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Operator
Ladies and gentlemen, thank you for standing by.
Welcome to the Mednax 2015 First Quarter Earnings Conference Call.
At this time all participants are in a listen-only mode.
Later we will conduct a question-and-answer session.
Instructions will be given at that time.
(Operator Instructions) As a reminder, today's conference is being recorded.
I would now like to turn the conference over to your host, Mr. Charles Lynch.
Please go ahead.
Charles Lynch - VP Strategy and IR
Thank you, Trisha.
I want to read our forward-looking statement, and then I'll turn the call over to Roger and Vivian.
Certain statements and information during this conference call may be deemed to be forward-looking statements within the meaning of the federal Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995.
These forward-looking statements are based on assumptions and assessments made by Mednax's management in light of their experience and their perception of historical trends, current conditions, expected future developments, and other factors they believe to be appropriate.
Any forward-looking statements made during this call are made as of today, and Mednax undertakes no duty to update or revise any such statements, whether as a result of new information, future events, or otherwise.
Important factors that could cause actual results, developments and business decisions to differ materially from forward-looking statements are described in the Company's most recent annual report on Form 10-K and its quarterly reports on Form 10-Q including the sections entitled "Risk Factors."
With that, I'd like to turn the call over to our CEO, Roger Medel.
Roger Medel - CEO
Thanks, Charlie, good morning, and thanks for joining our call today to discuss our results for the first quarter of 2015.
We started the year 2015 on a strong note with good growth in our first quarter revenue, continued use of our capital for both acquisitions and share repurchases and an M&A pipeline that continues to be very busy.
For the quarter itself, our revenue grew by 13% overall, and excluded the impact of Medicaid parity payments being down year-over-year, our same-unit grew by 3.3%.
We continued to see good same-unit volume trends in both anesthesiology and neonatalogy.
And as a result of our use of capital to buy back our stock, our EPS grew by 14% for the quarter.
In terms of share buybacks during the quarter, we essentially completed the $600 million program authorized by our Board last fall.
Looking forward, we'll review our potential uses of capital, and I want to emphasize that our first priority for the use of capital is for acquisitions, but we will continue to consider share repurchases as an additional use of our capital in the future.
On the acquisition side, we completed the purchases of three practices during the quarter including to anesthesiology practices and a pediatric ear, nose and throat practice in Houston that further expands our relationship with the Women's Hospital of Texas and broadens our continuum of care in that Houston market.
Coming out of the quarter, we have a very active M&A pipeline, and I am optimistic that this year will again be a busy one for us on the acquisition side.
In terms of the areas where we will be active, I'd certainly expect that that will include both anesthesiology and our neonatology and pediatric sub-specialties.
Anesthesia has obviously been an area where we've seen a high volume of deals, and we have a good number of additional opportunities in our pipeline today.
But we have also seen a regrowth of interest in our neonatology and pediatric specialties.
(audio break) given us opportunities to build more continuum of care capabilities in a number of markets like we're doing in Houston.
And I expect that we will continue to go in that direction.
And we will continue to actively consider opportunities to diversify further, particularly as we look at the value we can bring to hospitals through multiple service lines.
Overall, I would portray us as casting a fairly wide net as we look at avenues both to continue growing and to expand and deepen our hospital relationships.
So I am definitely optimistic about the growth potential for our acquisition efforts.
One other area that I want to highlight today is our clinical research, education, and quality efforts, which have had some important achievements as of late.
As I hope you've seen, last week we issued a press release highlighting that our Quantum Clinical Navigation System, which was created at one of our first anesthesiology practices has been certified by CMS as a qualified clinical data registry.
This is a great validation of Quantum's capabilities, and we continue to roll out this system across all of our anesthesiology practices, as both are important tools in a quality measurement and improvement tool.
We also were very proud to report earlier this week that the New England Journal of Medicine has published a paper that we submitted focusing on neonatal accident syndrome, or NAS.
In this paper we highlighted the results of a study that we did in collaboration with Baylor University on the growth of NAS-related admissions to the neonatal intensive care unit over a 10-year period of time.
This was a sobering research project as we were able to show that such admissions increased roughly fourfold over that time period.
This is a societal problem, and while there have been studies highlighting the incidence of opioid and other drug use by pregnant mothers, until now no one had definitely shown the resulting impact on their babies.
We will do everything we can to highlight our findings as part of our effort to educate the physician population about this problem.
Toward that end, last month the House of Representatives introduced the Protecting Our Infants Act, which directs HHS to make recommendations for the diagnosis and treatment of NAS.
As part of this introduction, our own Dr. Stefan Maxwell was invited to testify before Congress about what he has seen in his state of West Virginia and as chair of the West Virginia Perinatal Partnership.
Our work on NAS is a demonstration of the power of our clinical data warehouse and the research capabilities that it gives us.
As the health care world starts to embrace IHI's Triple Aim, which includes improving the health of populations, I think the work we've done on such a widespread issue as this one proves the value of the investments that we have made in clinical research.
As I am sure you are all aware, the health care industry continues to evolve towards new payment structures into our population health management.
When we held our last conference call, CMS had just announced its goal of moving more of a statement into value-based structures, and as we report today, the bill repealing the sustainable growth rate and replacing it with quality-based payments for physicians has just been signed into law.
As I have said to our physicians, the business of medicine; that is, how we are paid for providing care is changing.
It's converging with the way that we have always viewed our practice of medicine, which is to innovate in the way we provide care through the use of data, analytics, and quality improvement initiatives.
So long as we focus on the practice of medicine the way we have in the past, we will be well positioned to succeed in the future marketplace.
And I think these achievements we've been able to report over the last two weeks are just a couple of recent examples of how we can support our own physicians as they face more challenges under these value-based payments structures and also of how we can have a voice in addressing issues faced by broad parts of our population.
We have always invested in clinical research, education, and quality to support our physicians and help them take great care of their patients.
But I think the value of this investment will only continue to grow into the future.
So I wanted to take some time on this call to talk about how proud I am of the achievements that we've been able to announce so far this year.
And, with that, I want to turn the call over to our CFO, Vivian Lopez-Blanco, for our review of the results, and then we'll go into Q&A.
Vivian?
Vivian Lopez-Blanco - CFO and Treasurer
Thanks, Roger.
Good morning and thanks for joining our call.
I want to add some brief details to Roger's comments on our first quarter results.
At the top line, our net revenue for the quarter increased by 12.9% to $639 million; 11% of this growth came from recent acquisitions with anesthesiology practices contributing roughly 60% of that growth and the remainder coming from non-practice acquisitions and pediatric specialty-related acquisitions.
Same-unit revenue grew by 1.8% with volume increasing by 2.2% partially offset by a 40 basis-points decline attributable to net reimbursement-related factors.
This reduction reflects the reduction in Medicaid parity revenue versus the first quarter of 2014.
Excluding the impact of parity from both periods, same-unit revenue would have increased by 3.3% reflecting an increase attributable to net reimbursement-related factors of 1.1%.
On the volume side, we saw good growth across most of our services.
Our NICU days were up 1.5%, and anesthesia volumes were up a similar amount.
Volume growth in our other pediatric services, and maternal fetal medicine was positive, as well, partially offset by a decline in pediatric cardiology.
In terms of payor mix, our percentage of patient revenue reimbursed by government programs was unchanged compared to last year's quarter.
We recorded roughly $6 million in parity revenue, or about $0.02 per share after the impacts from incentive compensation expense and income taxes in the first quarter.
This compares to $14 million, or $0.04 per share last year.
Our profit after practice expense for the first quarter was $196 million, up 13.6% year-over-year.
Profit after practice expense margin improved by 19 basis points, which primarily reflects [savable] practice operational expenses compared to last year's first quarter.
Our general and administrative expenses grew by 16% over the prior year, which reflects increases due to the mix of acquisitions primarily those of non-practice businesses.
Our depreciation and amortization expense also increased by $3.2 million year-over-year related to acquisitions.
Overall, our operating income grew by 10.3% to $150 million, and our operating income margin of 18% decreased slightly by 42 basis points versus the prior-year period.
Finally, our first quarter net income grew by 7.9% to $68.7 million and diluted earnings per share of $0.72 grew by 14.3% as compared to the prior-year period.
For the quarter, weighted average diluted shares were $95.3 million down about 5 million shares from the prior year due primarily to the repurchase activity we undertook during the 2014 and the first quarter of 2015.
Looking at our balance sheet, we had cash and cash equivalents of $50 million at March 31 and accounts receivable were $361 million, an increase of approximately $9 million compared to December 31.
Day sales outstanding were 51 at the end of the quarter, up about one day from the end of 2014.
Our total outstanding debt under our credit facility was $896 million at March 31, up from about $568 million at the end of 2014.
We finished the quarter with roughly $600 million available under our credit facility.
Lastly, during the first quarter, we used operating cash of $54 million compared to $50 million last year.
We typically have negative operating cash flow in the first quarter of every year as we pay incentive compensation primarily to our physicians and employee benefit plan matching contributions that have accrued during the prior year.
As we announced in March through open market purchases and a second accelerated share repurchase program, we essentially completed the $600 million program we announced in October of 2014.
We do, however, have a remaining outstanding authorization to repurchase shares to offset the dilutive impact of our equity programs.
As of March 31, we had 93 million shares outstanding compared to 96 million shares at December.
Moving on to our outlook for the 2015 second quarter, as we announced in this morning's press release, we expect that our diluted earnings per share for the three months ending June 30, 2015, will be in the range of $0.85 to $0.89.
The range for our second quarter outlook assumes anticipated same-unit revenue growth that will be flat to 2% higher year-over-year including an approximately 2% unfavorable impact on pricing from the decrease in parity revenue from the 2014 second quarter.
Excluding parity revenue from both periods, a non-GAAP measure, our second quarter outlook assumes same-unit revenue growth of 2% to 4% year-over-year.
Included in our second quarter is approximately $0.01 of Medicaid parity net of the impacts from incentive compensation expense and income taxes compared to $0.05 in the last year's second quarter.
Now I'll turn the call back over to Roger.
Roger Medel - CEO
Thanks, Vivian.
I'm very pleased with how we've started 2015 in terms of our strategic growth, the use of our capital and investments in clinical research, education, and quality.
I'm optimistic about the growth opportunities we see for the year ahead through our acquisition pipeline, opportunities to build new hospital relationships and deepen our relationships with our existing hospital partners and, most importantly, our ability to provide high-quality, cost-effective care to our patients.
And, with that, let's open up the call for your questions.
Operator?
Operator
(Operator Instructions) Ryan Daniels, William Blair.
Ryan Daniels - Analyst
Dr. Medel, a quick one for you.
In your prepared comments you were talking a little bit more about more interest in neonatal and pediatric care, and I'm curious if you mean that on the M&A front, if you're seeing more openings there?
Or is that specific to your market-driven versus specialty silo-driven growth initiatives you've talked about?
Roger Medel - CEO
Yes, I mean, yes, we're seeing both, but I was directly talking about more acquisition opportunities.
We think that there has been just a renewed interest in -- I mean, not great, but we do see more than we've seen over the last couple of years interest in neonatologists having conversations.
Ryan Daniels - Analyst
Is there anything you would attribute that to -- that spike recently?
Roger Medel - CEO
My gut is that it's just a reflection of what's going on in health care, in general.
The fact that some of these original neonatologists are now getting a little older.
Plus, that there is very much of a feeling within health care that multiples are going up, and people are buying practices, and that's, clearly, in my opinion, is the driving effect.
Ryan Daniels - Analyst
Okay, that's helpful.
And as my follow-up, any more thoughts on your movement into a novel specialty or doing a platform-type deal?
And I guess the reason I ask, you've talked a lot about the ability to compete for these broader hospital partnerships or grow in markets like Houston.
Do you think you actually need a third specialty in order to compete for those, or is that just more of a strategic opportunity?
Roger Medel - CEO
Well, to answer your question, yes, we definitely are looking at a third specialty.
We continue to going to down that path.
You know the history of our Company, we have to take forever to (inaudible) [any stop] but that's, historically, been a good thing.
But we are definitely moving, and I do -- I mean, my goal is to have something to tell you about, hopefully, by the summer.
But having said that, we do get a number of, really, requests from our hospital clients to help them with different specialties.
And so as you saw this quarter, we acquired a group of pediatric ENT specialists that was strictly at the request of the hospital that needed help maintaining a number of specialties whom they felt were important for their hospital.
We have had other requests from other hospitals to help them with their pediatric surgery needs or other similar specialties.
So, for us, it's an opportunity to do both.
I don't think that it is necessary for us to enter into a third specialty in order to continue to provide these kinds of services for our hospital, but, on the other hand, having a third specialty, we think will help us with our growth because we do get requests from the hospitals to help them with other areas, other hospital-based groups.
Operator
Kevin Fischbeck, Bank of America.
Kevin Fischbeck - Analyst
I just maybe want to follow up on that last comment.
So are you looking at this as kind of an offensive move to potentially offer more services to existing clients?
Or are you seeing it just as much as a defensive move?
Do you feel like -- I guess, in other words, do you feel like you lose some contracts because others can offer ER or some other service that you don't have?
Roger Medel - CEO
Well, ER is your comment not mine.
We see it as an offensive move.
I have to say that as much as we hear about the possibility of others doing other things with hospital-based services, we have not suffered any, even conversations, from our hospital partners.
Last time or the time before, I said, when I was asked about emergency services, I said that we had spoken with some emergency service providers -- local, regional practices as a defensive measure in case we felt like we needed to move into those specialties, but we haven't had any experiences like that, and we're not currently speaking with any emergency service providers.
Kevin Fischbeck - Analyst
Okay, that's helpful.
And then, I guess, how do we think about the opportunity for new contract growth in the business because your peers generally kind of break down -- the same contract growth and then new contract growth and then acquisitions.
I mean, how do you think about the opportunity for you?
Is it just kind of all rolled into your organic growth number?
Or is it that, really, new contracts hasn't been part of the story, but you think that it could be as you expand into different service lines?
Roger Medel - CEO
I'll say a combination of both, but -- (inaudible).
Vivian Lopez-Blanco - CFO and Treasurer
Yes, good morning, Kevin.
So basically, yes, it is included in our organic growth, so I want to expand a little bit.
First of all, we have pediatric sub-specialties.
We have several developmental peds program.
We have ER -- peds ER practices, ped surgery -- we've been doing that for a while.
But as it relates to the contracts, we are constantly in this quarter, and it's really been consistent over the last year, this quarter, again, we've seen a lot of our other NICU services volumes increasing.
And so we don't specifically look at these as other contractors, just other services that we provide, a lot of them in our existing hospitals.
So I think we've talked a little bit before about well baby care and newborn nurseries and all of that, and so that continues to be very positive for us.
We typically don't talk about contract wins because we don't have many contract losses, either.
So basically it's included in our NICU services.
Roger Medel - CEO
And one other area of growth that I'll talk about a little bit is OB hospitalists.
There is a significant interest across our OB hospital partners in establishing OB hospitalist programs, and as it stands today, we may be, if not the first, definitely the second-largest group of OB hospitalists in the country.
Vivian Lopez-Blanco - CFO and Treasurer
We also have a lot of PICU business, too.
So it just all rolls up into the pediatric sub-specialties, et cetera.
Operator
Kevin Ellich, Piper Jaffray.
Kevin Ellich, your line is open.
You might have us muted.
Roger Medel - CEO
All right, is there another one in line?
Operator
Okay, we will go to the line of Brooks O'Neil with Dougherty & Company.
Brooks O'Neil - Analyst
Good morning, I'm here.
I'm always here, exactly.
At least I think I am.
Could you just talk a little bit about progress with some of the non-practice acquisitions that you made last year?
And how you're seeing that begin to roll up into your overall business operations?
Roger Medel - CEO
Yes, we're very happy with that, and I'll couch that by telling you that we just had a Board meeting for one of them, and they beat their budget, so we're very happy with that.
Both are doing well.
Our surgical partners in helping the hospitals improve the efficiencies of their operating rooms.
That's going well.
We thought that we would be able to develop a number of leads for them with our existing hospitals because of the relationships that we have.
And that, in fact, has turned out to be the case.
And then on the revenue cycle management side, as well, not only are they getting new and more contracts on their own but, as I said on the last call, one of the reasons we acquired them is because we thought they would be able to help us internally as we grew with our own revenue cycle management business.
And more and more, we're turning over part of our own business to them.
So I would say it's all working either as planned or better than planned.
Brooks O'Neil - Analyst
Right.
The other thing I just wanted to ask you, Roger, is you mentioned specifically some of what you're doing in Houston, and maybe you could just elaborate on that a little bit and talk about specifically (audio break) why your hospital partners find that attractive and how you see that potentially expanding into other markets?
Roger Medel - CEO
Yes, well, we have a good hospital partner right there as part of the ACA system.
And we have neonatal ICU services that we provided.
The hospital had asked us to help them with their Maternal Fetal Medicine program, and so we helped them with that.
And through the years that has just become a big service area for us with Pediatric Hospital Services and PICU and now the Pediatric ENT -- Pediatric General Surgery.
So we like to be seen as the go-to group for our hospital clients, and it's just an opportunity.
It's a women's hospital, and so it's an opportunity for us to demonstrate our capabilities within those different specialties.
And we're doing something similar in Tennessee, and there are other opportunities here in Florida, so it's just -- I think it's a niche where we can offer our hospital partners this opportunity to help them with their women and children's needs as the marketplace develops.
And similar things happen on the anesthesiology side where you're providing anesthesia, and they ask you for anesthesia sub-specialty care, whether it's pediatrics or neuroanesthesia.
But then in addition to that, there's this trend that the hospitals are seeing towards moving towards critical care services.
And so we are seeing more and more requests from our hospital clients to provide adult critical care services within their critical care divisions.
And that's another area that we think we'll continue to see some growth into the future.
Brooks O'Neil - Analyst
That's great.
I'm just curious, as one last follow-on, is have you seen any places where you had a strong NICU presence or baby presence where you've been able to leverage that into anesthesia or vice-versa, or are those right now, at least, relatively separate, sort of, growth drivers as you see it?
Roger Medel - CEO
Yes.
They have historically been separate.
I will say that we are having conversations along those lines right now with more than one hospital system, but nothing to report as of this point in time.
Brooks O'Neil - Analyst
Okay, cool.
Thanks a lot.
Congratulations on a great start to the year.
Roger Medel - CEO
Thanks.
Operator
Darren Lehrich, Deutsche Bank.
Josh Kalenderian - Analyst
Good morning, everybody, this is Josh Kalenderian in for Darren.
My question is on NICU days were up about a point and a half.
Are you seeing any movement in NICU length of stay?
And I know it's hard to predict, but do you think you're seeing a more pronounced recovery in births that could take shape in 2015?
Roger Medel - CEO
No, length of stay is well within historical parameters, and I don't expect to see any difference in that.
And throughout all of the changes in movements that we've seen over the last seven or eight years, we didn't really see any movement along those lines.
Josh Kalenderian - Analyst
Okay.
And then just on your outlook for births, are you seeing an uptick there or -- and I know births have been kind of flat, so I'm just trying to get a feel for how things might be shaping up this year?
Vivian Lopez-Blanco - CFO and Treasurer
Yes.
No, I mean, we have been very happy with our NICU volume over the last, as you guys probably remember, the last three quarters or so as it relates to -- you know, I think the last reports on that was that we had basically started to flatten as it relates to the United States birth rate and, hopefully, it will start ticking up.
But our NICU volumes have been -- we've been very happy with them, and they've been very positive over the last three quarters or so, especially this quarter.
We had a two-year -- year-over-year, which is really good because we had NICU volume in 2014 and the first quarter was also about 1.6%, so we're happy with the growth that we're seeing.
Operator
Ralph Giacobbe, Credit Suisse.
Ralph Giacobbe - Analyst
I wanted to jump to pricing, just to understand that a little bit better.
When we think of annual rate increases in the managed care book versus the Medicaid book, what are those average increases on an annual basis?
Vivian Lopez-Blanco - CFO and Treasurer
So, basically, when we talk about those, we've said that on our commercial pricing we negotiate contracts are in the mid single digits, and those are typically multi-year contracts that have some escalators in them.
So, again, from a pricing perspective -- now, what I've said before, too, Ralph, is that those fluctuate from quarter to quarter.
We have a work plan that we establish and about a third or so of our contracts come up for renewal every year, but we're still seeing that.
Obviously, the payor environment is challenging, and we're keeping up with it.
Roger Medel - CEO
And from a Medicaid standpoint, there's no increase.
I mean, Medicaid is a flat fee payor, and unless something like parity or something like that happens, we don't include any increase in reimbursement (inaudible).
Ralph Giacobbe - Analyst
Okay, no, that's fair.
I guess what I'm trying to do is just reconciling, right, so pricing, even ex parity in the quarter, was up 1.1%.
And I guess if 70% of your book is getting, call it, mid single digit increase and 30 is getting flat, it would sort of drive a higher pricing.
So is there something in acuity mix?
Am I not thinking about that right?
Is it what you mentioned, Vivian, in terms of the -- maybe a [30-year] book in those escalators or in that mid single digit, so on a blended basis the average rate is actually lower than mid-single?
I'm just trying to reconcile that.
Vivian Lopez-Blanco - CFO and Treasurer
Yes, so it's a combination thereof.
So you're thinking about it right, Ralph, and you have to consider acuity, which was a little bit on the negative side this quarter but not much, honestly.
That fluctuates from quarter-to-quarter.
And the other big one there that you did not mention is [P-mix], although that was relatively stable this quarter as well.
And then you have some impact there from contract revenue, et cetera.
So those are all the things that we look at when we look at that.
So, yes, there is some fluctuation, so any quarter is not going to be an indication of a fee [year] necessarily.
Ralph Giacobbe - Analyst
Okay, that's fair, and that's helpful.
And I guess just how do we think about organic growth, going forward?
Is the 2% to 4% level a level that you'd be happy with and that's the way we should think about the business, going forward?
And then through the acquisitions come over and above that to just grow the business?
Or do you see and would you expect acceleration of that organic growth beyond that, call it, 3%-ish level?
Roger Medel - CEO
Well, we're working towards accelerating.
I'm not promising that we'll accelerate, but it's something we look at and think about every single day.
I think that the guidance that we're giving you is fair, and I think that looking -- to continue that throughout the year, obviously, we'll try to beat it.
But that's what we're comfortable guiding you towards, right now.
Ralph Giacobbe - Analyst
Makes sense.
And then just a last one -- any update on legislative actions around parity or is this basically something that either is going to be picked up by the state or just expire versus any more hope of federal funding?
Roger Medel - CEO
We think that most states have, in one form or another, try to move a little bit towards parity.
I have a list, I can go down the whole list but, basically, if you look at Alabama and Colorado and Maryland, New Mexico, Nevada, those are all either talking about it or considering it or have done something or moved in that direction.
Vivian Lopez-Blanco - CFO and Treasurer
It's a handful of states, Ralph.
We get updates every couple of weeks with what we're doing at the state level.
Our GR folks are very focused on that.
As Roger says, some of them have them in their budgets, we'll see how it pans out, but, so far, we're seeing a handful of them that we know for a fact will extend it, and some of them have just increased some of their pricing overall.
Ralph Giacobbe - Analyst
Okay.
And is there hope on the federal side, or has that gone by the wayside at this point?
Vivian Lopez-Blanco - CFO and Treasurer
Yes, on the federal side, I really haven't seen much movement in that at all.
Ralph Giacobbe - Analyst
Yes, okay.
All right, thanks very much.
Operator
Nicholas Jansen, Raymond James.
Nicholas Jansen - Analyst
Yes, the first one, Vivian, for the guidance for 2Q.
I just wanted to get your sense on just the share count that you're using there considering that you did the VASR late in 1Q?
Vivian Lopez-Blanco - CFO and Treasurer
Yes, so basically it will be in the 93 million range.
Nicholas Jansen - Analyst
Okay, that's helpful.
And then, Roger, speaking about the pipeline on anesthesia -- where are multiples today relative to two years ago just in terms of -- not absolute numbers but percentages higher?
And are we starting to see that level out some?
Or is it getting incrementally worse?
Thank you.
Roger Medel - CEO
Yes, I would say multiples are definitely higher.
There have been, apparently, some larger multiples that have been tossed around and talked about.
We're still able to acquire practices on a more -- on a less crazy level.
So we're happy with where we are, but there are definitely practices that will go for higher multiples that we're not going to participate in.
Operator
Brian Tanquilut, Jefferies.
Brian Tanquilut - Analyst
Hey, good morning, guys.
Vivian Lopez-Blanco - CFO and Treasurer
Good morning, Brian.
Brian Tanquilut - Analyst
Good morning.
Just a follow-up on that last question on anesthesiology.
So, clearly, you have a pretty healthy pipeline on anesthesiology deals and obviously now in NICU as well.
But as we think about anesthesiology, if you don't mind just giving us a color -- some color on the sizes of transactions that you're seeing in the market and how you view large platform-type deals -- I know you don't need a platform -- but at this point there seems to be some larger deal flows -- or larger assets coming to market.
So what's your appetite for those?
Roger Medel - CEO
We are always looking -- I mean, look -- if you start all the way up at the top, there's talk about North American Partners in Anesthesia, and they are about 1,000 or so anesthesiologists.
There are rumors back and forth about their coming to market, they are not coming to market.
We have heard earlier in the year that they were coming to market.
And so we're -- that's a group that we would be interested in spending time with, and seeing whether it made sense for us to get our groups together.
Then there are the private equity [BATS] groups that, again, there's rumors about whether they may or may not be coming to market, and, again, people that we would be interested in having conversations with should they come to market.
I don't think there's any of that, at least that I am aware of, that's in the market right now.
Individual practices, there are -- some larger practices that are in the market -- some out West and some down South, and so we are looking at them and having conversations with them.
And then beyond that, there are the more our size groups that are out there, which are the majority of what's in our pipeline -- 20, 30, 40 anesthesiologists, and they're spread out across the country, and those are ones that maybe we're better able to have our own kinds of conversations and not all just focused on multiple or purchase amount, but a lot of some of the other stuff that we can talk about.
So that's really as honest a look I can give you at what's going on in the anesthesia market right now.
Brian Tanquilut - Analyst
I really appreciate that.
The next question for you -- so as we think about the third specialty, and, obviously, when you guys do deals, ROIC has always been a consideration.
But how do you weigh margin dilution to the consolidated number versus the strategic rationale for the entry into a new specialty?
So how should we think about those two sides?
Roger Medel - CEO
That's an important consideration for us.
We recognize that we have been blessed over the years because of our neonatology business and got spoiled with the kind of margins that that represented to us.
But, clearly, the potential dilution to our margins is an important factor and one that we think about seriously before jumping into a specific specialty.
Operator
Chad Vanacore, Stifel.
Chad Vanacore - Analyst
So you received about $0.02 EPS benefit in the first quarter from parity payments.
Now, was that from states continuing their payments?
Or is that from collections from prior billing periods?
And then a follow-up to that is should we expect the $0.01 benefit in Q2 to continue throughout the year?
Vivian Lopez-Blanco - CFO and Treasurer
So it's a combination thereof.
I actually don't have it broken out like that, but I would tell you that most of it is related to states expanding, continuing it.
As it relates to the $0.01 in Q2, hopefully, we can raise that if we get some of these other states.
Remember, it's kind of early in their legislative process, so some of them will make the decision here in the summer.
And so, hopefully, it will be better, but we just have to look at what we have currently.
So that's kind of why it's $0.01 versus $0.02 because the runoff from last year will start going away.
Chad Vanacore - Analyst
Okay, so, Vivian, it's fair to assume that $0.01 is the state benefit?
Vivian Lopez-Blanco - CFO and Treasurer
Yes.
Chad Vanacore - Analyst
Okay, and then what were some of the variable factors in organic rate growth or -- I believe you gave guidance of down 1%.
You were down 40 bps.
Is there anything to point to there?
Vivian Lopez-Blanco - CFO and Treasurer
Well, no.
You have to, then, parity effect that, right?
So parity affected, then, for pricing it's up slightly over 1%.
Chad Vanacore - Analyst
Okay.
And then as far as the pipeline goes, can you give us more granularity in terms of size and then of anesthesia versus physician practices?
Roger Medel - CEO
Well, I think I just went through that.
There are larger ones that might come to market this year.
The platform ones that might come to market this year.
There's the larger ones that are, both out West and down South, and then there's the typical smaller groups of 30, 40, 50 anesthesiologists that are really spread out throughout the country, all the way from California down to Florida.
So I'm not sure how else to answer that.
Chad Vanacore - Analyst
Okay, but in this year I think you had assumed that about two-thirds of your acquisitions were going to be on the anesthesia side.
Is that still the case?
Roger Medel - CEO
Yes, we think so.
Operator
Gary Lieberman, Wells Fargo.
Ryan Halseth - Analyst
Good morning, this is Ryan Halseth on for Gary.
Just one question -- it looked like your margins held in pretty well considering the loss of parity as well as the investments you're making in med data.
I guess, is there any initiatives you're putting into place to, sort of, try to manage margins?
And how should we think about margins over the rest of the year?
Vivian Lopez-Blanco - CFO and Treasurer
Yes, so, good morning.
It's Vivian.
So we had favorability in some of the operating expenses as we talked about.
And, basically, obviously, last year we had higher bonuses due to higher parity money coming in.
And it's just in the normal operating but, honestly, as I've said before when we have pretty good growth here as we had this quarter, that certainly impacts that.
So, overall, there's a slight benefit on the gross profit line, and all of those things contribute to that.
And so if all those stars continue to align, that can be consistent.
But there is fluctuations in that in any given quarter.
It was about 20 bps or so.
Operator
Kevin Ellich, Piper Jaffray.
Kevin Ellich - Analyst
Hey, guys, sorry.
I hopped on a little late, and I guess I missed my spot in the queue.
But, Roger, you've talked a lot about acquisitions and the pipeline and whatnot.
I just kind of wanted to approach the potential for another specialty a different way.
Would you look at something that's more complementary or something that is more similar to the structure of the neonatal and anesthesia businesses?
Roger Medel - CEO
Well, the complementary stuff, I tend to think of as tuck-ins, right?
So Maternal Fetal Medicine and General Pediatrics, Pediatrics ICU, hearing screens, all that -- I mean, if that's what you mean by complementary, all of that we just sort of lump, if you will, under the (inaudible) pediatric surgery, pediatric EMT.
It's all lumped under the same pediatrics with an "x" division.
So what we're looking at is not anything that you would call a tuck-in.
Kevin Ellich - Analyst
Okay, okay.
And then with -- you mentioned in your prepared remarks about the continued shift by the government to more value-based reimbursement programs, or at least that's how the system is shaping up.
At this point, I don't think you have much exposure with your current lines of business, but is that something that you would consider getting into or want exposure to?
Roger Medel - CEO
Well, definitely, we think that as we move -- I agree with you right now, we have very little exposure to anything like that, but as you talk about bundling, putting services together, whether it's obstetricians with neonatologists, or surgeons with anesthesiologists or whatever, we are preparing for that.
And we think that our data gathering capabilities, our quality numbers, our research efforts, all that we think statistically gives us a competitive advantage.
Kevin Ellich - Analyst
Great.
And then, just lastly, maybe, Vivian, on your capital allocation strategy, and I guess you guys have an ongoing authorization to offset your equity programs, but can you prioritize uses of capital allocation.
Is it really deals, and is it possible we could see another big buyback?
Roger Medel - CEO
Yes.
Definitely we'd always rather put the money to work, right, by acquiring practices because they not only bring earnings with them, relationships, opportunities of growth, but also a lot of cash, right?
And so you're eyeing all of these things.
So we'd much rather do that.
We do think that given where the market is today and capital costs, et cetera, that it does make sense.
If we are not able to reach our goals of capital spend and acquisitions for the year, we do think that it makes sense, and we would consider additional share repurchases as we used to do in the past, by the way.
If you recall, back when we were just in the neonatology business, even at that point in time, over the years, we had bought back over $0.5 billion of our own stock at the end of the year as we -- we had extra capital around, and we would buy our shares.
And then when we got into the anesthesia business, we decided to stop doing that because we thought we would need the money to acquire the anesthesiology practices.
At this point in time, there wouldn't be anything unusual at the end of the year if our Board decided that we had extra access to capital and to authorize additional share repurchases.
Operator
Chris Rigg, Susquehanna Financial Group.
Chris Rigg - Analyst
Just a couple of follow-ups on the bundling concept.
Just to make sure I understand how that would logistically work, I guess it's still potentially.
But is that sort of a capitation arrangement directly with the payor, or is the hospital where your physicians reside, sort of, the spearhead to that?
Meaning, can you do this directly on your own, or do you have to wait for your hospitals to get onboard?
Roger Medel - CEO
Yes, I think there are different opportunities, and I think they work both ways.
We have seen situations in our network across the country where you go directly through the employer, and you do direct contracting with the employer.
And there are others where you participate in the network that the hospital puts together.
But the important point for me is that if you have access to this data, and if you know what your length of stays are, if you know what your complication rates are, if you know what your average costs are, and most of these things depend upon narrow networks, right?
I mean, that's basically, at the end of the day, what you're talking about.
You're talking about trading choice for dollars.
And you're looking to put someone in your network.
In my opinion, you're more likely to put someone who has access to all of this data, to all of these outcomes and complications and length of stay and cost.
And we have that, and we have had it for a very long time.
So I think that our competitive advantage, whether you're talking about direct contracting with the employers or dealing with your own hospital, the competitive advantage that we have is that we have the data.
Chris Rigg - Analyst
Okay.
And then with regard to the balance sheet and sort of a follow-up to the last question on share repurchases.
I mean, if there's a lull in some M&A for various reasons, are you actually going to use your excess cash to pay down debt over the short term?
Or were you just -- sort of hold that cash in the assumption that deals will come?
Thanks.
Roger Medel - CEO
What we typically do is throughout the year we pay down the line of credit.
And then if there are decisions to be made along those lines, those typically get done at the end of the year.
So I would say we would continue to, with our strategy of just paying the revolver down and taking out more money as you need from the revolver, et cetera.
But if you're talking about a larger capital spend for a larger unannounced share repurchase program, that would come with the end of the year.
Operator
Whit Mayo, Robert Baird.
Whit Mayo - Analyst
The first question for Vivian, just, can you give us your outstanding revolver debt at 3/31?
Vivian Lopez-Blanco - CFO and Treasurer
Yes, we had that in the prepared comments.
We have available about $600 million, so we had about $900 million outstanding.
Whit Mayo - Analyst
Sorry about that.
Vivian Lopez-Blanco - CFO and Treasurer
Yes.
Whit Mayo - Analyst
Roger, can we go back to Quantum and the certification as data registry.
What does that mean for us?
I apologize a little bit for my ignorance, but I feel like this is a pretty important milestone, and I'm just not so sure I understand exactly what this means?
Roger Medel - CEO
Yes, I have Dr. Richard Gilbert here with us, who is our Chief Medical Officer for Anesthesia, and who is the author of Quantum, and why don't I let him address that question.
Rich, if you will.
Richard Gilbert - Chief Medical Officer of Anesthesia
Thank you, Roger, good morning.
So it is a milestone, and we're very proud that Medicare has approved Quantum to be a QCDR.
What that means is that we now have the ability to report directly to the government PQRS measures, and so we can determine what those metrics are, those differentiations, collect them, and report them for pay for performance.
It also validates our system and our metrics in terms of being a Quality Data Registry.
So we're very proud of that, and that is something we're rolling out to all of our practices across Mednax -- our anesthesiology practices.
Whit Mayo - Analyst
That's helpful.
I guess are there any financial implications with being a registered data partner with CMS?
Richard Gilbert - Chief Medical Officer of Anesthesia
Well, as you probably know, Medicare is tying a lot of payments and more payments towards value-based pricing.
And so by having Quantum as our data registry we hope and expect to be successful in the new value-based pricing and payment paradigm.
Whit Mayo - Analyst
Well, that makes sense.
And my last question, just for Vivian -- where are we in terms of the trend for malpractice?
I'm looking at 2014, the prior period development was maybe a little bit more favorable than normal, and I know it's been a tailwind for most health care providers for a number of years now.
But I just wanted to get a sense of where we are in the malpractice cycle, if you will.
Vivian Lopez-Blanco - CFO and Treasurer
Well, I'm happy to say that it continues to be favorable, and we did have some favorability again in the first quarter.
We look at our actuarial reports really quarterly because the trend, over the last couple of years, has been favorable but, as you guys know, I've talked about it with some of you.
Specifically, we feel we have a very good claims processing system that we basically involve our physicians in reviewing each and every one of our claims, and I do think that helps us to manage them.
And so we've had very good developments as it relates to favorability.
Whit Mayo - Analyst
So this is -- just to remind me -- you true your malpractice accrual up -- is it each quarter based off the claims experience or is it something that you adjust more on an annual basis?
Vivian Lopez-Blanco - CFO and Treasurer
Well, it's not as simple as that.
I don't want to bore the people on this call, but, yes, we look at the trending to basically take a look at where we're at with the accrual.
But as it relates to the metrics that the actuaries use, whether it's how much trending is based on the industry, how much is based on the Company and all of that, we obviously sit with them once a year to look at that and make sure that we are in the right place for the history that we've had, et cetera.
So, obviously, on the anesthesia side, we had less history than on pediatrics, and that relates to the IBNR accrual.
Operator
And there are no other questions in queue.
Please continue.
Roger Medel - CEO
All right, well, thank you, Operator.
If there are no more questions let me thank everyone for participating this morning, and we'll look forward to speaking with you again next quarter.
Operator
Ladies and gentlemen, that does conclude your conference for today.
Thank you for your participation and for using AT&T Executive Teleconference Service.
You may now disconnect.