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Operator
Good morning, ladies and gentlemen, and welcome to the Amalgamated Financial Corporation. Third quarter 2025 earnings conference call. During today's presentation, all parties will be in a listen-only mode. Following the presentation, the conference will be open for questions with instructions to follow at that time. A telephonic replay of this call and the presentation slides to complement today's discussion is available on the investor section of our website.
Please also refer to the disclaimers on slide two of our presentation concerning forward statements and non-GAAP financial measures. As a reminder, this conference call is being recorded. I would now like to turn a call over to your host, Mr. Jason Darby, Chief Financial Officer. Please go ahead, sir.
Jason Darby - Chief Financial Officer
Thank you, operator, and good morning, everyone. We appreciate your participation in our earnings call. With me today is Priscilla Sims Brown, our President and Chief Executive Officer. Additionally, SAM Brown, our Chief Banking Officer, is here for the Q&A portion of today's call. First, I want to note that we're introducing shorter prepared comments this quarter.
By condensing this section of the call, we hope to transition to your questions faster and avoid repeating details you've already reviewed in the earnings materials. Let me now turn the call over to Priscilla.
Priscilla Sims Brown - President and CEO
Good morning, everyone and thank you for joining us. Well, it was another good quarter. Amalgamated delivered core earnings per share of $0.91 in the third quarter, and we experienced strength on both sides of our balance sheet, highlighted by across-the-board share gain in our deposit franchise, coupled with accelerating loan growth as our new lenders are already having an impact.
Amalgamated has now delivered $2.66 year-to-date core earnings per share, which is about 3% growth, making our case for an implied value of our stock well above where we have been trading recently. One thing I'd like to remind us is that we are coming off of a 2024 year where we grew core EPS by over 18%, far exceeding most banks. So, what we're doing in 2025 is just that much more remarkable comparatively speaking.
So, for Q3, what stands out to me, mainly that we keep delivering great results and the quality and sustainability of our earnings allows us to handle problem situations with ease. Last quarter, Jason discussed a $10.8 million syndicated commercial and industrial business loan to an originator of consumer loans for renewable energy efficiency improvements that was under stress.
I'm happy to report the quick, successful, and final resolution of this loan during this quarter with the final impact all absorbed within our core earnings. I use the word successful to reflect on the decisive action we took to exit a problem credit, negotiate what we felt to be the best near term recovery value. And put the problem behind us so that our investors can see our overall credit portfolio quality with clarity.
Well of course we're not happy to absorb a loan loss and record a charge off, the flip side to that is a nice improvement to our non-performing assets and overall credit quality metrics. Non-performing assets decrease to $12.2 million or 34.6% to $23 million or 0.26% of total assets, and credit quality improved nearly $19 million to 70. $9.2 million or 1.67% of total loans, which is the best ratio since I've been here.
All that said, we recognize that the credit cycle is still in process, and we are acutely aware of some of the big reserves and charge-offs taken by some super regional banks recently. The best thing I can say is that you can be sure amalgamated will be early in disclosure and decisive in our resolution. Now let's move on to some more fun stuff.
Back in the first quarter with the change in administration, we said we were built for this moment, built to thrive. Nothing has changed there. We still are. Our mission, brand, and values resonate with our customers, which can be seen in how our production team performed this quarter. Loans grew by $99 million across our growth mode portfolios of multi-family CRE and C&I, about 3.3% growth, a nice acceleration from the second quarter's growth rate of 2.1%.
This was in line with our quarterly targets and benefited from the addition of some C&I experts that added to our origination team in the second quarter. Our pace portfolio also saw an acceleration as total assessments grew $27.4 million. The strength came from over 8% growth in C-PACE, where there is a rapidly growing range of opportunity and to capitalize on our new originator partnership.
And then there's our deposit franchise. Wow, these folks are amazing. We just keep taking market share and our deposit gathering is all of our segments on growth during the quarter, driving over $415 million of new deposit generation. Very few banks our size can do what we do.
Looking at our segments, Polio was a standout with deposits increasing $235 million or 19% to $1.4 billion as fundraising begins to accelerate, looking to the midterm elections, which are now only a year away. Our climate and sustainability segment was also a standout as deposits increased $86 million or 21%.
Not for profit also grew $42 million. Labor grew $26 million and overall it was just another great quarter for our deposit gathering team. For the most part, I like what we see. We still have some work to do, no doubt, but the bank is firing on most cylinders, which provides real optimism as we look to the future.
To support our growth and to ensure we efficiently scale our operations, we have been investing in a fully integrated digital modernization program which will drive improve productivity, provide a holistic view of our customers to better understand their needs, provide more customized solutions, and ultimately deliver more revenue growth.
This platform went live in the third quarter, and we're already seeing the benefits across our organization as we continue to manage the business to key metrics. To close, I could not be more excited with what the future holds for amalgamated. Our ability to deliver balanced and predictable contribution from our lending channels is starting to show, and I'm happy that we have geographic diversity which will help us manage future loan growth targets.
We are keeping a close eye on the policy debate playing out in New York City, but regardless, we feel very good about our current rent stabilization exposure. We've added some more disclosure for you this quarter in the presentation on slide 14, and we're happy to take your questions on that. There's also more I could talk about, but we want to get your questions sooner this time, so let me turn the call over to Jason.
Jason Darby - Chief Financial Officer
Thanks, Priscilla. Starting off with some key highlights on slide 3, net income was $26.8 million or $0.88 per diluted share, while core net income, a non-GAAP measure, was $27.6 million or $0.91 per diluted share. Our net interest income grew by 4.9% to $76.4 million which exceeded the high end of our guidance range, bolstered a bit by the recapture of some loan interest income from the payoff of one of our legacy problem assets.
Additionally, our net interest margin increased 5 basis points to 3.6%. Margin expansion was partially offset by a 5 basis point rise in our cost of funds as we carried a higher average balance of interest-bearing deposits in the quarter. It's worth noting that our average spot rate paid in deposits declined 8 basis points after we re-priced our deposits following the Fed's 25 basis point rate cut in September.
Deposits are strong, excluding $112.3 million of temporary pension funding deposits, total on balance sheet deposits increased $149 million or 1.9% to $7.6 billion. We also held $265 million of deposits off balance sheet at the end of the quarter. Continuing to slide forward, we look at some of our key performance metrics during the 3rd quarter.
Starting on the left, our tangible book value per share increased $0.98 or 4% to $25.31 and has grown over 46% since September 21, which was Priscilla's first full quarter as CEO. Table book value is a key component of management's long-term equity incentives which tightly aligns management with our shareholders. Our leverage ratio is managed well at 9.18%.
During the quarter, we use capital to improve our TCE ratio to 8.79%, absorb $4.5 million of losses to improve our credit quality metrics, return capital to shareholders through approximately $10.4 million in share repurchases, and to pay our $0.14 quarterly dividend. Looking forward, we expect to continue our buybacks over the coming quarters until our share price rises to a level that we feel realistically reflects our forward earnings projection.
Our core revenue per diluted share was $2.84 a $0.17 increase in the prior quarter. This increase was due to a combination of higher net interest income and the effect of our share repurchase. Importantly, this metric shows our balance sheet optimization and commitment to positive operating leverage. We're laser focused on driving this message to the top of the broader industry peer group.
Jumping ahead to slide 9, core non-interest expense is $43.4 million an increase of $2.9 million in the length quarter. This was mainly driven by a $2.2 million dollar increase in employee compensation expense, as well as an expected $0.5 million dollar increase in technology spend due to continued investment in digital transformation development.
Overall, we're pretty much right where we want to be with expense management and we're able to add some additional compensation accruals for full year performance that is starting to look pretty promising. I'm also really happy with our core efficiency ratio of 50.17%, which places amalgamated on average at the top of the pack from banks in the $5 to $10 billion dollar range, as well as banks in the $10 to $100 billion dollar range.
We'll continue to keep our target of approximately $170 million for annual OpEx, though there may be some upside to that number. Popping to slide 10, net charges for 0.81% of total loans. Obviously this is an elevated number, but there's some good news within this metric. First, as Priscilla mentioned, was the final resolution of the problem C&I credit we talked about in the second quarter.
That resulted in a $5.4 million dollar charge off, but the P&L impact this quarter was only $3.1 million due to prior period reserves. This credit situation is done and thankfully we don't have to speculate about it any further. Another bit of good news was the note sale of a legacy non-performing leverage loan. This resulted in a $1.5 million dollar charge off, but also a small recovery of $0.6 million that flowed through our net provision expense during the quarter.
The remainder of the charge-off related to normal activity from our consumer solar and business banking portfolios, although each showed some modest improvement from the prior quarter. One thing we thought would be interesting to note is the bank received a revised outlook to positive from KBRA during our annual credit rating surveillance report completed during the quarter as well.
Attorney slide 11, the allowance for credit losses on loans decreased $2.5 million to $56.5 million. The ratio of allowance to total loans was 1.18%, a decrease of 7 basis points from 1.25% in the prior quarter. The decrease was primarily the result of a $2.3 million dollar net reserve release related to the resolution of the loan I just discussed, and also by a $2.1 million dollar reserve release related to the resolution of a legacy leverage loan credit.
This was partially offset by a $1.6 million dollar increase in reserves related to 1 $2.8 million dollar multi-family loan that went non accrual in the quarter and a $0.2 million dollar reserve increase for a non-performing construction loan. Finishing on slide 16, turning to our outlook today, we are raising our full year 2025 core pre-tax pre-provision earnings guidance to $164 to $165 million and tightening our 2025 net interest income guidance to $295 to $296 million which considers the effect of the forward rate curve of 2025.
Additionally, we estimate an approximate $2.2 million dollar decrease in annual net interest income for a parallel 25 basis point decrease in interest rates beyond what the forward curve currently suggests. Briefly looking at the fourth quarter of 2025, we target average balance sheet size at approximately $8.65 billion and our net interest income the range between $75.76 million dollars.
We expect our interest margin to stay near flat relative to our Q3 mark as we believe our loan yields will drop due to our pricing as we model the Fed to cut rates again by a total of 50 basis points in Q4. Based on these targets, we've gone ahead and done the implied full year math on the guidance page. You can easily compare it to our 2024 results, as well as our baseline 2025 performance targets. We're now happy to take your questions, operator, please open up the line for Q&A.
Operator
Thank you. At this time, we'll be conducting a question-and-answer session. (Operator Instructions)
Mark Fitzgibbon, Piper Sandler.
Mark Fitzgibbon - Analyst
Good morning. First question I had, I was curious in the slide deck on page 11, you mentioned that there was a $1.9 million dollar specific reserve. Could, what is that against?
Jason Darby - Chief Financial Officer
Hey Mark, this is Jason. The specific reserve that was built is related to one of our multi-family properties that we had an appraisal put against. It's one of the properties that we had already been through a refinance or renewal about a year ago, it had a little bit of an equity infusion. We did a modification of terms. It had been paying and then we received.
An updated appraisal is part of our normal process for evaluating substandard credits that are real estate oriented, and the valuation didn't look appropriate for the value of the property that we had originally been carrying on the books. So, the reserve was put in place to effectively account for a change in the LTV. As of right now, the credit is moving to a non-accrual status and we're trying to figure out a path forward with.
Particular deal, but the Clay is pretty good at the moment. We just felt the reserve was appropriate and as we've said before, when we see problems in the portfolio, you'll see our coverage ratios move and that has been reflected also in the overall coverage for the portfolio moving up to 30 basis points from the 20 basis points we had it at previously.
Mark Fitzgibbon - Analyst
Okay. And then Priscilla, you'd mentioned before your, comments about changes to the rent regulated multi-family market in New York and you guys feeling comfortable with that. I guess I'm curious, in the event that we do have a mayor Mamdani, and he freezes rents through the rent guidelines board, would that change your outlook for that rent regulated multi-family business? Is it likely that you'd sort of slow down growth in it or maybe exit and sell some of the portfolio?
Priscilla Sims Brown - President and CEO
No, thank you, Mark, for the question. I, I'm sure it's on the minds of a number of people, certainly those watching New York politics. By the way, this is why we're giving more disclosure. You see it on page 13 and 14, and we'll continue to monitor the situation closely and, update you as we learn more. But we don't expect that we're going to see, impact, in the next 18 to 24 months, certainly.
Based on those changes. I do think it's important to think about the fact that, that's one tool, and it's the one that's talked about quite a lot, this notion of rent freezes or stabilization. But, there are other, tools as well, zoning reform, public-private partnerships, community land trusts, which Mamdani has spoken about.
And certainly office to residential conversion, social housing, all those things. And so, keep in mind that, there's real potential upside if a balanced approach leads to creation of more housing in New York, and that's one of the things we're looking at as well.
Mark Fitzgibbon - Analyst
Okay. And then sort of unrelated, it seems like we read every day that, the Department of Energy is canceling or pulling funding from, green energy projects. I think the Department of Energy has canceled something like $8 billion worth of projects and pulled funds back. And I know in the past you guys have sort of said, the funds were allocated, so you weren't concerned.
But now that the administration is pulling those dollars back, I guess I'm wondering if you're concerned about any of your, various projects related to that and how those are likely to sort of play out if federal funding evaporates.
Sam Brown - Senior Executive Vice President, Chief Banking Officer
Hey Mark, it's Sam. I'll jump in on that one. So, look, in the existing portfolio we feel totally great about where we are. Those projects are already in the ground and as we've talked about in the past, their funding streams including their tax credit provisions, including any federal contribution is locked in. The other thing I'll mention is, we talked about back in the second quarter called the acceleration of projects and transactions in order to hit that deadline that will happen in 18 and 24 months.
You certainly saw some of that pull through happen in our C&I growth, for the quarter, which we were very pleased about, and we're also seeing that in pipeline as well. The other thing I'll add just on. The broader market spectrum, as you mentioned about what does that mean kind of in general if things changed, you've heard us talk a lot about growing energy demand, citing a bunch of stats and figures from various, well respected authorities.
Kind of the best thing I would throw out is this, there is a new kind of base case assumption about what renewable energy deployment looks like being only 4% less than what it was before the budget was passed last year. So again, we feel good about that. And when you couple that with how energy demand is expected to continue to rise between 2.5% and 3.5% per year, getting up to 25% by 2030, 70%. 8% by 2050.
The demand here dictates that there's going to be a need to finance these projects. And so while yes, federal capital contribution might change, the reality is this industry is alive and well and it's going to have a lot of participants in the financing these projects for years to come.
Mark Fitzgibbon - Analyst
It's hard to believe, Sam, that none of the projects you're involved in, the fund federal funds have Been pulled back from and it's also, it's hard to believe that if you don't have federal funding, the project still pencil out financially. I guess I'm curious, just from the outside looking in, reading the media every day with money evaporating, it just seems. A stretch to understand that.
Sam Brown - Senior Executive Vice President, Chief Banking Officer
Yeah, and I think, a lot of what is out there, Mark, is funds being pulled back for projects that haven't started yet. For example, I know that there was the largest project in Nevada, was certainly a big headline, recently. In our portfolio, everything we financed is already underway in an operating state, those projects are not in jeopardy because they are underway.
Where there are projects that are still in pre-dev, I think that is a completely valid concern. That is not something we have present on our balance sheet and not a an area we focused on as we've built out our portfolio.
Mark Fitzgibbon - Analyst
Okay. And last question I had, I guess I'm curious, we're in kind of unusual times with, what's going on in Washington and all this sort of conversation around de banking. I know you guys have been written about in some articles in the journal and elsewhere. I guess I'm curious, how can you best position amalgamated so that you don't become a target for the regulators given their aggressive debanking efforts.
Priscilla Sims Brown - President and CEO
Thank you, Mark. Yeah, there's a lot of noise in the news and we certainly see it all as well, and we know you do. I guess the best way I can address that is to say, we continue to be a bank that just follows all laws and regulations, and we always will. We focus on risk management, and we focus on solid consistent performance.
Organizations that manage with appropriate KYC and BSA requirements, they know we're open for business and you've seen that, on both sides of the balance sheet, consistently since these concerns started to be manifested in the last this year certainly, if you look at the core deposit growth, it's phenomenal. We continue to see growth across all of our segments, not just some.
And so that, the solid returns and strong profitability is really our best answer to what you're hearing. And, we don't expect to see any material risk to our business model or our customer base based on the fact that we are a bank first and foremost. Thank you.
Operator
Mark Shutley, KBW.
Mark Shutley - Analyst
Hey guys, good morning. Right so on expenses, you mentioned you still target the $170 million a year, I think, but expenses came in a little higher than we were expecting in the third quarter. I know you've got the digital transformation underway and so it sounds like a better run rate for quarterly expenses is probably somewhere in between this quarter and last quarter. Just trying to think about the moving pieces of the PPNR guide.
Jason Darby - Chief Financial Officer
Thanks. Yeah, sure, Mark, I'll take it. This is Jason. So on expenses I think this quarter came in. Very much what we're expecting in terms of our overall progression towards our $170 million annual OpEx guidance and we have been talking about for a couple of quarters the ramping in expenses that was going to happen as we got to the back half of the year and we were in a better spot than I was really expecting at the end of the second quarter.
Here in the third quarter, we also did very well on the expense side. Now we were able to put a little bit of accrual in this quarter for some compensation related expense that would be tied to year end performance as it's becoming clearer and clear. That we're going to have a pretty strong year. So that really was the top off on maybe the expense expectation you had versus where we came in at about 43.3% for the core. But if you look at it year-to-date, we're $125 million versus.
An average target of $127.5 million, so we're doing better there. The core efficiency is still really strong. And to your comment about what the fourth quarter ought to look like, I would expect it to look very similar to Q3. Now, we've said that $170 million is still the target, but there's some potential upside there. If we hit expenses that looked a lot like Q3, we'd probably have some upside beat on our $170 million target.
So, we sort of leave that out there as a conservative marker because in the fourth quarter, occasionally things pop up that require some additional expense to cure your end processes relative to audits or other types of things that pop up towards the end of the year. So, all things equal, I like a run rate of very similar to what we had for the third quarter as the projection for the fourth quarter, and in theory if we hit that, there's some upside potential for the $170 million overall target.
Mark Shutley - Analyst
Okay, thanks, that's helpful. And then maybe switching gears, you mentioned the loan yields. I think you expect that to come down next quarter. Obviously those saw nice increase this quarter and kind of drove them in, but with a couple of rate cuts expected, I totally get that, but we're just wanting to dig in a little bit more and see maybe what new originations were coming on in the quarter and sort of any additional color you have there. Thanks.
Jason Darby - Chief Financial Officer
Yeah, perfect, great question. Let me start off with the Loan yields and the decline, I think obviously if picked up on our projection of the 50 basis points of the total rate cuts and that's obviously going to have an impact on some of the variable pricing we have in the C&I portfolio. And also I did make a comment there was a bit of a one timer that flowed through with the recapture of some interest income for a very long dated problem credit that we've had on our books that we were able to get a full payoff from recovering on so that counted for about 9 basis points of the loan yield in this quarter.
So, most of the drop will probably be just tied to the resetting of. Net interest income, I'm sorry, no interest income for that net interest income for the quarter absent that one-time effect for the current period. Now, in terms of the bringons. We had a pretty decent quarter in terms of overall brands. I think where we were on the C&I side was in the high 6s, maybe even crossing to low 7s in certain places for the quarter.
The real estate portfolio came in just above 6%, which are pretty strong yields given the credit quality that we're seeking. And then going forward for the fourth quarter, we're pretty much saying it's going to be about 30 basis points to 50 basis points lower just as a result of the pricing so figure somewhere in the 650 to maybe 675 range on your C&I deals and maybe close to.
6%, maybe 575. I'm kind of getting a little bit wrong there, probably about 25 basis points decline in the bring on yields from the current quarter. And then the only other thing that I point out is that we still have a very strong origination on the pay side which drives a yield of about 7%. Now we'll see probably a little bit of erosion there, but those coupons are pretty strong and they really help the margin from a. Roll over perspective on the yield side.
Mark Shutley - Analyst
Thanks for all the detail there. That's it for me. Appreciate it.
Jason Darby - Chief Financial Officer
Thank You.
Operator
We have reached the end of the question-and-answer session. I would like to turn the call back over to Priscilla Sims Brown for closing comments.
Priscilla Sims Brown - President and CEO
Thank you and thank you for those very good questions. I'm sure they will continue as we follow-up today and in the future around the quarter. But I want to just take a second again, as we do every quarter to thank our employees for their hard work and the dedication to the bank and our customers. We know our success would not be possible without the commitment and the determination of our talented team of bankers.
To conclude, I'm very pleased with our third quarter results, which demonstrates our lending, sorry, our leading deposit franchise, which is unique in the industry. And when you combine that with our lending platform, Which I also believe is unique.
We are at an important inflection point. Taken together, we're poised to deliver continued organic growth as we further build the earnings power of the bank and as we focus on delivering long-term value for shareholders. I look forward to updating you on our progress on the 4th quarter call and taking your calls in the meantime. Thank you.
Operator
This includes today's conference. You may disconnect your lines at this time, and we thank you for your participation. Enjoy the rest of your day.