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Operator
Good morning, and thank you for standing by. (Operator Instructions) Today's conference is being recorded. If you have any objections, you may disconnect at this time.
It is now my pleasure to turn the call over to Whit Kincaid.
Whit Kincaid - Vice President - Investor Relations and Communications
Good morning, everyone. Thank you for joining us for Mueller Water Products first-quarter conference call. Yesterday afternoon, we issued our press release reporting results of operations for the quarter ended December 31, 2025. A copy of the press release is available on our website, muellerwaterproducts.com. I have joined this morning by Martie Zakas, our Chief Executive Officer; Paul McAndrew, our President and Chief Operating Officer; and Melissa Rasmussen, our Chief Financial Officer.
Following our prepared remarks, we will address questions related to the information covered on the call. As a reminder, please keep to one question and a follow-up and then return to the queue. This morning's call is being recorded and webcast live on the internet. We have also posted slides on our website to accompany today's discussion.
They also address forward-looking statements and our non-GAAP disclosure requirements. At this time, please refer to slide 2. This slide identifies non-GAAP financial measures referenced in our press release, on our slides and on this call. It discloses the reasons why we believe these measures provide useful information to investors.
Reconciliations between non-GAAP and GAAP financial measures are included in the supplemental information within our press release and on our website. Slide 3 addresses forward-looking statements made on this call. This slide includes cautionary information identifying important factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from those included in forward-looking statements.
Please review slides 2 and 3 in their entirety. During this call, all references to a specific year or quarter, unless specified otherwise, refer to our fiscal year, which ends the 30th of September. A replay of this morning's call will be available for 30 days at 1-800-814-6745. The archived webcast and corresponding slides will be available for at least 90-days on the Investor Relations section of our website.
I'll now turn the call over to Martie.
Marietta Zakas - Chief Executive Officer, Director
Thanks, Whit. Good morning, everyone. Thank you for joining our first-quarter Earnings Call. As a reminder, this is my last week as Mueller's CEO. After my opening remarks, I will hand the call over to Paul to provide an overview of our performance followed by Melissa, who will go over our first-quarter financial results and discuss our increased guidance for 2026.
It has been the highlight of my career to lead this talented team, an extraordinary company with its rich legacy and iconic brands. The sense of fulfillment I feel in what the entire Mueller team has accomplished together is beyond words. It's thanks to their hard work and unwavering dedication that we have become the successful company we are today.
Mueller plays a critical and essential role as a leader in water infrastructure products and solutions every day. I have great confidence that Paul, the leadership team and all our talented employees will build on our positive momentum. I believe our performance this quarter and over the last few years is just the beginning. I look forward to seeing Paul and the entire Mueller team write the next chapter in Mueller's winning legacy.
I'll now turn it over to Paul.
Paul Mcandrew - President, Chief Operating Officer
Thanks, Martie. Good morning, everyone. Before reviewing our performance, I want to start by recognizing Martie and thank her for her incredible leadership. With nearly 2 decades of dedicated service, she has shaped Mueller into the company we are today. I am grateful that she will continue to guide us as a senior adviser through the end of the year.
Since joining Mueller more than three-years ago, I have witnessed firsthand the passion, expertise and commitment of our team members. I believe we are in the early stages of our transformation. We have improved operational execution, strengthened relationships with our stakeholders and delivered outstanding results, all while navigating a challenging external environment.
I am pleased with the great start to our fiscal year. We delivered net sales growth of 4.6% in the quarter, supported by resilient end markets and our focus on delivering outstanding customer service. Our operations and supply chain teams executed well as manufacturing efficiencies more than offset the impact from higher tariffs and inflationary pressures, driving year-over-year gross margin expansion.
This includes the expected benefits from efficiencies associated with the transition to our new brass foundry. These improvements led to first-quarter records for net sales, gross margin, adjusted EBITDA and adjusted EBITDA margin. During the quarter, we generated $44 million of free cash flow and continued our balanced approach to cash allocation.
We invested approximately $17 million in capital expenditures and returned approximately $16 million to shareholders through our quarterly dividend payment and share repurchases. We are raising our fiscal 2026 guidance, reflecting our strong first-quarter results and current views for the rest of the year. Our end market expectations are consistent with our prior guidance.
We anticipate that healthy municipal repair and replacement activity and strong growth in project-related work using specialty valves will more than offset slower new residential construction activity. Our operations and supply chain teams continue to work with suppliers to manage the ongoing tariffs and inflationary pressures, mainly related to brass.
With this in mind, we recently announced price actions across most product lines. We are on track to deliver another year of gross and adjusted EBITDA margin expansion, supported by our operational and commercial initiatives. Overall, I am excited about our team's strong performance this quarter. We expect that our ongoing investments in our commercial and operational capabilities.
Together with strategic capital expenditures will enable us to increase capacity, achieve sustained margin expansion and deliver long-term value creation. I am grateful for our dedicated employees who serve our stakeholders with relentless drive and passion.
With that, I'll turn it over to Melissa, who will take us through the financials.
Melissa Rasmussen - Chief Financial Officer, Senior Vice President
Thanks, Paul, and good morning, everyone. We are pleased to report a great start to the year with consolidated net sales increasing 4.6% to $318.2 million, surpassing last year's strong first-quarter performance. This growth was driven primarily by higher pricing across most product lines, partially offset by slightly lower volumes.
Gross profit for the quarter increased 16.3% to $119.8 million and gross margin expanded 380 basis points to 37.6%. The improvement in gross profit was primarily driven by higher pricing and manufacturing efficiencies as well as inventory, and other asset write-downs at WFS in the prior year period that did not recur.
Manufacturing efficiencies largely resulted from the expected benefits associated with the closure of our legacy brass foundry last year. These benefits were partially offset by higher tariffs and ongoing inflationary pressures. Total SG&A expenses for the quarter of $59.8 million increased $5.9 million compared with the prior year, reflecting higher personnel costs, inflationary pressures and unfavorable foreign currency impacts.
Operating income increased 19.6% in the quarter to $56.7 million compared with the prior year. Operating income included $3.3 million of strategic reorganization and other charges, which have been excluded from adjusted results along with the inventory and other asset write-downs at WFS. Turning now to our consolidated non-GAAP results for the quarter.
Adjusted operating income increased 14.5% in the first-quarter to $60 million driven by higher pricing and continued manufacturing efficiencies, partially offset by increased tariffs, inflationary pressures and higher SG&A expenses. Adjusted operating margin expanded 170 basis points year-over-year to 18.9%. Adjusted EBITDA reached a first-quarter record of $72.1 million an increase of 13.5% compared to the prior year quarter.
Adjusted EBITDA margin expanded 180 basis points year-over-year to 22.7% marking a new first-quarter record. Over the last 12-months, adjusted EBITDA was $335 million or 23.2% of net sales, a 90-basis point improvement compared with the prior 12-month period. Net interest expense of $1 million declined $0.6 million, reflecting higher interest income.
Adjusted net income per diluted share increased by 16% year-over-year to $0.29, setting another first-quarter record. Moving on to quarterly segment performance, starting with WFS. Net sales decreased 0.9% to $173 million, primarily reflecting lower volumes of service brass products, which were partially offset by higher pricing across most product lines and increased volumes of specialty valves.
Adjusted operating income increased 28% to $49.4 million. The increase reflects benefits from manufacturing efficiencies and higher pricing, which more than offset increased tariffs, inflationary pressures, lower volumes and higher SG&A expenses. Adjusted EBITDA grew 26.4% to $56.5 million and adjusted EBITDA margin expanded 710 basis points to 32.7% compared with 25.6% in the prior year period.
WFS set a new record for quarterly adjusted EBITDA margin. I'll now move to quarterly results for WMS. Net sales increased 12% to $145.2 million, driven by higher pricing across most product lines and strong volume growth of hydrants. The benefits were partially offset by lower volumes for natural gas distribution and repair products. Adjusted operating income decreased 11.2% to $24.5 million.
The decline reflects increased tariffs, manufacturing inefficiencies, higher SG&A expenses, inflationary pressures and unfavorable foreign currency. These headwinds more than offset the benefits from higher pricing and hydrant volume growth. Adjusted EBITDA in the quarter decreased 9.5% to $29.5 million and adjusted EBITDA margin contracted 480 basis points to 20.3%.
Moving on to cash flow. Net cash provided by operating activities for the three-month period was $61.2 million, an increase of $7.1 million compared with the prior year. The improvement was primarily driven by higher net income and non-cash adjustments, partially offset by changes in working capital and other assets and liabilities.
Capital expenditures through the first three-months of the year increased to $17.2 million compared with $11.9 million in the prior year, reflecting continued investments in our iron foundries. Free cash flow for the period increased $1.8 million to $44 million and was 96% of adjusted net income, in line with our expectations.
We ended the quarter with $452 million of total debt and $460 million of cash and cash equivalents. Our balance sheet remains strong and flexible with no debt maturities until June 2029 and $450 million of senior notes at a 4% fixed interest rate. We had no borrowings under our ABL and ended the quarter with $623 million of total liquidity, including $164 million of availability under the ABL.
As a result, we continue to maintain ample liquidity, capacity and financial flexibility to support our strategic priorities, including pursuing acquisitions. I will now review our updated outlook for fiscal 2026. We are raising our full year guidance for consolidated net sales by $20 million at the midpoint of the range. Our net sales growth is now expected to be between 2.8% and 4.2% year-over-year, reflecting our strong first-quarter performance and our current expectations for end market demand orders and price realization, which includes expected benefits from our recently announced price actions across most product lines.
We are also increasing our annual adjusted EBITDA guidance by $10 million at the midpoint to a new range of $355 million and $360 million. At the midpoint, our updated guidance range represents an adjusted EBITDA margin of more than 24%, an improvement of more than 100 basis points year-over-year. We are maintaining our expectations for total SG&A expenses.
We continue to expect our second half adjusted EBITDA margin to be higher than the first half of the year largely driven by seasonality of net sales. Additionally, we expect the benefits from our recently announced price actions will start to phase in the coming months, benefiting gross margins in the second half of the year.
We are reaffirming our expectations for capital expenditures to be between $60 million and $65 million and continue to expect free cash flow to exceed 85% of adjusted net income for the year.
With that, I'll turn it back to Paul for closing comments.
Paul Mcandrew - President, Chief Operating Officer
Thanks, Melissa. I want to provide a few closing comments before opening it up for Q&A. We are excited about our start to the year as we continue to execute well despite the challenging external environment. We are pleased to be raising our annual guidance at this point in the year. We are benefiting from our strategic capital investments and improving commercial and operational execution.
We are confident that we can build on our momentum to accelerate net sales growth and expand our margins further. I want to thank all our employees worldwide for the extraordinary commitment and passion and supporting our customers and communities. They are the reason for our success and why Mueller has been a trusted partner for over a century.
That concludes our comments. Operator, please open the line up for questions.
Operator
(Operator Instructions) Tyler Bisset, Goldman Sachs.
Tyler Bisset - Analyst
This is Tyler Bisset on for Brian. So you guys took revenue guidance up for the year, reflecting the 1Q results and price increases so far. So can you quantify how much you guys have raised prices so far this year and how that compares to prior years? Should we think about this revised guidance is almost entirely due to the higher prices? Or are you seeing improved demand across any key areas of your business?
Paul Mcandrew - President, Chief Operating Officer
So as we said in our prior guidance, it didn't include our annual price increase, which we recently announced, which we will see the main benefit in Q3 -- our fiscal Q3. Prior guidance included the prior year price increase, plus the tariff price increase that we put in effect, which really took effect in Q4 of the prior fiscal year. So in your question, yes, the majority of the increased growth in our guidance is predominantly price related.
Tyler Bisset - Analyst
All right. And then I guess just like in relation to that, on Water Flow, you guys saw a nice pickup in margins, and you called out manufacturing efficiencies and favorable pricing. So can you break down the impact from those two items and how you expect margins to trend for the balance of the year?
Melissa Rasmussen - Chief Financial Officer, Senior Vice President
Sure. With Water flow, I want to remind you that we had mentioned last year that we would expect to see a benefit as we close the legacy brass foundry. We saw a benefit in the second half of last year, and we expect to see a benefit from that in the first half of this year. So we benefited from the closure of the iron foundry in first-quarter. And that was the largest impact.
And like I said, you'll see that again through second-quarter. With the -- we did have -- sorry, we had some impact related to tariffs and we'll continue to expect to see that as well. The tariffs will start to lap in the second half of the year as they started to really impact us as a whole in third-quarter of last year.
Operator
Deane Dray, RBC Capital Markets.
Deane Dray - Analyst
Can I start with, once again, congratulating, Martie. I wish you all the best, and truly, you're leaving the company in really good hands. It isn't often that you see smooth leadership transitions. It's nice when it happens. And I just wanted to call that out and again, wish you all the best.
Marietta Zakas - Chief Executive Officer, Director
Great. Well, look, thank you, Deane. And I think just echoing what you said, I think everything was structured to ensure that it was a very smooth CEO transition, and I think things are going very, very well and look forward to Paul and the leadership team taking this company forward.
Deane Dray - Analyst
Terrific. And then just for Melissa, can you size for us the inflation pressures? And just to clarify, you said that the price increases should more than offset those pressures as they stand today?
Melissa Rasmussen - Chief Financial Officer, Senior Vice President
Yes. As the price increases, we do expect to be price positive -- price/cost positive for the full year. For inflation, we typically see a low single-digit range of inflation. However, since the tariffs went into effect last year, that's more than doubled. In our guidance, we have incorporated an approximately 3% impact from the tariffs as we netted out the efficiencies that we expected to gain from that. So a 3% impact is what we're seeing related to the tariffs.
Deane Dray - Analyst
Great. And then just the second question, has there been any update on your assumptions regarding residential lot development, just kind of activity there? What's the expectation?
Paul Mcandrew - President, Chief Operating Officer
Deane, there's been no change in our assumption. We still anticipate that high single-digit range of slowdown in residential construction we track external reports. We look at the public homebuilders and they kind of all aligned in what we are guiding to there on the decline in housing starts. But I think if you think about positive though, given the low inventory on homes, the population demographics, we could see land and housing activity increase, particularly if rates lower, and we are ready to support that activity.
Operator
(Operator Instructions) Bryan Blair, Oppenheimer.
Bryan Blair - Analyst
And I'll echo Deane's sentiments. Congrats, Martie, you're definitely leaving Mueller in a very solid place.
Marietta Zakas - Chief Executive Officer, Director
Very good. Thanks, Bryan.
Bryan Blair - Analyst
I have a couple of higher-level questions. Paul, you had mentioned that Mueller's transformation remains kind of early innings, early stages. Maybe offer a little more color on that. What are the next steps in the team's journey? And what does that mean for through-the-cycle growth prospects, margin entitlement, any of those kind of key metrics?
Paul Mcandrew - President, Chief Operating Officer
Bryan, we've really improved our commercial and operational investments over the last few years and bringing a lot more discipline to the organization, which you can kind of see how we've been achieving our results and our margin expansion. I think looking forward, the capital expenditures that we got laid out in our iron foundries for domestic capability is going to drive further capacity and further efficiencies for further margin expansion.
And then just continuing that strategy of how we interact with our customers, either through digitally or in terms of our training programs, our whole commercial team segued with the operational investments. And we are well positioned with our specialty valve portfolio to capture the project work that's related to that product line. So overall, continue our commercial operational initiatives and drive capacity and margin expansion with our capital investments.
Bryan Blair - Analyst
Okay. Understood. That all makes sense. And how about capital deployment? I think it's fair to say that your team is in a better position, has the rights to deploy capital more so than any time in Mueller's history. Balance sheet is in great shape, generating pretty solid cash flow. So it would be great to hear the funnel development, thoughts on actionability, the kinds of assets of greatest interest, if and when they're available.
Paul Mcandrew - President, Chief Operating Officer
Yes. Great point, Bryan. We are in a much more better position now our improved momentum on execution, acquisitions are more of a priority for us. We continue to evaluate the funnel, evaluating opportunities with a strong focus on drinking water and wastewater and infrastructure exposure where we can drive synergies with our operations and our commercial teams, it is a priority of ours.
Melissa Rasmussen - Chief Financial Officer, Senior Vice President
And Bryan, I'll add on related to the capital as far as our capital expenditures. We had expressed that we will begin spending 4% to 5% of net sales in the next couple of years. And Paul's earlier point, that is related to our iron foundries and investing in domestic capabilities and to drive efficiencies and increase capacity across the board.
Bryan Blair - Analyst
Understood. I was more focused on inorganic or M&A deployment with the follow-up question, but I completely understand that the higher return is on the organic side, and you have that path forward. Thanks again.
Operator
Michael Anastasiou, TD Cowen.
Michael Anastasiou - Analyst
This is Michael on for Joe. So just wondering, can you just run through your exposures? Maybe help us get a better understanding of the repair and replace contribution in the quarter, new builds, gas and tech such as meters and leak detection, understanding that for the quarter would be helpful. And then as we look towards the remainder of the year, maybe just help us contextualize those assumptions and guidance.
Melissa Rasmussen - Chief Financial Officer, Senior Vice President
Sure. The quarter, we had a strong quarter, grew by 4.6%, and that was related to higher pricing across most of our product lines and slightly lower volumes. We did see volume growth in specialty and hydrants and that more than offset -- was offset by a decrease in service brass and natural gas and repair. We continue to expect to see resilient end markets.
Paul had mentioned earlier that we will continue to expect to see a decrease in the residential outlook, but strong performance in the residential or the municipal market. And then how it flows to guidance we can -- as far as the overall guidance report, we expect that we'll see growth on a consolidated basis for each subsequent quarter for the year.
We do expect that will be driven by slightly positive volumes at the midpoint and price realization in the low to mid-single digits. We'll see normalized seasonality and that, again, will be healthy municipal and strong growth in specialty valves, offset slightly by the residential impact.
Michael Anastasiou - Analyst
Great. And any way you could just drill down a little bit more deeply on like the growth rates for those particular markets assumed in the guide? I know you mentioned kind of from a high-level qualitative perspective, but just trying to help us understand how we can kind of underwrite into the end of the year.
Melissa Rasmussen - Chief Financial Officer, Senior Vice President
Yes. For the markets, we do expect to see a high single-digit decrease in the residential construction market, and that is going to be offset by the municipal repair and replacement growth that's going to be in the low to mid-single-digit range and the project-related work with our specialty valves, which we expect to see in the mid-to-high single-digit range.
Operator
And at this time, we are showing no further questions. I will turn the call back over to you for closing comments.
Paul Mcandrew - President, Chief Operating Officer
Thank you, operator. And thanks to everyone who joined us on our call today. We are very pleased with how we started this year with a record first-quarter results while facing a challenging external environment, including the expected impact from higher tariffs. Our increased annual guidance reflects the confidence we have in our commercial and operational capabilities as well as the resilience of our end markets.
We're excited to be in a position to expand sales, our margins for a third consecutive year, especially given the external environment. We believe we're in the early stages of our transformation. I want to once again thank our dedicated team members who have been and always will be the driving force behind our success. Thank you all, and we look forward to speaking with you again on our second-quarter results when they're announced in early May. And with that, operator, please conclude the call.
Operator
Thank you. This concludes today's conference. You may disconnect at this time, and have a great rest of your day.