4 billion and solid free cash flow of $252 million, which includes unfavorable working capital movements of $465 million in the first quarter, primarily driven by timing of cash collections and over $420 million of tax payments largely attributable to 2021.

Free cash flow was also impacted by higher capital spend, as Newmont enters a period significant reinvestment, an essential component in growing production, improving margins and extending mine life.

First quarter GAAP net income from continuing operations was $432 million or $0.54 per share. Adjustments included $0.16 related to a noncash loss on a pension annuitization settlement, $0.04 primarily related to a loss from the sale of La Zanja as part of the transaction to increase our ownership at Yanacocha, $0.05 related to the unrealized mark-to-market gains on equity investments, $0.04 related to tax adjustments and valuation allowance, and $0.04 of other charges.

Taking these adjustments into account, we reported first quarter adjusted net income of $0.69 per diluted share. And our balanced global portfolio, combined with our discipline, provide significant leverage to higher gold prices from the largest production base in the world. For every $100 increase in gold prices above our base assumption, Newmont delivers $400 million of incremental attributable free cash flow per year.

And Newmont is the only company in the gold mining industry with the ability to generate these levels of attributable free cash flow, allowing us to confidently execute our capital allocation priorities and build from our position as the world's leading gold company.

1.5 years ago, Newmont was the first in the gold industry to announce a clear dividend framework, with a decisive strategy to provide stable and predictable returns. Yesterday, we declared a first quarter dividend of $0.55 per share or $2.20 per share on an annualized basis, calibrated at an $1,800 gold price assumption and a conservative 40% distribution of incremental free cash flow. We continue to review our dividend each quarter with our Board, assessing gold price performance along with our operational and financial outlook over the long term to determine the payout levels within our dividend framework.

Since its introduction 18 months ago, Newmont has returned $2.5 billion to shareholders from dividends, demonstrating our confidence in the long-term value of our business and our ability to maintain financial flexibility, while steadily reinvesting in our future.

Our capital allocation priorities remain unchanged with a clear strategy: to reinvest in our business through exploration and organic growth projects, to maintain financial strength and flexibility on our balance sheet and to continue to provide industry-leading returns to shareholders. In the first quarter, we delivered on each of these priorities by progressing our profitable reinvestment into the business, with the advancement of our near-term projects and an ongoing commitment to our robust exploration strategy.

Enhancing our ownership of world-class assets and proven mining jurisdictions through the acquisition of the remaining interest in Yanacocha and the Sulfides project. Maintaining our industry-leading dividend of $2.20 per share on an annualized basis, sustaining a strong balance sheet with $7.3 billion in liquidity and a net debt-to-EBITDA ratio of 0.3x, preserving Newmont's financial flexibility across price cycles.

As we look ahead, we are confident in our ability to deliver on our disciplined capital allocation priorities, creating long-term value for the business and maintaining our position as the world's leading gold company. With that, I'll hand it back to Tom on Slide 20.

Thanks, Nancy. Newmont has a long history of leading change in our approach to ESG. And these practices have been embedded in our culture and strategy, and are woven into the very fabric of our company. Last week, Newmont launched its 2021 Annual Sustainability Report. Part of the suite of reports in our company's ESG practices in the key areas that matter most to our stakeholders, including health, safety and security, human rights, the environment, social acceptance, governance and inclusion and diversity.

Some of the highlights from this year's report include 0 work-related fatalities for the third year in a row, with our focus on verifying the critical controls that prevent fatalities and coaching frontline leaders to provide visible, felt leadership. Continuing to put the health, safety and well-being of our workforce and host communities at the heart of every decision we made and continue to make during this pandemic. A key part of this was adopting the requirement for all of our workforce to be fully-vaccinated. With contributions through our Global Communities Support Fund, we supported COVID testing facilities, vaccine awareness campaigns and vaccine rollouts in areas near our operations.

We established the industry's first sustainability-linked bond, a bond that holds Newmont to account for meeting our 2030 emission reduction target and also, to reach gender parity in senior leadership roles by 2030. By linking the interest rate paid to our ESG performance, this represents the next important step in aligning our financial performance with our sustainability performance.

And finally, Newmont played an important role in creating economic value, contributed $10.8 billion to our workforce, both communities and jurisdictions through wages and benefits, operating costs, capital spend, royalties and taxes. Next month, we will launch our second annual climate report, which will outline Newmont's climate-related risks and opportunities, our strategic planning and the pathways we are taking to achieve our climate targets. We have been disclosing our nonfinancial performance since 2004, regularly ranking as one of the most transparent companies in the S&P 500 and positioning Newmont as the gold sector's recognized sustainability leader.

We understand that strong ESG performance is an indicator of a well-run organization, and we will only be successful if we forge and maintain strong partnerships with local communities and demonstrate our ability to mine the matter that protects the environment and creates opportunities for people.

In order to address the critical global issues we face today, the mining industry will need leaders with scale, mine life, superior cash flow generation and an unwavering commitment for leading ESG practices. And we believe that Newmont is one of those leaders. We will continue to differentiate ourselves through our clear strategic focus and discipline, our unmatched global portfolio of operations and projects and an integrated operating model with a deep bench of experienced leaders as we continue into our next 100 years of sustainable and responsible mining.

And with that, I'll turn it over to the operator to open the line for questions.

(Operator Instructions) Our first question comes from Jackie Przybylowski with BMO Capital Markets.

I think -- I want to ask a question about your cash flow statement. It looks like you had a pretty high working capital spend in the quarter. And I was wondering if you could give us some color on the reasons for that and what you're doing with working capital?

Thanks, Jackie. Nancy, do you want to pick up that? Just passing across to Nancy to take that question up for you, Jackie.

So on working capital, really, that was related -- sorry, that was related to -- working capital changes were related to tax payments made in Q1 that were relatively tied to the income and revenue received in Q4 of 2021. So that was the biggest. We also had some inventory that had not yet been sold as of the end of the quarter, so those were the key drivers.

And maybe just one other question. Looks like in some of your regions your CapEx spending, I guess, specifically, your development CapEx spending is a little bit below the run rate for the full year guidance. And I guess, specifically, that is South America and Africa, which makes sense because the major projects there haven't been green lit yet. But can you give us some color?

Because I'm thinking, at least, on Yanacocha Sulfides, the full funds decision isn't due until December. And I'm thinking it's probably the same in Africa. Can you give us some color in terms of like what the spending will look like? Do you expect to have a pickup in spending before full funds decision is reached? Or should we really expect to see those sort of fourth quarter weighted in terms of the spending?

Thanks, Jackie. I'll pick up Yanacocha first. You will see spending pick up ahead of the forefronts decision. So the first quarter was certainly the lightest in terms of spend. That builds up quite considerably. We'll more than double that spend as we move into the remaining 3 quarters. So it's -- we'll build through the second quarter, that the half-to-half weighting, 42% spend in the first half versus 58% spend in the second. So we will be building that spend towards full fund approval at the end of the year for Yanacocha.

And you're right, a similar story with Ahafo North, where we're spending the money now on engineering and procurement and doing the important work with the regulators and the provisional leaders around getting the areas of land cleared of structures and farms and the like to be able to do the highway diversion, which has just been approved by cabinet. And for us to come in and really start to break ground, which will -- which we're expecting will be moving through this quarter to get all that in place.

And so as you get -- as you really start to build up a workforce and get people on the ground doing the earthworks, you'll see that spend build for Ahafo North in the second half, so I'll be seeing a similar weighting for Ahafo North in the second half deal. If you're modeling it, look at something more like 45%, 55% for H1 versus H2.

Thank you, Jackie. Our next question comes from Josh Wolfson with RBC Capital Markets.

Thank you for the additional color on the costs, virtually I guess, with the guidance expectations were. And I'm wondering that 3% to 5% upside that would take you towards the high end of the guidance range, what is that incorporated in that? Is that assuming current spot prices continue for the duration of the year? Or are there other sort of factors at play?

Thanks, Josh. I might just talk you through another level of detail in terms of what makes up our operating costs to have those looking towards that top end of guidance. And if you are modeling off the back of that, if you think about our unit cost on a gold basis, it's probably closer to the 5% than the 3%. As we look across our portfolio on the total metal, it's somewhere between 3% and 5%, so -- but if you look at the drivers of it, 50% of our spend is labor, and that's contracted labor as well as employees.

So what we're seeing starting to come through with contracted services, whether it be specialized labor services or the general labor that you bring in for large maintenance shuts, we are starting to see a both a shortage of supply of labor as well as wage premiums coming into the prices that were being quoted for specialized services or shutdowns. Also for instance, Boddington did one of their major shuts through the first quarter. And we had to actually reduce scope for that shut, because simply, you couldn't get the arms and legs due to the mine site, culmination of labor availability in Western Australia and a time of the COVID being released into that community.

So you're seeing -- if you think about that 3% to 5%, 50% of your operating costs, a lot of it is being driven by what we're starting to see come through for some of that contracted services around our operations globally. And given that the quantity of that money, then that 5% is sort of indicative of what we're seeing flow through, but we want to watch it because it is a moving piece. And we want to really see how that plays out through the second quarter.

And Josh, that will play through to exploration, and that will also flow through to some of the contracts -- contracted services we'll bring in for -- be bringing in for some of our capital projects. So we're watching that carefully.

The next 30% is materials and consumables. The real driver in that space is ammonium, which we obviously -- we use for explosives and cyanide. And to an extent, grinding media due to the rising steel prices. We're seeing increasing pricing, probably, increases of 20% to 30% for our landed cost per cyanide. That's flowing through to really representing a small proportion of our operating cost, probably less than 3% of our operating costs when you see that impact flow through.

What we're monitoring more carefully on the materials and consumables is what's happening in the global supply chain. And there's obviously a higher freight cost, but it's also monitoring carefully to ensure that we're getting that cyanide and explosives to our mine sites and actually have those consumables that we need to keep our operations running. So our focus is keeping a wary eye on cost, but more about actively monitoring our entire supply levels for some of those critical materials and consumables.

And then the last one, 15% is energy and the driver of that's diesel. We assured $6 a barrel, and we obviously seeing prices over $100 a barrel. So that's flowing through in terms of the operating cost. But Josh, I think what's going to drive that number will be labor as we look at our business through the remaining part of the year.

Great. Maybe, one more question on the topic. There were some disclosures there about supply chain challenges as well as, I guess, earlier commentary Ron provided on some of the challenges in Ghana. Wondering maybe, I had some many years back from 2008, 2009 of these issues as well. But is this a jurisdiction or kind of localized item on the supply chain for specific areas? Or is it specific components? Or is it across the board?

Yes, it's more specific components, Josh. In the Africa example, it's getting drills in, but we need both the open pit and underground to the opening up of development fronts. And it's the equipment suppliers. It's like buying a motor car. You can get a lot of components together, but there are some components that are filled up, which means there are a delay in that equipment coming through. For the African example, it's drills, which will be impacting the mining industry globally. It's just particularly Subika Underground, needs drills at a critical time in opening up sublevel shrinkage. So that's the specific type of equipment and supply chain issues.

And then the borders or the global border closures with specifically Western Australia and some of the key resource people that come out of Western Australia to operate some of that key equipment. And so we've had some challenges navigating back and forth through some of those border restrictions that are now open. And so we've got that flowing. So that is less of an issue, but we're still seeing those supply chain constraints getting some critical pieces of equipment in order to do the work that we planned to do in our mining operations.

Robert, do you want to build on that?

Yes. Thanks, Tom. And just to add a little bit more color. As Tom said, it was Ghana really was specifically drilled for the Ahafo North project, we're receiving our haul trucks, our graders, our water trucks, those are coming through. But as Tom rightly says, it is specific types of gears, specific types of parts. It isn't everything.

Great. And is there anything else that you can think of beyond on equipment that had that level of tightness? Or is that really kind of #1, the item that would stand out?

I think the type -- on the equipment side, that's the one that's been a particular issue for us, Josh. I think the area that's going to be tight, but for supply and costs that we need to monitor, as I indicated earlier, is going to be labor. I think that's going to be a key driver. And obviously, some of the consumables, just ensuring that we're managing our -- we lean into our global supply chain, those long-term relationships, and we're monitoring that very, very, very closely.

It's also linked to decisions we're making to derisk some of our operations. Knowing that this issue is potentially going to be weak in the world and the mining industry for some time, that decision we're looking at around the deeper underground to drop down and open up a third level and have more headings from which to be able to take ore, is derisking that operation, in fact it's stepping back, making investment now to derisk that operation to better manage some of this volatility and disruptions coming ahead. So we're starting to make decisions that help us manage some of these issues going forward.

Our next question comes from Tanya Jakusconek with Scotiabank.

So many, but I'll keep it just to 3, if I could. Just wanted to just come back to the guidance that you provided and thank you for that. I just want to make sure I heard it correctly because there was a little bit of static on the phone. Tom, did you say that we're looking at 100,000 ounces below 6.2 million for this year?

Yes. Yes, that's correct. And if I give you a little bit more color on that, about 70 -- so it's 100,000 ounces below the 6.2 midpoint that we're starting to see open up. It's managed operations that I'm referring to that are around about 100,000 ounces. 70% of that will come from Subika Underground and the work we do to step back, drop down, open up that third level and really, I was just commenting with Josh, to really derisk that operation as we move forward.

I think about 20% will come from Cripple Creek and Victor. As we, again, look to move to that simpler operation, just mining and heap-leach and incorporate some of the delays that we've seen through both the impact of the Omicron surge through the latter part of last year and the start of this year, plus the very important decision we took to go to fully vaccinated at that site.

So we've got some work to do now to get ahead of some of the wise move to open up the ore to get them onto heap-leach pads. And I think the move to a simpler, longer life operation will contribute about 20%. And then the remaining 10%, we've made up across the 3 Canadian operations that have been pretty significantly disrupted through the first quarter.

So Tanya, around about 100,000 ounces. 70% Subika Underground 20%, CC&V, about 10% Canadian operations.

Okay. And does your guidance -- you mentioned the 53% second half and obviously, first half is going to be weaker. Does all of the asset breakdown that you provided in your Q4 numbers still stand? The only one I noticed that was a bit different was Peñasquito. I think guidance had been equally weighted, but I think you mentioned Q2 is going to be weaker. Just wanted to make sure I understood that correctly.

That's correct. You'll see, when you look at gold production, with where we're mining and kind of see that, you're going to see a bit of a seesaw through the course of the year. So you'll see -- on gold, you'll see it dropped in the second quarter. It will then climb again in the third, and it will drop again in the fourth, but it's about evenly weighted across the 2 halves with a bit of that seesaw effect. So you're just seeing the different metals come through as we're mining through the different phases of both mines, Tanya.

Okay. And just my last question on the guidance. I just wanted to see, how have your April performance been in -- with respect to Omicron like in these jurisdictions? Have you seen an improve in productivity and performance?

Certainly coming out the other side, I might just quickly work through the 4 regions, Tanya. Coming out the other side, certainly in Canada, except for, let's say, Éléonore, where we are still very strict with our protocols of testing and isolating because of our close connections with the First Nation communities around that mine. So we have kept some pretty stringent controls in place at Éléonore. But in general, certainly Canada and in the U.S., Cripple Creek and Victor open up.

Ghana is common, I think it's progressing well. Australia is where -- I think Australia, in general, is awash with the virus at the moment. So April is still being impacted through Tanami and Boddington, but starting to come out the other side of that is the you're really getting the herd immunity in the communities around Australia. Peñasquito is solid and pretty solid through Merian, Yanacocha and Cerro Negro in terms of being the other side of the Omicron surge.

Okay. So it looks like you're coming through it, which is good. And then I'll leave it to one more question, just if I could. You mentioned that you're closely monitoring labor and obviously, your consumables. Can I ask about your labor? Do you have any contracts, union contracts or other that come up for renewal this year that could put more pressure on your costs above and beyond?

We've got contract negotiations in process currently in Ghana. Mexico scheduled for July, Peru is in process and then Suriname, it's been delayed, and then we've got a number of sites that aren't covered by collective agreements. So they're active, but there's nothing that we're seeing unusual in terms of how those negotiations are proceeding.

Okay. So that's within your guidance range you've assumed -- whatever wage inflation is assumed in your guidance for these contracts.

That's correct, Tanya.

And what about your supply -- your global supply chain? Do you have any renewals on cyanide and/or other that's coming through?

No, there's nothing coming through in the medium term on that front, Tanya. So for that one, it's more managing the landed cost from the input cost of gas and the logistics costs of getting it to where it needs to go.

Okay. And nothing else within the supply chain that has to be renegotiated?

Nothing material, Tanya.

Our next question comes from Lawson Winder with Bank of America.

Thanks for the update today. If I could maybe just go back to the cost guidance, just one more time, and sort of get some very specific clarity on the exposure to fuel. And just verify that if we were to mark-to-market WTI at $100 per barrel versus your $60 per barrel, and all else sort of stayed within the assumption ranges, that you still believe you'd be able to stay within your guidance. Is that correct?

Good morning, Lawson, and congratulations on your new role. Yes, when we're talking about that guidance range, staying within our guidance range, but certainly seeing us push towards the top 5%, that is making assumptions around current fuel levels and incorporating that into our costs. And probably, the other piece of information to have at hand while looking at the Newmont portfolio due to that every $10 per barrel change in oil price, our free cash flow is impacted by $15 million per year. But for every $100 increase in gold price, we generate an additional $400 million of free cash flow. So the revenue side is certainly compensating for the additional cost of diesel oil.

But the assumptions we're making around current oil prices and as we're thinking about what oil's going to do going forward this year, that is being incorporated into that indication we're giving around that move to the top end of our guidance. But obviously, we want to understand that this world a bit more through this quarter. And as I indicated in our remarks, we'll provide a further update with the Q2 earnings.

Okay. That's excellent color. And then on the cyanide costs, typically, cyanide pricing is very regional. So I'd be curious to know if you're seeing inflation across all regions? Or are there particular regions where you're seeing that inflation more than others? And particularly, in reference to the 20% to 30% increases in those prices that you're seeing?

We're pretty much seeing that across the board, and it's being driven by what's happening with the price of natural gas across the board. So it's a little bit different driver than, I guess, normal because of the circumstances.

Okay. That's great. And then also, if I could follow up on the working capital build. Nancy, you mentioned that the -- part of that is inventory build. I'd be curious to what extent might that inventory build be sort of structural or supply chain related? And in that same vein, to what extent might that build unwind through the rest of the year?

Yes. That was truly just a quarter-end convention that happens from time to time. So that will release all of those sales that have already taken place into April. And then sometimes, we have a little bit of a buildup at the end of the quarter and sometimes we don't. But yes, I wouldn't think of that as a consistent variable for modeling throughout the year.

And so you would expect it as a typical unwind?

Yes, absolutely.

Great. Okay. And then just one final question then. Maybe, just to get your latest thoughts on the buyback. Obviously, I understand you intend to be opportunistic with that. What are the indicators that tell you that it's a good time to repurchase your shares?

Yes. We always look at a myriad of factors, including current valuation, our own forecast, trading amongst our peers and some of those kinds of things. So we'll always think about what's proper value and when is a good time to get out and buy shares. So in the volatility we're seeing today, we're certainly just evaluating as we always do. But we do continue to use that as a tool at opportunistic times, and appreciate that we still have some runway left on that current program.

Our next question comes from Greg Barnes with TD Securities.

Tom and Rob, I want to talk about supply chain issues and cost pressures across the board. Are you seeing impacts on your capital projects timing and CapEx-wise?

I'll pick that up and maybe, Rob, I'll throw to you for a little bit more color. So the key capital projects -- so maybe, just talk through the 3 of them, Greg, the 3 key ones that really drive that development capital spend. Tanami 2, we are certainly seeing impacts on that specialized labor that we will need to line that shaft. And we are now in a matter of a month or 2 away from having completed the reaming of the 1.5 kilometers, the headframe is nearing completion as well. And we've set up [men] for the next couple of years to align that shaft in order to complete it. So getting that specialized labor two-side set, ready to go for what is a very specialized job in mining that shaft is key.

We have an important milestone as we finish the reaming and shaft to pause and understand that program of work by schedule and cost to fit that out. So I would say in the third quarter, in a good position to say, this is what the run to home looks like. Keep in mind there will be some impacts, but we'll have a pretty good view of that within a matter of a couple of months. But it's more going to be on the specialized labor that we need to get there that's going to drive Tanami 2, Greg.

I'll pause on H1. Rob, do you want to build a color on Tanami 2?

I think the only other color on that, Greg, is that we have done 85% of the engineering and the procurement, so that just highlights the good planning work and the good supply work that we've done. But as Tom said, it really is around that labor availability, in particular in Australia. We're pleased that the borders are open. That helps, but these are very specialist skills and the rates that we are seeing being creeping up is evident.

Then on Ahafo North, engineering is 90% complete, and procurement 60% completeness, as Rob indicated in an earlier answer to a question. We've got a lot of the key heavy mobile equipment landed in Ghana now. So we are really getting to that -- getting the land access. We're getting into the serious business of breaking ground and starting to do the civil works and then start to build, open up the mine and build the processing facility.

So again, for that one, getting that clear date where we have unfettered access to that land which will happen through the second quarter, that's the important milestone for us to then step back and understand what that schedule looks like to have that equipment instated. The engineering gives us more definitive pricing, so they have a clear view of that project by schedule and cost. So probably, similar timing to Tanami 2 during the third quarter. I think we'll be in a good position to give an update based upon those 2 key milestones.

Rob, is there anything you want to add on Ahafo North?

I think the only other one, Greg, that I'd add is just a significant milestone that I mentioned in my preamble about the road. That's a road that goes through the lease. We've got full cabinet approval to move that. So again, in terms of schedule, that is a very positive step.

And then the third one is the Yanacocha Sulfide. I think given what we're seeing in the world, fortuitously, the decisions we made that were driven by the pandemic to pause or to delay the full funds approval, but to continue with committing to -- we committed to move forward with 23 major equipment packages. And we have locked in factory slots and in a lot of instances, pricing for key pieces of equipment. Oxygen plants, mills, electric motors, the autoclave, the core part of the pressure oxidation circuit, the autoclave vessel, will actually be on the ground at Yanacocha by the end of this year. So we've been able to derisk a number of elements of that project by making the decision to commit to some of those packages of work.

Engineering is around 50% complete. We've got head construction well advanced. So there's a bunch of stuff we're doing to derisk that project whilst we move towards full funds. And we're working very closely with Bechtel to understand the inflationary pressures around -- the other things that come with that project as we gear up with both our labor and construction workforce. And then all of the other pieces that you need to build that facility as we take that engineering -- that detailed engineering and work out detailed costs. So that's important input to the full funds decision later this year.

Rob, anything you can add to that?

You covered the majority of it well, Tom. I think the only other thing, Greg, this is where an update on the construction of the camp continues to go really well. And obviously, that's key to allow the workforce to come in and start the major construction of the autoclave and the rest of the process plant facilities, but that is proceeding very well.

Greg, does that give you the sort of color you're looking for?

Yes, that's exactly it. So on the Yanacocha Sulfide, do you think we're going to get a Q3 update on what that project looks like as well? Or will that be more of Q4, early '23 event?

More Q4, Greg. We'll flip, as the engineers say, we'll flip the line on the engineering in the next month or so. Drop out -- drop in all of those detailed schedules. And then you've got quite an extensive piece of work to do basically cost and schedule estimate to build towards the full funds decision. So that will consume the third quarter, so will be end of the fourth quarter before you have all of that come together. But certainly, the other 2 projects, the third quarter.

Okay. And just to finish off, others of your peers have talked about CapEx inflation in the range of 15% to 20%. Is that what you're seeing? Or do you think you've avoided the worst of that, at least on Tanami and Ahafo North?

There's certainly elements that the mining industry are talking about in terms of that cost escalation, we've been able to avoid because of the procurement we've got underway and the engineering that we've done and the like. However, so the issue for us is more that the pandemic has impacted the pace at which you can do the work. And so for us, it's going to be as we actually -- as we pause those milestones and understand the work going forward and you look at what the schedule is against what we assumed it to be, for us, it's probably going to be more an issue of the indirect costs that you carry for potentially a longer period of time than you assumed. So that's going to be a factor for us.

And we'll see elements, I think we'll see elements for aligning of the shaft and that specialized labor that will have some cost escalation in that. So sort of jumping around, it will be great. I think there will be an element of it and there's an element that's COVID that's an pandemic-related given we were into those projects.

I don't know, Robert, do you want to...

I would just reinforce, Greg, that the biggest issue and obviously, the cost of labor goes into our capital as well. That's the biggest risk that we've got. I think, we've been very good with our preplanning and the decision-making around the long lead time items and the advancement of the engineering, but it's the cost of labor, which is going to provide that risk to the upside.

And as Tom mentioned before, we're seeing it, in particular, in Australia, and there's no doubt that's something that we're managing closely and we're going to have to keep an eye on.

I don't want to belabor this, but in terms of the specialized labor costs, can you give us an idea of how much it's going up percentage-wise? This is what perhaps you expected? Or is it too early to say yet?

Greg, I think given the capital projects, we hit those milestones and have those definitive schedules and then costs, I think probably, better to wait and give you the definitive numbers as they apply to those 2 projects rather than sort of just throw out a number that's a bit more generic.

Our next question comes from... .

Operator, before we move on. We'll stay on the line until we've exhausted everyone's question. So more than welcome to stay on, but we'll stay here until everyone's asked their questions. Sorry, operator.

Our next question comes from Fahad Tariq of Credit Suisse.

My questions have been answered.

Our next question comes from Anita Soni with CIBC World Market.

So I just wanted to follow up on Greg's question related to CapEx. So -- Like, I was looking back through the transcripts and previously, you guys had said in Q4 that it would be a 55-45 split on capital this year. So what I'm sort of understanding and what I assumed was that if the spending is not happening, you only came in at 18%. It's kind of -- it's moved into the second half of the year now, because that's the rate of spend. And is it safe to assume that next, because of the rate of spend, because you can't get the labor or whatever delays that you have that next year and perhaps, the year after, you might see the budgets go up a little, but because the work has been moved out. And as we think about Yanacocha Sulfides, like reasonably, if you're saying that the timelines might be impacted by this, should we be thinking about, perhaps, a delay in the startup of Yanacocha Sulfides?

Yes, I think you -- In terms of that spend profile, I think you're describing it well. I think you're still going to see that similar weighting towards the second half for the nature of these projects, that's been just flowing into the following year and the following year will flow forward into the year after that. So I think it will be an element of maybe, a bit more spend next year, but I think you'll also see that it will move into '24 as well. So it's just that flat line moving forward.

Still progressing towards the end of the year, full funds decision for Sulfides. And once that full funds decision is taken, camp will be complete, so have beds for 4,000 people. Bechtel are gearing up. And actually, Bechtel hired the workforce directly for a lot of that work. And so we would -- with the assumption we get a full funds decision at the end of the year, we will gear up and start to ramp up into '23. So I wouldn't see a delay in us starting to break ground seriously on Yanacocha Sulfides.

Okay. And then the second question is a bit big picture. As I look through all of the assets and operations, for the most part, the grades, like I would have thought it was more of an impact on tonnage with Omicron, but there are some assets where grades came in substantially below. And I was just wondering if that -- do you expect that to rebound closer to reserve grade at most of the operations? Like I'd name Éléonore is one of them. Definitely Akyem and Ahafo, Peñasquito, the recovery rates were actually quite low versus the prior quarter, but that may be a great way to decision.

And then the last one, CC&V that heap leach, that grade is really low compared to what you had in the prior quarter. So if you could give a little bit of color about grades at some of these operations, that would be great.

Thanks. What I might do is give you a bit of a general overview on that, maybe, get Rob just to give a bit of a color on some of those operations. But I think it's -- we talk about the direct impacts from the pandemic, the Omicron surge in terms of labor availability in a particular quarter and costs and the like. But you're also seeing, what I'd call, the indirect impacts where this pandemic has been chronic and so your mine sequences are different from what they would have otherwise been if you were able to just have unfettered access to run your business as normal.

So some of that grade discrepancy is the mine sequence and where you are in a particular month or quarter compared to where you assumed you would be. But certainly, as we get the stronger second half of this year, part of that is linked to moving into higher grades. And Rob, I don't know if you wanted to pick up on Peñasquito or Cripple Creek and Victor or Anita, I'm more than happy to go offline with you and picture them in detail for you as well.

Yes. I think, Tom, you covered the key things. And Anita, just to reinforce what Tom said, we're not seeing any major grade challenges. It truly is the timing that -- with the challenges through COVID, some of our developments got behind. We haven't had the availability of the stopes. And as Tom rightly said, we're out of sequence. In particular, those underground mines in Canada that you mentioned. At Peñasquito, there's nothing major or nothing different that's happened there, and you'll certainly see that rebound quite quickly in the coming months.

And in CC&V, in terms of the heap leach, the heap leach is lower at the moment. But again, as we uncover the fresher ore, we'll see that heap leach being raised. So it is around the timing. It is around the sequence, and we can't underplay, especially, on those underground mine sites that were affected by the Omicron, just the lack of development has impacted getting to some of the stopes at the time we expected. But no major issues. The grade is certainly still in the ground, and you'll see that rebound later in the year.

Okay. And so as we look at these assets, if we were trying to compare where you would be, it's basically 2 years culmination of slightly getting behind on development work on some of these things. So -- Right?

Yes, up to 2 years, there's other operations, which have been relatively unaffected. But the worst is up to 2 years and somewhere, it may only be 6 months.

Our next question comes from Adam Josephson with KeyBanc.

Tom, a couple of questions for you on cost, if you don't mind. So if your gold CAS ends up being, call it, 850, 860 this year, just given the general stickiness of inflation that you and many others are experiencing, how, if at all, does that affect your thinking about your gold CAS guidance for next year, which would imply quite a healthy decline in cost per ounce? Just amid this highly inflationary environment?

When you look at our out year cost guidance, we don't assume any inflation in those numbers, they're unescalated. So if it was a standard year that we were seeing before this pandemic, we would typically have 2% to 3% escalation with them to get built into that number as we build towards guiding for next year. What we're seeing is unprecedented in terms of what's playing out in the world with the combination of the pandemic and the war in Ukraine. So in terms of what CAS might look like next year, I think we're going to see more of our how a few key events play out this year.

What's going to happen with the pandemic. Are the supply chain is going to settle down. It's -- What's going to play out in Ukraine. And as we start our work actually next week with our key leaders around the business starting to map out our business plan we build towards, in October, a Board meeting to approve the plan and then we guide in December. So the coming months are ones in which we will step back, look at what's happening on a macroeconomic sense, what's structural, what's cyclical, what is '23 looking like and therefore, what our unit cost is going to look like next year. So that's how we think about it. So it's unescalated, yes.

I appreciate that. Yes. And just relatedly, I mean, as you said, this is unprecedented. None of us have seen inflation like this, just drawing on past cycles that you've been through, how long would you expect this inflationary cycle to last for just -- or is there no way to answer that question because we're seeing things that we've never seen and consequently, drawing on past cycles is almost meaningless in this environment?

I think we are in unchartered territories, Adam, and it's -- and as I think you've seen throughout the -- in terms of what I'm observing in the mining industry is that they are out reporting a very, very similar commentary, so an unchartered territory. I still, as we look at macroeconomics and often debate, still see it is more cyclical and a long cycle than structural. But we are in unchartered territory, so I would say that there's some caution.

And what -- How long -- What has the duration been of those previous inflationary cycles just for you, just roughly speaking?

Roughly speaking, a couple of years inflationary cycles, but I'm really drawing on straw here.

Yes. No...

It's just a circumstance that is unprecedented in modern history.

Yes. No, understood. Thank you very much, Tom.

Our next question comes from Mike Parkin with National Bank.

Most have been asked. Just one, on the follow-up in terms of delays and challenges with sourcing equipment. Can you just speak to, is it a function of delays in manufacturing the equipment? Or is it more of a function of securing containers and getting it shipped to site? Can you just give a bit more color in terms of where the underlying delay is situated?

Yes. The delay for some of that key equipment, the drills that have been particularly problematic for us is manufacturing. So it's actually getting the drill in the queue and manufactured. So it's the labor availability within those shops, and then having the materials that you need to fabricate those drills and then have them come out the door.

So as Rob is indicating, we've got all of the heavy mobile equipment for Ahafo North on the ground in Ghana. So although there are challenges with logistics and freight, we can get from a manufacturer's warehouse to our facilities, albeit with some delays. But the key issue is within the manufacturing shop. Robert, do you want to build on that?

I'd just add a couple of points there, Mike. And I think it's very similar to what you hear in the automobile industry that -- we know that the significant delays for new cars, whether it's the microchips, whether it's the capacitors, et cetera. And each one of the equipment manufacturers, they can get some things, but not all things. And they're managing their supply chains very, very carefully. So it's nothing different to what the car manufacturers are seeing.

And again, one of the advantages in Newmont is that we are -- we have got a global supply chain. We've got excellent relationships with our equipment manufacturers, but it's just staying abreast of their challenges, whether they're from -- in China, whether it's from India, et cetera, and those key electrical components as well as those ones which are manufactured elsewhere.

Our next question comes from Cleve Rueckert with UBS.

Thanks, everybody, for staying on the line. I appreciate your generosity with the time. I have a couple of questions, and hopefully, we can work through pretty quickly. I want to just first ask the inflation question a little bit differently. At what point would you reevaluate the gold price assumed for budgeting? When could you possibly move from $1,200 an ounce?

Very good question. We are actively debating that now. I think it is -- we are now seeing, I think, in the same way that we're working our way through the inflation piece as you indicated, and as Adam was trying to explore and understand, that inflationary piece is driving gold price. We're now seeing gold price at current levels and as we start to get in amongst our macroeconomics and start to have our internal debate, start to do our business planning work, where is gold price heading and what does the flow look like for gold price is a debate that is active with us now, and we'll be having that debate over the coming months as we think about whether we're getting into a zone where it's time to look at resetting the floor for gold price.

So I guess, just in terms of timing, that sort of -- it sounds like it would be a year-end budgeting decision?

It's certainly something we are actively debating around, whether it's something we incorporate into our planning processes this year. As you unpack the macroeconomics around gold, you are seeing some fundamental shifts.

Right. Okay. And then, just following up on the CapEx. Tom, I think you said that Bechtel is doing the Yanacocha work for you. I don't know if you can give us any color. Are those engineering and construction projects being done on a fixed price basis at all? Or is it cost plus? I mean, is there any shared risk on the cost side with your subcontractors?

Yes. It's a bit -- I might just pass across to Rob who manages the very close relationships with those key EPCM contractors, but it's a bit variable across the projects, I'd expect.

It is, Cleve, depending on what we're doing, there's some things that you lock in without a doubt. And we much prefer making sure that we've got things -- that we've got that confidence and clarity. But we've got other areas such as we've explained before, where the labor costs have gone up, the materials are capped, the manufacturing is capped, but it's the labor costs, which are flexible.

So we typically like to have full confidence and full knowledge of what we're planning, but it's a little bit variable, and depending on the work that we're doing.

The big project, Cleve -- the Yanacocha Sulfides, our supply chain team and the Bechtel supply chain team are working hand in glove as we understand, obviously, those '23 key work packages that are out there now. But as we look at all the steel or the fabrication of that steel and the other things to assemble a processing plan, working hand in glove in terms of understanding that all those elements, what -- around the world, what's the status of those workshops and their capacity to take work packages.

So there are elements of, as Rob said, variable, but there are elements where you actually want to be working hand in glove with that contractor to get the best outcome to deliver the project on time and on budget and deliver the value that you're expecting from it. So (inaudible).

Got it. That's pretty clear. And then just finally, again, a little bit unrelated, but I'm just wondering if you're able to kind of adapt your COVID protocols to, I guess, the changing circumstances of the virus. I mean, Tommy, I think you said at the very beginning of the call that the severity of Omicron that you saw in your sites was much lower than the previous variants. I'm just wondering if you're able to adapt the protocols that you use, the protocols that you have in place to varying severity.

Thanks, Cleveland. A very important decision we took, and I think very few other companies have taken, but I'm so glad we took the decision, is to require every person who works at Newmont to be fully vaccinated. We lost 25 colleagues to this virus over the last 2.5 years. And through the Omicron surge, we had 1 person hospitalized with an underlying health condition. And you saw the spike in those positive cases. And us having made that decision has saved lives. And that is going to put us in good stead going forward for future waves because we have a workforce that is now highly resilient.

So that is going to put us in a good position. Rob, did you want to maybe talk about how we think about managing our ability to open up or tighten up our protocols? And obviously, underlying workforce we vaccinated gives us a lot of confidence in decisions we made.

Certainly, Cleve. And it's a great question. We have a COVID committee, which we meet on a regular basis for exactly that. And it's to respond to make sure that as things open up, that we open up the measures that we have. And just as an example, when I was in Ghana a couple of weeks ago. For the last 2 years, everybody has been wearing masks. Everybody has been sitting separately at lunch. There's no longer the need for masks, there's no longer the need for people to sit separately at dinner and launch, et cetera. And the same is at CC&V.

And at Peñasquito, we've got a clear plan in terms of how do we start relaxing those metrics. In Canada as well. We've relaxed at Porcupine. But then, similarly, at the likes of Éléonore because of the First Nation that Tom spoke about, we are making sure that additional precautions are taken to protect those First Nations. But similarly, we are constantly monitoring through our health partners, the different variants which are coming up. So we are very able to quickly ramp up those protocols as and when needed.

But as -- because of the vaccination, it has allowed us to utilize less vehicles because we can get more people in the vehicles. We can get back to more people in planes. We can get people back on to the buses, et cetera. So we're really responding to where the virus is at. But at all times, we can quickly go back if need be, and it's something that we assess on a very regular basis.

Our next question comes from Michael Dudas with Vertical Research.

You guys have done a perfect job this morning of sharing your thoughts and putting very frankly on what's going on in the industry. So my questions are all done and best of luck and we'll talk to you next quarter.

Our next question comes from Brian MacArthur with Raymond James.

Thank you for taking all the time today. Most of my questions have been answered on this cost thing, and I think we've been sorted of, but can I just check one thing. We're talking -- when you're saying 3% to 5%, if I put it this way, is gross dollars up on the cost base. And where I'm going with this, maybe, I guess it's the only silver lining in any of this, when you did your guidance, I mean, you used $1.15 for zinc and $3.25 for copper. So we're talking -- we're not talking on a per GEO basis or anything here, because you should get a pretty big credit if zinc prices stay where we are and copper prices stay where we are. I mean, is this a -- I mean, on a margin basis, at least the $200 million plus offset of all of this, still? You're not factoring that in your guidance when you talk 3% to 5% up?

You are honing in quite nicely. It is predominantly cost-driven. And if you were to model on all-in sustaining cost per gold ounce, I'd probably use 5%. And I think we will get some benefit as we then come back to our total metal profile, a good another 1.5 million ounces -- gold equivalent ounces on how those metal prices play out in terms of how you calculate on GEO, that will give you some benefit in the unit costs. And maybe, a bit lighter than the 5% as you quite rightly pointed out.

Our next question comes from Tanya Jakusconek with Scotiabank.

I'm just thinking, as I listen to all of this on costs and -- I know at the beginning of the year, when you gave guidance, Tom, in December, you were thinking and embedded 5% within the cost structure. Now, we're looking more at 8% to 10% in the structure. And I'm just kind of thinking, a lot of what we saw in Q1, we didn't really see the full impacts of the oil price come through the cost structure, I think, for most of the companies. And I know that yours is quite low. You've given guidance on $60 a barrel, and it's only a $2 per ounce move for a $10 per barrel move. I'm kind of just wondering, at what point do we get through that $2, like, when are we going to get to actual spot pricing? And when we do, am I looking more at a sensitivity of $6 per ounce for a $10 barrel move? I'm just trying to see, as we work through the hedges and get to full exposure, so I can kind of look into my 2023 numbers.

Thanks, Tanya. You're certainly seeing -- what we saw play out in the first quarter was an escalation or inflation at the levels that we'd assumed. So it's really, as we tell more of a production story related to the Omicron surge that is around Q1. And we now pivoting to more of a cost story and additional inflation as we move into the remaining 3 quarters of the year.

So you're starting to see in this quarter, those higher diesel prices flow through. And just to clarify, we don't hedge any of our oil. So it's spot price that you see flow through in our cost base. So you're certainly seeing that oil price in our costs as we enter the second quarter and moving forward.

Okay. So that $2 per ounce is a good number to use going forward?

Yes.

There are currently no further questions in queue. (Operator Instructions). This concludes the Q&A answer session. I would now like to turn the conference back over to Tom Palmer for closing remarks.

Thank you, operator, and thank you, everyone, for taking the extra time to work through our call with us today, and please have a lovely weekend, and I look forward to catching up with you on our analyst roundtable in a couple of weeks' time. Thanks, everyone.

The conference has now concluded. Thank you for attending today's presentation. You may now disconnect.