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Operator
Ladies and gentlemen, thank you for standing by. Welcome to the CTG fourth quarter earnings conference call. At this time, all participants are in a listen-only mode. Later, we will conduct a question-and-answer session. (OPERATOR INSTRUCTIONS) As a reminder today's conference is being recorded. I would like to turn the conference over to Deborah Pawlowski.
Deborah Pawlowski - IR
Thank you, Shannon, and good morning, everyone. We certainly appreciate your time and your interest in CTG. On the call today we have President and Chief Executive Officer, Jim Boldt, and Brendan Harrington, Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer. Jim and Brendan are going to review the results for the fourth quarter full year 2007 and update you on the Company's strategy and outlook. We'll follow with an opportunity for Q&A. If you don't have the press release discussing our financial results, you can access it at the Company's website at www.ctg.com.
Before we begin, I want to mention that statements in the course of this conference call that state the Company's or management's intentions, hopes, beliefs, expectations and predictions for the future are forward-looking statements. It's important to note that the Company's actual results could differ materially from those projected. Additional information concerning factors that could cause actual results to differ from those in a forward-looking statement is contained in our earnings release as well as in the Company's SEC filing. You can find them at our website or the SEC's website at www.sec.gov. So please review our forward-looking statements in conjunction with these precautionary factors.
And with that, I'd like to turn it over to Jim to begin the discussion. Jim?
James Boldt - Chairman, CEO
Good morning, everyone. This is Jim Boldt. I want to thank you for joining us this morning for our fourth quarter conference call. As you saw in our earnings release, our fourth quarter revenue and earnings were at the midpoint of our guidance. We're certainly pleased with the fact that [full merger evaluation] cost net income in the fourth quarter increased by 34%. Our higher margin solutions business continues to grow, causing us to be very optimistic about our outlook for 2008.
I'm going to talk more about our business and expectations in a minute, but first I'm going to ask Brendan to start us off with a review of our financial results. Brendan?
Brendan Harrington - SVP, CFO
Thanks, Jim. Good morning. For the fourth quarter of 2007, CTG's revenues were $84.5 million, an increase of approximately $6.5 million or 8.3% compared with the fourth quarter of 2006. Net income of $1.2 million in the fourth quarter of 2007 grew at a faster rate than revenue and increased by 13% from $1.1 million in the fourth quarter of 2006.
For the quarter, net income per diluted share was $0.07 and net income per diluted share excluding equity compensation was $0.08. These results include approximately $200,000, or $0.01 per diluted share that CTG recorded in costs related to advisory fees incurred in connection with our consideration of two unsolicited merger proposals from RCM Technologies, Inc. As mentioned in the release, our board unanimously rejected both proposals. We expect an additional $200,000 in advisory fees in the first quarter as we close out the activities associated with these proposals.
When you exclude the merger evaluation fees from our fourth quarter results, operating income was $2.2 million, 9.5% higher than the 2006 fourth quarter. Net income excluding these fees was $1.4 million or $0.09 per diluted share, a 34% increase from 2006 fourth quarter net income. Our 2007 fourth quarter net income and net income per diluted share before both merger evaluation costs and equity-based compensation expense was $1.6 million or $0.10 per diluted share, a 26% increase from $1.3 million or $0.08 per diluted share in the fourth quarter 2006.
The proportion of the solutions revenue in 2007 was 32% of total revenue or $105.3 million compared with 30% or $98.2 million in 2006. This represents 7% growth in our solutions revenue. Direct cost of the percentage of revenue were 77.8% in the fourth quarter compared with 75.5% in the fourth quarter of 2006, and 77.3% in the third quarter of 2007. Slightly higher direct costs were primarily due to lower utilization of billable staff.
Operating margin, excluding merger evaluation costs, was 2.6% of revenue in both the fourth quarter of 2007 and 2006. We had $27.9 million in revenue from IBM, our largest staffing customer in the fourth quarter of 2007, compared with $23.7 million in the fourth quarter of 2006. This represents 33% and 30% of total revenue in the 2007 and 2006 fourth quarters, respectively. The majority of growth in staffing was from IBM. Although they made a major cutback in the third quarter of 2006, we did see solid improvement in this last quarter.
Quarterly revenue from our European operations was $19.8 million in the 2007 fourth quarter, a 23% increase from the $16.1 million recorded in last year's fourth quarter. Foreign exchange fluctuations accounted for 12% of the 23% increase in our European revenue in the quarter. The remainder reflects our efforts to expand in the healthcare and financial services verticals.
The tax rate for the 2007 fourth quarter was 36.5%. The tax rate for the full year 2007 was 37.6%. The rate decreased from approximately 43% in 2006 due to the utilization of net operating loss carried forward in 2007. The expected tax rate for 2008 is between 38% and 40%.
The Company had 3,400 employees at the end of the fourth quarter 2007, of which approximately 88% are billable resources. On the balance sheet, our days sales outstanding decreased to 58 days from 63 days at the end of the 2006. Our days sales outstanding decrease to 60 days at the end of the third quarter 2007.
Our cash provided by operations in the fourth quarter was approximately $600,000. We had $772,000 in capital expenditures and recorded depreciation expense of $567,000 in the quarter. For the full year, capital expenditures were $2.1 million and depreciation expense was $2.4 million.
During the fourth quarter of 2007, while adhering to SEC-imposed volume limitations, we repurchased 499,000 shares of CTG common stock. The repurchases in the quarter were made at an average price of $4.98 per share. During this most recent self-imposed blackout period, prior to releasing earnings, we repurchased shares under our 10b5-1 plan. As announced, the Board has authorized a new 1 million share repurchase program, and we plan to continue to manage our purchases throughout the year.
Jim?
James Boldt - Chairman, CEO
Thanks, Brendan. Demand for staffing was somewhat inconsistent in 2007. Overall, client demand for staffing held up as the year end, and the staffing business had a good fourth quarter. As for our solutions business, overall growth was approximately 7% in 2007. We're beginning to realize the benefit from the investments that we made in our solutions business last year. Most of those investments were in our healthcare business where we expanded offerings, added sales territories and hired more sales staff to capitalize on our leading market position and the many opportunities in the healthcare market.
Our proposal activity in our healthcare vertical has been robust, and we're seeing a continuation of that activity in to 2008. As for the first quarter of 2008, we're forecasting revenues in the range of $83 to $85 million, 3.7% to 6.2% higher than last year's first quarter. Our first quarter 2008 will have 63 billing days, one less than the first quarter of 2007. One billing date equates to approximately $1.3 billion of revenue. If you adjust for the lower number of billing days in this year's first quarter on a comparable basis, revenue is forecast to be 5.4% to 7.9% higher than the first quarter of 2007.
As most of you are aware, we incur higher SG&A expenses in the first quarter of the year than we do in other quarters. Most notably, our audit fees are generally $250,000 to $300,000 greater in the first quarter of the year than in the second quarter, $0.01 per diluted share. Despite that, given our revenue forecast and the increasing retail solutions business, we expect that first quarter's net income, before merger evaluation costs, will be in the $0.07 to $0.09 per diluted share range. And also excluding equity compensation, to be in the $0.08 to $0.10 per diluted share range.
As Brendan mentioned, merger evaluation costs in the 2008 first quarter will be approximately $250,000, reducing net income per diluted share by $0.01. We do not expect any additional expenses related to the 2007 merger proposals beyond those incurred in the first quarter.
As you know, 2007 earnings benefited from a $0.02 per share gain our first quarter from the sale of marketable securities. If you exclude that and look at operations in the first quarter of 2008, excluding merger evaluation costs, we're forecasting a 57% to 99% increase with income from operations.
What you have been reading about the slowing economy? Well, we've read. We are expected that economic growth will be slow or even, perhaps, negative in the first two quarters of 2008 and then pick up in the last half the year.
Historically, our staffing business has moved in tandem with economic growth. And as a consequence, we have seen a slowdown in demand from many of our staffing customers so far in the first quarter. Fortunately, we're in the process of bringing on some new, additional staffing business that's offsetting the weakness that we've seen elsewhere. As a consequence, we're projecting that our staffing business for the first half of 2008 will remain at the fourth quarter 2007 run rate and then begin to grow in the later part of the year.
As to our solutions business, as I mentioned before, our proposal activity can best be described as robust, particularly in our healthcare vertical. We have new solutions engagements starting up in the first quarter of 2008, and we believe that we're well-positioned for more business to begin in the second quarter of the year. As a result, we believe that CTG's 2008 revenue will be in the range of $340 million to $350 million, 4.5% to 7.6% above 2007. We expect the net income of 2008 will be in the $0.33 to $0.43 per diluted share range, 32% to 72% above 2007, and that excluding equity compensation expense, diluted EPS will be in the range of $0.37 to $0.47, an increase of 28% to 62%.
To sum it up, our fourth quarter performance was pretty much what we'd expected. We expect our staffing business will remain constant for the first quarters of the year and then grow in the second half of 2008. We also anticipate winning some additional solutions projects that will benefit earnings throughout the year. We, therefore, expect that our improving mix and more profitable solutions business will drive higher margins and operating profits throughout the year.
With that, I'd like to open the call for questions, if there are any. Operator, would you please manage our question-and-answer period?
Operator
(OPERATOR INSTRUCTIONS) At this time I'd like to take the first question from Rick D'Auteuil. Please go ahead.
James Boldt - Chairman, CEO
Good morning, Rick. Operator?
Operator
Yes, one moment, please. Mr. D'Auteuil, please go ahead with your question.
Rick D'Auteuil - Analyst
Okay. Can you guys hear me, all right?
James Boldt - Chairman, CEO
Yes, we can hear you.
Rick D'Auteuil - Analyst
With the slowdown that you're predicting or that people are saying in the economy, you're actually seeing that with your customers pulling back on some of the staffing needs you're saying?
James Boldt - Chairman, CEO
Yes. It's very different depending on the customer and the industry. I described so far in the first quarter technology service providers, the staffing business there is a little soft. Not dramatic, but it's definitely soft. We don't do much staffing in healthcare outside of life sciences. Life sciences is also a little soft. Then you get to financial services and that's weak. That's really where we're seeing most of the decline. Unfortunately, as I said, we've got some other new business coming up, so we expect it to be flat the first six months.
Rick D'Auteuil - Analyst
What are some of the staffing businesses financial services?
James Boldt - Chairman, CEO
Financial services is 11% of our total business, and of that, I believe, between 6% and 7% is staffing.
Rick D'Auteuil - Analyst
And you're seeing -- is the weakness on the solutions side too in financial services?
James Boldt - Chairman, CEO
No, we haven't always seen that. In the United States, we did not focus on solutions to financial service companies because they were tending to take things offshore, and we just didn't think it was a place to invest our money in. So most of our investment in financial services in solutions is over in Europe, and they seem to be holding up.
Rick D'Auteuil - Analyst
Okay. What are you seeing with pricing and gross margins on the staffing side with some of the slowdown?
James Boldt - Chairman, CEO
No impact. We're still in a situation where we're sort of the hotter skills, lot .Net or IBM's WebSphere, that there's a shortage and that we actually can -- we have some advantage in doing pricing when there's a shortage, obviously, on the older skills it's flat, but that's the way it's been for a while.
Rick D'Auteuil - Analyst
So flat to up slightly?
James Boldt - Chairman, CEO
Yes.
Rick D'Auteuil - Analyst
Okay. And then what is -- we can probably back into this if -- I guess what you're saying is solutions maybe grows 1% or 2%, is it from the 33% that you saw -- what was that, in Q4 in the mix?
James Boldt - Chairman, CEO
Yeah, Q4 was 33%, so it's quite possible that when we report the first quarter we'll say 34% and if we don't for sure by the second quarter we will.
Rick D'Auteuil - Analyst
Okay. But maybe that growth, as we exit the year, may be something closer to what, 35%, 36%?
James Boldt - Chairman, CEO
Yeah, I would think so. Just maybe to give you the numbers for last year, you can kind of see what happened. Last year, our staffing business dropped 4% and the solutions business grew 7%, but the solutions as a percent of revenue for 2007 were 32% in total; 2006 was 30%. So even when you have one growing and the other one dropping, it takes a while get up 1%. I think what we have set is probably reasonable by the fourth quarter.
Rick D'Auteuil - Analyst
Okay. And that doesn't presume anything going on in a material fashion in the U.K., right?
James Boldt - Chairman, CEO
No, we -- let me give you an update. I know I didn't mention that in my comments. The situation in the U.K. hasn't really changed. The primes are -- many of them renegotiation their deal with the NHS. Obviously they're behind. They're not going to have the original dates. They have to deal with that. And there's also issues about what functionality will be rolled out and in what timeframe.
We're still being told that the software that we're waiting for is going to be available in the first quarter of -- second quarter, rather, of 2008. Probably April is the timeframe that they set. But we've been told that before. So in terms of our forecast and the guidance we just gave out, we assume that we'll continue with the $5 million to $6 million run rate in revenues from NHS project. And if the project starts up then it's all upside, and we'll adjust our guidance as the year goes on.
Rick D'Auteuil - Analyst
Okay. Let me just see if there's -- the merger advisory fees going into Q1, was that something contractual with whoever you engaged there? It has nothing to do with anybody else showing up or ongoing discussions with RCM, right?
James Boldt - Chairman, CEO
No, it's the contractual agreements that we made with the investment bankers last summer, their advisory fees. They actually go through the end of March.
Rick D'Auteuil - Analyst
Okay. Hey, thanks, guys. Thanks.
James Boldt - Chairman, CEO
Okay. Thanks, Rick.
Operator
Our next question comes from the line of [Bill Vitulio] with Boenning and Scattergood. Please go ahead.
James Boldt - Chairman, CEO
Good morning, Bill.
Bill Vitulio - Analyst
Good morning. Quick question. You said you haven't seen much change in the pricing. What about in the bill rates, have you seen any changes in that?
James Boldt - Chairman, CEO
In the hotter skills of .Net and IBM WebSphere, etc., and even some of the Java skills, we are seeing bill rate increases, so the cycle has started to change. It just hasn't yet changed for the masses.
Bill Vitulio - Analyst
Okay. And have you -- in regards to your acquisition pipeline, has it been active in this year? Do you expect it to be active?
James Boldt - Chairman, CEO
In terms of looking for acquisitions?
Bill Vitulio - Analyst
Yes.
James Boldt - Chairman, CEO
We have been looking for acquisitions. Quite frankly, at the moment we're very picky. We're definitely not looking to expand our staffing business at all. The area that we would like to expand is in healthcare, and it isn't totally in healthcare. There's some areas in healthcare where we're stronger and some areas where we're weaker, and we'd like to do an acquisition, if possible, to fill in some of the weaker areas to get us going a little bit quicker.
In terms of size, they would be smaller transactions. These aren't bet-the-farm deals. They're probably revenue, maybe $5 million to $20 million would be the kind of maximum. And because the criterion is so specific, we really just haven't come across anything yet that looks attractive. If we do, we definitely would do an acquisition at this point.
Bill Vitulio - Analyst
Okay, great. And what percentage revenue now is healthcare?
James Boldt - Chairman, CEO
It's 25%.
Bill Vitulio - Analyst
25% Great. Those are my questions. Congratulations on the solid quarter, guys.
James Boldt - Chairman, CEO
Okay. Thank you.
Operator
We have a follow-up question from the line of Rick D'Auteuil with Columbia Management.
Rick D'Auteuil - Analyst
Yeah, just on the sales recruiter sort of headcount, what are your plans on the hiring side as we enter the year?
James Boldt - Chairman, CEO
Well, we have more than enough people on the staffing side of the business at the moment. The equilibrium is pretty good there. On recruiters at the moment, we are out actively trying to get more recruiters for the solutions side of the business. I hate to admit this but we're now -- we've got more requirements often their sole source just to us than we can handle in recruiting at the moment. So we were hiring recruiters. We thought we had it under control, but we had some of the offerings hit a little bit quicker, and people want projects started a little bit sooner than we thought. So we do have to hire additional recruiters in order to serve their market. That's actually good news at the moment.
I don't think for the year, though -- I mean, last year for 2007, our SG&A expense was 20% of revenue. So I don't think you're going to see it move much above that. It may go up a little bit. As you know, the solutions side, the SG&A is a greater -- SG&A as the percentage of revenue is greater than on the staffing side, so you may see it inch up a little bit, but I don't expect any significant investments. We pretty much have done the investments last year that we wanted in healthcare. We now have got the sales territories pretty much. Maybe there's one or two that we have to fill in, but pretty much the investments were made.
The other factor is when we have business consultants and we're developing a new offering, we have to have them work on things like methodologies, and that has to be expensed just like a research cost when they actually do that. Last year, we were heavily working on a new methodology for new offerings. Pretty much -- we've got a few that we've got to finish up, but pretty much we have most of those offerings in healthcare developed. So those billable people that were working on methodology, etc., that were SG&A expense last year will go on the projects and be part of billable in 2008.
Rick D'Auteuil - Analyst
Okay. IBM grew in the quarter. I can't recall. When did we last -- was it the Texas area, the run-off that we had with some of the personnel there?
James Boldt - Chairman, CEO
That was the third quarter.
Rick D'Auteuil - Analyst
The third quarter?
James Boldt - Chairman, CEO
Yeah, it was the third quarter of 2006 that they cut back.
Rick D'Auteuil - Analyst
So this was an apples-to-apples kind of comparison then?
James Boldt - Chairman, CEO
Yes, it is.
Rick D'Auteuil - Analyst
And so it grew -- you said -- did I get the numbers, right, 27.9 versus 23 and change? Yeah, okay. That's pretty good growth. Do you get any visibility on what your expectations are there for the year?
James Boldt - Chairman, CEO
No, we don't. It's a complicated situation. Obviously they have literally thousands and thousands of contractors. Each manager, when he gets an approval for a new position, he can either pick the hire internally and make it a permanent IBM position or go outside, so it's even difficult, I believe, for IBM to predict.
They know what they've approved in new seats for next year, but how the individual managers will staff them, it's a variable that's very difficult to figure out for a company that size. We don't usually get any forward-looking view. Occasionally we will in a particular department. As with most companies, their budgets were just set, and our people are out talking to the individual managers to try and figure out how many additional seats they'll have. Not that they'll go outside for this year, but we really don't have much visibility, quite frankly.
Rick D'Auteuil - Analyst
Okay. The operating margin adjusted in the fourth quarter was 2.6. I haven't calculated it yet, but what is the midpoint of your guidance for '08? I could run through that.
James Boldt - Chairman, CEO
It's 3.2%. The range actually goes from 2.8% to 3.5%, but the merger valuation costs cost us a .1%. So if you took out the merger valuation cost, which an ongoing, it would be 3.3%.
Rick D'Auteuil - Analyst
Okay. And if we look at sort of the run rate in Q4, is that 3.6%, 3.7%?
James Boldt - Chairman, CEO
Yeah, it's got to be higher than 3.2% to get there, yeah.
Rick D'Auteuil - Analyst
Okay. So we're slowly making progress toward a more traditional kind of operating number. I know the mix isn't 50-50 either, but it probably isn't going to be anytime soon. Maybe if the U.K. were to kick in a more meaningful way you could get there in a year or two.
James Boldt - Chairman, CEO
Right. Well, we originally thought it would take us three years. And you're right, unless we have a big budget that kicks in and starts up quickly, it's probably going to take a couple of years to do that.
Rick D'Auteuil - Analyst
Okay. If the U.K. were to kick in in a meaningful way, do you have the resources to staff up for that?
James Boldt - Chairman, CEO
That's going to be the biggest problem. That's the world's largest healthcare project. They're going to scoop resources out of the United States. We have recruiting ready in England to hire people who worked in hospitals before on hospital systems and then train them in some of the systems, like Cerner, that's being installed. So we definitely would have to train our people if it kicks in, in a meaningful way and it starts up. Just one region has 1,000 hospitals that they've got to do installs in. It's going to suck up all the resources in the world that know Cerner pretty quick.
Rick D'Auteuil - Analyst
Okay. Just give me a sense -- and I think we've talked about this before -- what is the reputation of your healthcare solutions business, I guess, in the industry in general? You're not a huge company, but where do you guys rank, I think, by some of the outside services?
James Boldt - Chairman, CEO
Well, if you look at class, the rates, all IT service providers that provide services in hospitals are providers, and you look for the last probably two or three years, and you added up all the rankings, and they rank you in individual areas like strategy implementation, etc., we would come out first. We have the best reputation. We believe in an entire market. There's no one actually that ranks you in terms of health insurance markets, so I don't have an outside source to cite, but we think we have a very good reputation there as well. At least as good as we do in the provider market.
Rick D'Auteuil - Analyst
In the provider market, do the customers or prospects look at those rankings in evaluating who to use?
James Boldt - Chairman, CEO
Yes. Actually, occasionally we'll get an RFP from a hospital that we've never even called on because they looked at the class ratings and picked the top companies.
Rick D'Auteuil - Analyst
Okay. And how is your ability to find -- I guess without the U.K. having kicked in, how is your ability today here to find talent in that space?
James Boldt - Chairman, CEO
At the moment it's pretty good. There were some large projects -- it depends on the language and the software, obviously, but Kaiser Permanente, for instance, had a very large Epic installation that went multiple years. It started off as a $1.8 billion project. I think in the end they spent $4.5 billion doing it. It ended about a year ago, so they've led a lot of Epic resources, for instance, on the market. So at the moment, finding people for Epic and even Cerner is definitely doable. It isn't a problem.
Rick D'Auteuil - Analyst
Okay, thanks.
James Boldt - Chairman, CEO
Okay. Thank you.
Operator
(OPERATOR INSTRUCTIONS) Mr. Boldt, please continue. There are no questions.
James Boldt - Chairman, CEO
In closing, I'll repeat that our strategy is to increase CTG solutions business. We're focused on specific verticals, such as healthcare, that we believe have a strong, fundamental, growth prospect, especially as they increase their use of technology to improve efficiencies and service. As that part of our business grows, we expect margins to expand. We will continue to be opportunistic in our staffing business.
Once again, I'd like to thank you for your continued support and for joining us this morning. Have a great day.
Operator
Ladies and gentlemen, that does conclude our conference for today. It will be available for replay beginning today at 11:30 AM ending on Sunday, February 24 at midnight. To access the AT&T playback, for people in the U.S. 800-475-6701 with the access code 899687. For people outside of the U.S. the number is 320-365-3844 with the access code of 899687. Once again, those numbers are 800-475-6701 and 320-365-3844 with the access code of 899687.
Thank you for your participation. You can now disconnect.