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Operator
Hello ladies and gentlemen. Thank you for standing by for 51Talk Online Education Group's fourth quarter 2024 earnings conference call. (Operator Instructions). Today's conference call is being recorded.
I would now like to turn the call over to your host, Mr. David Chung, Investor Relations for the company. Please go ahead, David.
David Chung - Investor Relations Vice President
Hello, everyone, and welcome to the fourth quarter 2024 earnings conference call of 51Talk. The company's results were issued via news wire services earlier today and are posted online. You can download the earnings press release and sign up for the company's distribution list by visiting ir.51talk.com.
Mr. Jack Hung, our CEO; and Ms. Cindy Tang, our CFO; will begin with some prepared remarks. Following the prepared remarks, there will be a Q&A session. Before we continue, please note that the discussion will contain forward-looking statements made under the safe harbor provisions of the US Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1,995. For booking statements involve inherent risks and uncertainties.
As such, the company's results may be materially different from the views expressed today. Further information regarding this and other risks and uncertainties is included in the company's Form 20=F and other public filings as filed with the US Securities and Exchange Commission. The company does not assume any obligation to update any forward-looking statements except as required under the applicable law.
Please also note that earnings press release, and this conference call include discussion of unaudited GAAP financial information as well as an audited non-GAAP financial measures. 51Talk's press release contains a reconciliation of the unaudited non-GAAP measures to the unaudited most directly comparable GAAP measures.
Oh now turn over, turn the call over to our CEO Jack Wang. Jack, please go ahead.
Jack Huang - Chairman of the Board, Chief Executive Officer, Founder
Thank you, David. Hello, everyone. Thank you for joining our conference call today. We concluded financial year 2024 with gross billings growing by 74.4% year-over-year and net revenues increasing by 87% year-over-year. Even more encouraging is that we achieved this while strengthening our cash position. Delivering a full year positive operating cash flow of $5.8 million.
Throughout the financial year 2024, we made significant progress in building out our local teams and developing more localized marketing and product contents. We are also expanding into new geographic market to drive further growth. In 2024, we've already seen the benefits of integrating AI into our operations reflected in the improvement of operational efficiency and a narrowing of operating losses.
We believe 2025 will continue to be a pivotal year for AI adoption and a further efficiency improvements. Especially, AI will enable more personalized course plans and exercises tailored to student's proficiency levels, as well as enhanced progress tracking.
With that, I will now turn the call over to Cindy, our CFO.
Cindy Tang - Chief Financial Officer
Thank you, Jack. Now let me walk you through our fourth quarter financial details. Fourth quarter net revenues were $16.2 million, a 117.3% increase from the same quarter last year, largely driven by the increase of active students who attended [lesson] consumption. Gross margin for the fourth quarter was 77.5%. Gross billings grew by 93.4% from the same quarter last year to $21.4 million.
Q4 operating expenses were $13.4 million, an increase of 35.6% compared to the same quarter last year. Specifically, this has been driven by Q4 sales and marketing expenses of $10.1 million, a 40.9% increase from the same quarter last year due to higher sales personnel costs related to increases in the number of sales and marketing personnel and higher marketing expenses.
Q4 product development expenses were $0.9 million and 8.0% increase from the same quarter last year. Finally, Q4 general and administrative expenses for $2.4 million, a 28% increase from the same quarter last year. Overall, Q4 operating loss was $0.9 million, while net loss attributable to the company's ordinary shareholders was $1.4 million and 80.1% and 75.7% decrease from the same quarter last year, respectively.
Q4 GAAP and non-GAAP burning per ADS were negative $0.24 and $0.2, respectively. The company's total cash equivalent and time deposits were $29.2 million at the end of the fourth quarter. Advantages from students were $45.1 million at the end of the fourth quarter. Looking forward to the first quarter of 2025, we currently expect the net gross billing to be between $21.5 million and $22 million.
The above outlook is based on our current market conditions and reflects the company's current and preliminary estimates of the market and operating conditions and customer demands, which are all subject to change. This concludes our prepared remarks.
We will now open the line for questions. Operator, please go ahead.
Operator
(Operator Instructions) Damon Zhang, [Eurutis] Investments
Damon Zhang - Analyst
(spoken in foreign language)
Jack Huang - Chairman of the Board, Chief Executive Officer, Founder
(spoken in foreign language)
Damon Zhang - Analyst
(spoken in foreign language)
Jack Huang - Chairman of the Board, Chief Executive Officer, Founder
(spoken in foreign language)
Damon Zhang - Analyst
(spoken in foreign language)
Operator
(Operator Instructions) As we are reaching the end of our conference call, I'd like to turn the call back over to the company for closing remarks. Mr. David, please go ahead.
David Chung - Investor Relations Vice President
Thank you once again for joining us today. If you have further questions, please contact 51Talks Investor Relations, through the contact information provided on our website.
Operator
This concludes today's conference call. You may now disconnect your line. Thank you.